【摘要】：地震是日常生活中破壞力最強的自然災害之一,橋梁在地震作用下發(fā)生倒塌的案例屢有發(fā)生，因此對橋梁進行抗震設計，必須嚴格執(zhí)行的，減隔震技術是近些年來橋梁抗震的新技術之一，在橋墩和上部結構之間設置減隔震支座是最常見的橋梁減隔震技術，，減隔震支座通過延長橋梁的自振周期，避開地震能量集中的范圍，從而降低橋梁受到的地震力。減隔震支座同時也可以利用自身材料的特點耗散橋梁的地震總輸入能，保證橋梁主體結構的安全性。因此對減隔震支座進行相關研究是非常有必要的。本文利用動力時程分析和能量法原理，利用Ansys有限元軟件對三座不同類型的橋梁進行建模和動力分析，重點研究減隔震支座對橋梁抗震的影響，包括以下內容： 1.總結橋梁震害的類型和現(xiàn)象，通過橋梁震害得出啟示，介紹幾種新的橋梁抗震技術，重點介紹其中的橋梁減隔震技術。 2.介紹了動力時程分析Newmark-β法公式的推導過程和計算方法，又介紹了能量法的產(chǎn)生發(fā)展過程和基本原理，推導了單自由度和多自由度下的能量法原理基本方程。詳細說明了能量方程中各部分所代表的能量意義。 3.通過Ansys軟件對三座不同類型的橋梁進行建模和動力分析，以能量法原理為理論基礎，對減隔震支座初始參數(shù)設置優(yōu)化條件，輸入不同的地震波，計算出在同一座橋梁在不同支座參數(shù)下的地震總輸入能，以使地震總輸入能最小的支座參數(shù)為我們設計所需要的最終支座參數(shù)。 4.將已經(jīng)確定的支座參數(shù)作為三座橋梁上應用的減隔震支座的參數(shù)，并對非隔震狀態(tài)下的橋梁進行建模和動力分析，提取同一座橋梁上典型位置的響應，通過對比隔震狀態(tài)下和非隔震狀態(tài)下的響應的大小關系，算出隔震率，以此來比較說明隔震支座對于橋梁抗震的影響。 5.介紹了行波效應產(chǎn)生的原因和地震波輸入的兩種計算方式。通過計算和分析響應結果，比較兩種計算方式的對于大跨連續(xù)梁橋抗震計算的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系。最后通過延長地震波的輸入時間來模擬行波效應對大跨連續(xù)梁橋進行動力分析，提取典型位置的響應，通過對比來分析行波效應對于大跨連續(xù)梁橋的影響。
[Abstract]:Earthquake is one of the most destructive natural disasters in daily life, and the bridge collapses frequently under the action of earthquake. Therefore, the seismic design of bridges must be strictly carried out. Seismic isolation technology is one of the new seismic techniques in recent years. It is the most common technology to install the isolation support between the pier and the superstructure, which extends the natural vibration period of the bridge. Avoid the range of seismic energy concentration, thus reducing the earthquake force to the bridge. At the same time, the isolation support can dissipate the total seismic input energy of the bridge and ensure the safety of the main structure of the bridge. Therefore, it is necessary to study the isolation bearing. In this paper, the dynamic time-history analysis and energy method are used to model and analyze three different types of bridges by using Ansys finite element software. The influence of the isolation bearing on the seismic resistance of the bridge is studied emphatically, including the following contents: 1. This paper summarizes the types and phenomena of bridge earthquake damage, draws inspiration from bridge earthquake damage, introduces several new bridge seismic techniques, and focuses on the bridge seismic isolation technology. 2. This paper introduces the derivation process and calculation method of Newmark- 尾 method for dynamic time history analysis, introduces the development process and basic principle of energy method, and deduces the basic equation of energy method principle under single degree of freedom and multiple degrees of freedom. The energy meaning represented by each part of the energy equation is explained in detail. 3. Three different types of bridges are modeled and analyzed by Ansys software. Based on the theory of energy method, the initial parameters of isolation support are optimized and different seismic waves are input. The total seismic input energy of the same bridge under different support parameters is calculated, so that the bearing parameters with the smallest total seismic input energy are the final support parameters that we need to design. The determined support parameters are taken as the parameters of the isolation bearings applied on three bridges, and the model and dynamic analysis of the bridges in non-isolated state are carried out to extract the response of the typical position on the same bridge. The isolation rate is calculated by comparing the response size relationship between the isolated state and the non-isolated state, and the effect of the isolation support on the seismic resistance of the bridge is compared. 5. The cause of traveling wave effect and two calculating methods of seismic wave input are introduced. By calculating and analyzing the response results, the difference and relation between the two calculation methods for seismic calculation of long-span continuous beam bridges are compared. Finally, the dynamic analysis of long-span continuous beam bridge is simulated by prolonging the input time of seismic wave, and the response of typical position is extracted, and the effect of traveling wave effect on long-span continuous beam bridge is analyzed by comparison.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U442.55

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 杜修力,劉勇生;強震持時對鋼筋混凝土結構地震累積破壞的影響[J];地震工程與工程振動;1992年03期

2 李忠獻,史志利;行波激勵下大跨度連續(xù)剛構橋的地震反應分析[J];地震工程與工程振動;2003年02期

3 史志利,李忠獻;隨機地震動場多點激勵下大跨度橋梁地震反應分析方法[J];地震工程與工程振動;2003年04期

4 周瑞忠;吳琛;江連丁;;有限持時地震動對長周期結構動力反應的影響[J];地震工程與工程振動;2008年01期

5 馮峻輝,閆貴平,鐘鐵毅;地震工程中的靜力彈塑性(pushover)分析法[J];貴州工業(yè)大學學報(自然科學版);2003年02期

6 肖明葵，劉波，白紹良;抗震結構總輸入能量及其影響因素分析[J];重慶建筑大學學報;1996年02期

7 劉波，肖明葵，賴明;結構地震總輸入能量的分配[J];重慶建筑大學學報;1996年02期

8 范立礎,王君杰,陳瑋;非一致地震激勵下大跨度斜拉橋的響應特征[J];計算力學學報;2001年03期

9 王亞勇;關于設計反應譜、時程法和能量方法的探討[J];建筑結構學報;2000年01期

10 劉延芳;葉愛君;;減隔震技術在橋梁結構中的應用[J];世界地震工程;2008年02期

本文編號：2136133