快速公交系統(tǒng)績效評價指標體系研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-06 06:28
【摘要】：城市交通擁堵的問題是制約城市發(fā)展的一大難題，亞當斯定律說明，解決問題的關鍵不在于拓寬道路，而在于提高運輸效率，公交優(yōu)先應運而生。常規(guī)交通運量大但速度慢，地鐵運量大、速度快，但是建設周期長、成本高，對比之下，快速公交系統(tǒng)存在明顯優(yōu)勢，運量大、速度快、造價低、建設周期短，有效地發(fā)揮了緩解城市道路擁堵的作用。 快速公交系統(tǒng)是一種準公共產品，其公益性特征決定了快速公交系統(tǒng)的運營不同于一般性企業(yè)，需要利用準公共產品績效評價方法分析問題。目前，國內外對于快速公交績效評價的研究大多關注線路規(guī)劃、服務質量等單方面，并未從整體上對快速公交進行評價，忽視了快速公交的公益性特征。同時，，快速公交系統(tǒng)在運營中存在很多缺陷，如運力不足、穩(wěn)定性差，不同的利益相關者之間存在矛盾。因此，需要關注快速公交系統(tǒng)的公益性特征，利用針對公共產品的績效評價方法解決快速公交系統(tǒng)的缺陷和利益相關者之間存在的問題。 針對這一問題，首先，根據(jù)利益相關者理論，研究快速公交系統(tǒng)的企業(yè)、員工、乘客、政府等四個利益相關者對快速公交系統(tǒng)績效的影響。其次，通過實地調研、網(wǎng)上問卷以及調研的方式獲取問卷，利用因子分析法篩選指標，構建快速公交績效評價指標，確定影響快速公交系統(tǒng)績效的五個層面：乘客滿意度、員工、財務、政府以及技術能力。最后，通過專家問卷采用各指標兩兩對比的方法進行打分，運用層次分析法確定各個指標、各個層面的權重，構建快速公交績效評價指標體系。 基于利益相關者理論構建的快速公交績效評價指標體系適用于不同城市的快速公交系統(tǒng)，是一套專門針對快速公交系統(tǒng)績效評價的方法，通過對比打分可以及時發(fā)現(xiàn)一個城市快速公交系統(tǒng)存在的優(yōu)劣勢，揚長避短，及時改進問題，促進城市快速公交系統(tǒng)得到更好發(fā)展，并為其他尚未建設快速公交系統(tǒng)的城市提供借鑒經驗。
[Abstract]:The problem of urban traffic congestion is a difficult problem that restricts the development of city. Adams's law shows that the key to solve the problem is not to widen the road, but to improve the transportation efficiency, and the bus priority arises at the historic moment. The conventional traffic volume is large but slow, the subway volume is large, the speed is fast, but the construction period is long and the cost is high. In contrast, the bus rapid transit system has obvious advantages, such as large volume, fast speed, low cost and short construction period. Effectively played the role of alleviating urban road congestion. Bus rapid transit system (BRT) is a kind of quasi-public goods. Its commonweal character determines that the operation of BRT is different from that of general enterprises, so it is necessary to use the performance evaluation method of quasi-public products to analyze the problems. At present, most researches on BRT performance evaluation focus on route planning, service quality and so on, and do not evaluate BRT as a whole, ignoring the public welfare characteristics of BRT. At the same time, there are many defects in the operation of bus rapid transit system, such as insufficient transportation capacity, poor stability and contradictions among different stakeholders. Therefore, we need to pay attention to the public welfare characteristics of bus rapid transit system, and use the performance evaluation method for public goods to solve the shortcomings of bus rapid transit system and the problems among stakeholders. To solve this problem, first of all, according to stakeholder theory, the paper studies the impact of four stakeholders on the performance of BRT system: enterprise, employee, passenger and government. Secondly, through field research, online questionnaires and research methods to obtain questionnaires, using factor analysis to screen indicators, build BRT performance evaluation indicators, determine the impact of bus rapid transit system performance in five levels: passenger satisfaction. Employee, financial, government and technical skills. Finally, the expert questionnaire uses the method of comparison of each index to score, uses the analytic hierarchy process to determine each index, the weight of each level, and constructs the performance evaluation index system of bus rapid transit. The BRT performance evaluation index system based on stakeholder theory is suitable for the BRT system in different cities. It is a special method for BRT performance evaluation. By comparing and scoring, we can find out in time the advantages and disadvantages of a city's bus rapid transit system, take advantage of its advantages and avoid its disadvantages, improve the problems in time, and promote the better development of the urban bus rapid transit system. It also provides reference experience for other cities that have not built bus rapid transit system.
【學位授予單位】：江南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17
本文編號：2225533
[Abstract]:The problem of urban traffic congestion is a difficult problem that restricts the development of city. Adams's law shows that the key to solve the problem is not to widen the road, but to improve the transportation efficiency, and the bus priority arises at the historic moment. The conventional traffic volume is large but slow, the subway volume is large, the speed is fast, but the construction period is long and the cost is high. In contrast, the bus rapid transit system has obvious advantages, such as large volume, fast speed, low cost and short construction period. Effectively played the role of alleviating urban road congestion. Bus rapid transit system (BRT) is a kind of quasi-public goods. Its commonweal character determines that the operation of BRT is different from that of general enterprises, so it is necessary to use the performance evaluation method of quasi-public products to analyze the problems. At present, most researches on BRT performance evaluation focus on route planning, service quality and so on, and do not evaluate BRT as a whole, ignoring the public welfare characteristics of BRT. At the same time, there are many defects in the operation of bus rapid transit system, such as insufficient transportation capacity, poor stability and contradictions among different stakeholders. Therefore, we need to pay attention to the public welfare characteristics of bus rapid transit system, and use the performance evaluation method for public goods to solve the shortcomings of bus rapid transit system and the problems among stakeholders. To solve this problem, first of all, according to stakeholder theory, the paper studies the impact of four stakeholders on the performance of BRT system: enterprise, employee, passenger and government. Secondly, through field research, online questionnaires and research methods to obtain questionnaires, using factor analysis to screen indicators, build BRT performance evaluation indicators, determine the impact of bus rapid transit system performance in five levels: passenger satisfaction. Employee, financial, government and technical skills. Finally, the expert questionnaire uses the method of comparison of each index to score, uses the analytic hierarchy process to determine each index, the weight of each level, and constructs the performance evaluation index system of bus rapid transit. The BRT performance evaluation index system based on stakeholder theory is suitable for the BRT system in different cities. It is a special method for BRT performance evaluation. By comparing and scoring, we can find out in time the advantages and disadvantages of a city's bus rapid transit system, take advantage of its advantages and avoid its disadvantages, improve the problems in time, and promote the better development of the urban bus rapid transit system. It also provides reference experience for other cities that have not built bus rapid transit system.
【學位授予單位】：江南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17
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