【摘要】：目前交通問(wèn)題日益嚴(yán)峻,研究者們開始致力于提高現(xiàn)有道路、交叉口通行能力的研究來(lái)試圖緩解城市交通擁擠。在研究這些問(wèn)題時(shí)不可避免地應(yīng)用到了交通仿真。交通仿真模型中有大量的參數(shù),對(duì)仿真模型的準(zhǔn)確性有較大影響。常用的仿真軟件多是由國(guó)外開發(fā),通常應(yīng)用軟件模型中的默認(rèn)參數(shù),因此確定適合我國(guó)道路交通的具體模型參數(shù)亟待解決,本論文針對(duì)微觀仿真模型參數(shù)校正問(wèn)題展開研究。文獻(xiàn)綜述介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)微觀交通仿真模型參數(shù)校正的研究情況,然后介紹了微觀交通仿真模型參數(shù)的校正流程、選取的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)以及采用的尋優(yōu)算法,最后根據(jù)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)給出了Wiedemann跟車模型中的參數(shù)校正結(jié)果及車輛駕駛行為閾值的表示方法。由于流量速度圖形能夠表示自由流、擁堵和排隊(duì)消散這三種交通狀態(tài),它所具有的信息量比較完整,因此采用流量速度圖作為微觀交通仿真模型參數(shù)的校正的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。采用模式識(shí)別領(lǐng)域中的差異性度量方法,計(jì)算仿真輸出的數(shù)據(jù)形成的流量速度圖形和實(shí)際現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)得的速度流量圖形之間的差異值大小。分別對(duì)高速公路模型(Wiedemann99模型)和城市道路模型(Wiedemann74模型)的仿真參數(shù)校正進(jìn)行了研究。最后,結(jié)合遺傳算法建立了VISSIM、MATLAB和ExcelLink集成平臺(tái),實(shí)現(xiàn)VISSIM參數(shù)的自動(dòng)化校正過(guò)程。針對(duì)Wiedemann的兩種不同模型,分別對(duì)高速公路、城市道路進(jìn)行了數(shù)據(jù)采集,并應(yīng)用開發(fā)的仿真參數(shù)自動(dòng)校正系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)對(duì)兩個(gè)模型的參數(shù)進(jìn)行校正,說(shuō)明在仿真過(guò)程中模型參數(shù)校正的必要性。依據(jù)實(shí)際測(cè)得的長(zhǎng)沙市南二環(huán)交通數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)典型的Wiedemann車輛跟車行駛閾值進(jìn)行擬合,并得到實(shí)際交通運(yùn)行中的車輛行駛閾值圖。
[Abstract]:At present, the traffic problem is becoming more and more serious, and researchers are trying to improve the capacity of existing roads and intersections to alleviate urban traffic congestion. In studying these problems, traffic simulation is inevitably applied. There are a lot of parameters in the traffic simulation model, which have great influence on the accuracy of the simulation model. Most of the commonly used simulation software are developed by foreign countries, and usually the default parameters in the software model are applied. Therefore, it is urgent to determine the specific model parameters suitable for road traffic in China. In this paper, the problem of parameter correction of microscopic simulation model is studied. This paper introduces the domestic and international research on the parameter correction of microscopic traffic simulation model, and then introduces the calibration flow, the selected evaluation index and the optimization algorithm used in the microscopic traffic simulation model. Finally, according to the measured data, the correction results of the parameters in the Wiedemann model and the representation method of the threshold value of the vehicle driving behavior are given. Because the flow velocity graph can represent the three traffic states of free flow, congestion and queue dissipation, it has relatively complete information, so the flow velocity graph is used as the evaluation index for the correction of the parameters of the microscopic traffic simulation model. Using the difference measurement method in the field of pattern recognition, the magnitude of the difference between the flow velocity graph formed by the simulated output data and the velocity flow figure measured in the actual field is calculated. The emulation parameter correction of highway model (Wiedemann99 model) and urban road model (Wiedemann74 model) are studied respectively. Finally, the integrated platform of Visual Simma MATLAB and ExcelLink is established based on genetic algorithm to realize the automatic correction of VISSIM parameters. According to two different models of Wiedemann, the data of expressway and urban road are collected, and the parameters of the two models are corrected by using the developed simulation parameter automatic correction system platform. The necessity of model parameter correction in the process of simulation is explained. According to the traffic data of Nanerhuan in Changsha City, the typical Wiedemann vehicle driving threshold is fitted, and the vehicle driving threshold map in actual traffic operation is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491
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本文編號(hào)：2153941