【摘要】：隨著無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)需求的增長,服務(wù)類型呈現(xiàn)多樣性。多媒體服務(wù)具有對(duì)延遲時(shí)間敏感的特性,它的服務(wù)質(zhì)量(Quality of Service, QoS)對(duì)用戶的體驗(yàn)具有重要影響。架構(gòu)式車聯(lián)網(wǎng)中,車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)的高速移動(dòng)性及資源的有限性導(dǎo)致通信鏈路維持時(shí)間短、丟包率高,嚴(yán)重降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能,影響用戶服務(wù)質(zhì)量。因此,如何保障業(yè)務(wù)服務(wù)質(zhì)量、合理分配有限的網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源成為架構(gòu)式車聯(lián)網(wǎng)主要研究課題之一。接納控制機(jī)制作為資源管理的重要組成部分,是保障用戶服務(wù)質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。本文在分析傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)典接納控制算法的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合車聯(lián)網(wǎng)的特點(diǎn),提出了基于移動(dòng)的接納控制算法(Mobility-based Call Admission Control Algorithm in VANET, MB-CAC)。為了減少控制幀的傳輸、降低AP負(fù)載,MB-CAC算法在接入點(diǎn)(Access Point, AP)廣播的beacon幀中攜帶了網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源信息。車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)接收到beacon幀后,分析獲取當(dāng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源的使用情況,初步判斷其業(yè)務(wù)請(qǐng)求是否能夠被AP接納。如果業(yè)務(wù)請(qǐng)求可以被AP接納,車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)則發(fā)送業(yè)務(wù)請(qǐng)求控制幀,否則,直接放棄業(yè)務(wù)請(qǐng)求。為了保證高優(yōu)先級(jí)的業(yè)務(wù)請(qǐng)求優(yōu)先被AP接納,MB-CAC算法通過設(shè)定信道空閑等待時(shí)間AIFS和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)窗口大小來進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)區(qū)分,從而保證高優(yōu)先級(jí)業(yè)務(wù)優(yōu)先訪問信道。當(dāng)AP接收到車輛節(jié)點(diǎn)的業(yè)務(wù)請(qǐng)求時(shí),根據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)開啟時(shí)間進(jìn)行分類。如果請(qǐng)求業(yè)務(wù)是切換業(yè)務(wù),則AP執(zhí)行切換業(yè)務(wù)接納原則,否則執(zhí)行新請(qǐng)求業(yè)務(wù)接納原則。在切換業(yè)務(wù)接納原則中,為保證切換業(yè)務(wù)優(yōu)先級(jí),AP根據(jù)相鄰AP業(yè)務(wù)接納率及切換業(yè)務(wù)到達(dá)概率,預(yù)留一定的帶寬資源用于切換業(yè)務(wù)的接納。在新請(qǐng)求業(yè)務(wù)接納原則中,根據(jù)新請(qǐng)求業(yè)務(wù)接納數(shù)量對(duì)切換業(yè)務(wù)的影響,設(shè)定新請(qǐng)求業(yè)務(wù)接納閾值K。本文分別從數(shù)學(xué)分析和實(shí)驗(yàn)仿真的角度,對(duì)MB-CAC算法的切換業(yè)務(wù)丟失率、新請(qǐng)求業(yè)務(wù)阻塞率、信道利用率、吞吐量四個(gè)性能參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析。數(shù)學(xué)分析和仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,MB-CAC算法降低了切換業(yè)務(wù)丟失率和新請(qǐng)求業(yè)務(wù)阻塞率,提高了信道利用率和網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand of wireless network services, the types of services are diversified. Multimedia service is sensitive to delay time, and its quality of service (Quality of Service, QoS) has an important impact on the user's experience. The high speed mobility of vehicle nodes and the limitation of resources lead to short communication link maintenance time and high packet loss rate, which seriously reduce the network performance and affect the quality of service of users. Therefore, how to guarantee the service quality and allocate the limited network resources rationally becomes one of the main research topics of the frame vehicle networking. As an important part of resource management, admission control mechanism is the key technology to guarantee the service quality of users. Based on the analysis of the classical admission control algorithm and the characteristics of vehicle networking, a mobile based admission control algorithm (Mobility-based Call Admission Control Algorithm in VANET, MB-CAC) is proposed in this paper. In order to reduce the transmission of the control frame, the AP load MB-CAC algorithm carries the network resource information in the beacon frame broadcast by the access point (Access Point, AP). After receiving the beacon frame, the vehicle node analyzes the usage of the current network resources and preliminarily determines whether the traffic request can be accepted by the AP. If the service request can be accepted by the AP, the vehicle node sends the service request control frame, otherwise, the traffic request is abandoned directly. In order to ensure that high priority traffic requests are first accepted by AP MB-CAC algorithm distinguishes traffic by setting channel idle waiting time (AIFS) and competing window size so as to ensure high priority services to access the channel first. When the AP receives a service request from a vehicle node, it classifies according to the service opening time. If the request service is a handoff service, the AP executes the handoff service admission policy, otherwise the new request service admission principle is executed. In the handoff admission principle, in order to ensure the handoff service priority AP, according to the admission rate of adjacent AP services and the arrival probability of handoff services, a certain bandwidth resource is reserved for the admission of handoff services. In the new request service admission principle, the new request service admission threshold K is set according to the effect of the new request service admission number on the handoff service. From the point of view of mathematical analysis and experimental simulation, this paper analyzes four performance parameters of MB-CAC algorithm, such as handoff traffic loss rate, new request traffic blocking rate, channel utilization rate and throughput. The results of mathematical analysis and simulation experiments show that the MB-CAC algorithm reduces the loss rate of handoff traffic and the blocking rate of new request traffic and improves the channel utilization and network throughput.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U495;TN929.5;TP391.44

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