基于HLA的VANET仿真平臺(tái)構(gòu)建與性能分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-04 10:28
【摘要】：近年來車載自組織網(wǎng)絡(luò)(VANET,Vehicular Ad hoc Network)技術(shù)得到快速發(fā)展,針對(duì)VANET仿真技術(shù)的研究受到了越來越多的重視。由于VANET網(wǎng)絡(luò)仿真同時(shí)涉及車輛運(yùn)動(dòng)的仿真以及車輛通信的仿真,因此最新的研究?jī)A向于采取對(duì)二者聯(lián)合仿真的方式來構(gòu)建VANET仿真平臺(tái)。本文搭建了基于HLA的VANET仿真平臺(tái),并利用該仿真平臺(tái)進(jìn)行了一系列有關(guān)于VANET現(xiàn)存問題改進(jìn)方法的仿真研究。 首先,論文在總結(jié)分析國內(nèi)外各種VANET仿真平臺(tái)特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了基于高層體系結(jié)構(gòu)(HLA,High Level Architecture)的VANET仿真平臺(tái)。該平臺(tái)是VANET研究領(lǐng)域內(nèi)首次使用微觀交通仿真軟件Paramics和通信仿真軟件OPNET以及根據(jù)現(xiàn)有代碼改編而成的HLA控制臺(tái)作為仿真成員的仿真平臺(tái)。相對(duì)于目前VANET研究領(lǐng)域內(nèi)其他仿真平臺(tái),基于HLA的VANET仿真平臺(tái)有著擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)勢(shì)。在構(gòu)建VANET仿真平臺(tái)的基礎(chǔ)上,本文依照國家“863計(jì)劃”重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目《智能車路協(xié)同關(guān)鍵技術(shù)》廊坊試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)地的規(guī)格搭建了相應(yīng)的仿真場(chǎng)景。 然后,論文針對(duì)目前VANET網(wǎng)絡(luò)存在的高時(shí)延和高丟包率問題在不同的仿真條件下進(jìn)行了大量的仿真工作,發(fā)現(xiàn)車輛之間路由頻繁中斷是造成的VANET網(wǎng)絡(luò)延遲偏高的重要原因,得出在此種情況下基于地理位置的路由協(xié)議在VANET網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于基于拓?fù)涞穆酚蓞f(xié)議。 最后,論文采用了增加路側(cè)設(shè)備(RSU,Road Side Unit)的VANET通信質(zhì)量改善方案,對(duì)不同RSU密度、RSU分布規(guī)律下的VANET網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能進(jìn)行了大量的仿真及分析工作,結(jié)果表明當(dāng)RSU密度增加到一個(gè)閾值,即可以確保車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)之間可以建立完全由RSU節(jié)點(diǎn)組成的路由的情況下,VANET網(wǎng)絡(luò)才有著最低的端到端時(shí)延與最高的分組送達(dá)率,而在此閡值的基礎(chǔ)上提高RSU密度將無法起到提升網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的作用。論文還對(duì)不同的數(shù)據(jù)包發(fā)送間隔、MAC層數(shù)據(jù)率與車輛速度下的VANET網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能進(jìn)行了大量的仿真,得出了能夠滿足VANET網(wǎng)絡(luò)QoS要求的數(shù)據(jù)包發(fā)送間隔、MAC層數(shù)據(jù)率與車輛速度的取值范圍。
[Abstract]:In recent years, vehicle Ad Hoc Network (VANET,Vehicular Ad hoc Network) technology has been developed rapidly, and more attention has been paid to the research of VANET simulation technology. Since the simulation of VANET network involves both the simulation of vehicle motion and the simulation of vehicle communication, the latest research tends to construct the VANET simulation platform by combining the two simulation methods. In this paper, the VANET simulation platform based on HLA is built, and a series of simulation research on the existing VANET problem improvement methods is carried out by using the simulation platform. Firstly, on the basis of summarizing and analyzing the characteristics of various VANET simulation platforms at home and abroad, the VANET simulation platform based on high-level architecture (HLA,High Level Architecture) is constructed. This platform is the first simulation platform in the field of VANET which uses microscopic traffic simulation software Paramics and communication simulation software OPNET and HLA console adapted from existing codes as simulation members. Compared with other simulation platforms in the field of VANET at present, the VANET simulation platform based on HLA has the advantages of strong expansibility and so on. On the basis of constructing VANET simulation platform, according to the specification of Langfang test site, the key project of "863 Program", "key Technology of Intelligent vehicle Road Coordination", the corresponding simulation scene is built in this paper. Then, a lot of simulation work has been done under different simulation conditions to solve the problem of high delay and high packet loss in current VANET networks. It is found that frequent routing interruptions between vehicles are the important reasons for the high delay in VANET networks. It is concluded that the performance of geographically based routing protocols in VANET networks is superior to that of topology-based routing protocols in this case. Finally, a scheme of improving the VANET communication quality of RSU,Road Side Unit) is adopted, and a lot of simulation and analysis work on the performance of VANET network with different RSU density is carried out. The results show that when the RSU density increases to a threshold value, That is to say, it can ensure that the routing between the vehicle nodes can be completely composed of RSU nodes, and the VANET network has the lowest end-to-end delay and the highest packet delivery rate. On the basis of this threshold, increasing the density of RSU will not improve the performance of the network. The paper also simulates the data rate of VANET layer and the performance of VANET network under vehicle speed, and obtains the range of data rate and vehicle speed which can meet the requirement of QoS in VANET network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U495
本文編號(hào)：2221811
[Abstract]:In recent years, vehicle Ad Hoc Network (VANET,Vehicular Ad hoc Network) technology has been developed rapidly, and more attention has been paid to the research of VANET simulation technology. Since the simulation of VANET network involves both the simulation of vehicle motion and the simulation of vehicle communication, the latest research tends to construct the VANET simulation platform by combining the two simulation methods. In this paper, the VANET simulation platform based on HLA is built, and a series of simulation research on the existing VANET problem improvement methods is carried out by using the simulation platform. Firstly, on the basis of summarizing and analyzing the characteristics of various VANET simulation platforms at home and abroad, the VANET simulation platform based on high-level architecture (HLA,High Level Architecture) is constructed. This platform is the first simulation platform in the field of VANET which uses microscopic traffic simulation software Paramics and communication simulation software OPNET and HLA console adapted from existing codes as simulation members. Compared with other simulation platforms in the field of VANET at present, the VANET simulation platform based on HLA has the advantages of strong expansibility and so on. On the basis of constructing VANET simulation platform, according to the specification of Langfang test site, the key project of "863 Program", "key Technology of Intelligent vehicle Road Coordination", the corresponding simulation scene is built in this paper. Then, a lot of simulation work has been done under different simulation conditions to solve the problem of high delay and high packet loss in current VANET networks. It is found that frequent routing interruptions between vehicles are the important reasons for the high delay in VANET networks. It is concluded that the performance of geographically based routing protocols in VANET networks is superior to that of topology-based routing protocols in this case. Finally, a scheme of improving the VANET communication quality of RSU,Road Side Unit) is adopted, and a lot of simulation and analysis work on the performance of VANET network with different RSU density is carried out. The results show that when the RSU density increases to a threshold value, That is to say, it can ensure that the routing between the vehicle nodes can be completely composed of RSU nodes, and the VANET network has the lowest end-to-end delay and the highest packet delivery rate. On the basis of this threshold, increasing the density of RSU will not improve the performance of the network. The paper also simulates the data rate of VANET layer and the performance of VANET network under vehicle speed, and obtains the range of data rate and vehicle speed which can meet the requirement of QoS in VANET network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U495
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