本文選題：環(huán)島 + LWR模型�。� 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái)隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展,城市現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程不斷加快,城市人口和規(guī)模持續(xù)膨脹,機(jī)動(dòng)化水平迅速提高,交通擁擠已經(jīng)成為城市的發(fā)展瓶頸之一。城市管理者先后采取了一系列的措施和方法來(lái)緩解交通擁擠,包括新建道路、擴(kuò)建和改造道路、采用先進(jìn)的交通管理系統(tǒng)等。長(zhǎng)期實(shí)踐表明：道路交叉口是影響道路運(yùn)行效率的關(guān)鍵結(jié)點(diǎn),對(duì)交叉口進(jìn)行交通流運(yùn)行特性分析,對(duì)提高道路運(yùn)行效率有重要意義。本文是對(duì)一種具有交通自組織能力的特殊交叉口——非信控環(huán)島的交通流運(yùn)行特性進(jìn)行了建模分析。 通過(guò)實(shí)際觀察,環(huán)島內(nèi)的交通只有合流、分流以及交織沖突,與高速公路上的交通極其類似,環(huán)島上的進(jìn)口匝道和出口匝道也類似于高速公路上的上匝道和下匝道,如果不考慮相鄰進(jìn)出口之間的距離以及車速,非信控環(huán)島完全可以看作是一條短的環(huán)型高速公路。因此,本文將非信控環(huán)島看作是一條短的環(huán)型高速公路,借鑒已經(jīng)成功運(yùn)用于高速公路交通流的模型進(jìn)行環(huán)島交通流建模,試圖建立一個(gè)適合任何類型的非信控環(huán)島的交通流運(yùn)行特性的模型。首先,本文將環(huán)島內(nèi)的交通流依據(jù)車輛的進(jìn)出匝道分成不同的類型,分別對(duì)每種類型的交通流運(yùn)行特性采用LWR模型進(jìn)行建模,并且推導(dǎo)統(tǒng)一的模型來(lái)刻畫這個(gè)復(fù)雜的動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)。其次,以圓形均勻?qū)ΨQ且由四條含有相同車道數(shù)的進(jìn)出匝道的非信控環(huán)島為例得到模型的差分格式,進(jìn)而通過(guò)案例分析得到模型的有效性以及差分格式的魯棒性。最后,在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)一系列的數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)一步探究了影響非信控環(huán)島交通流的因素,模擬結(jié)果表明：環(huán)道車道數(shù)與進(jìn)口路段車道數(shù)的配置,環(huán)道的自由流速度以及U型轉(zhuǎn)向車輛對(duì)環(huán)島交通流的影響都很大；在交通流量較大的環(huán)島中,環(huán)道的車道數(shù)應(yīng)不小于進(jìn)口路段的車道數(shù)；環(huán)道的自由流速度越大或者U型轉(zhuǎn)向車輛越少,環(huán)島的運(yùn)行效率越高。這些說(shuō)明該模型可以很好地運(yùn)用于非信控的環(huán)島系統(tǒng),對(duì)合理設(shè)計(jì)和組織規(guī)劃環(huán)島處乃至整個(gè)城市路網(wǎng)的交通都有積極的現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's social economy, the process of urban modernization is accelerating, the population and scale of the city continue to expand, the level of motorization is rapidly improved, traffic congestion has become one of the bottlenecks of urban development. City managers have adopted a series of measures and methods to alleviate traffic congestion, including the construction of new roads, the expansion and reconstruction of roads, and the adoption of advanced traffic management systems. The long-term practice shows that the road intersection is the key node that affects the road operation efficiency. It is of great significance to analyze the traffic flow characteristics of the intersection to improve the road operation efficiency. In this paper, the traffic flow characteristics of a special intersection-non-signal control island with self-organizing traffic capability are modeled and analyzed. According to the actual observation, the traffic in the ring island is only confluence, shunt and conflict, which is very similar to the traffic on the freeway, and the entrance ramp and the exit ramp on the ring island are similar to the upper and lower ramps on the freeway. If we do not consider the distance and speed between the adjacent entrances and exits, the non-signal control ring island can be regarded as a short ring expressway. Therefore, in this paper, the non-signal control ring island is regarded as a short ring type expressway, and the traffic flow model of the ring island is built by using the model that has been successfully applied to the expressway traffic flow. This paper attempts to establish a model for traffic flow characteristics of any type of non-controlled island. Firstly, the traffic flow in the ring island is divided into different types according to the on-ramp of the vehicle. The LWR model is used to model the traffic flow characteristics of each type of traffic flow, and a unified model is derived to describe the complex power system. Secondly, the difference scheme of the model is obtained by taking the circular uniform symmetry and four non-signal loop islands with the same number of lanes as an example, and then the validity of the model and the robustness of the difference scheme are obtained by case analysis. Finally, through a series of numerical experiments, the factors that affect the traffic flow of the non-signal control ring island are further explored. The simulation results show that the number of traffic lanes in the ring road and the number of lanes in the entrance section are configured. The free flow velocity of the ring road and the U-type steering vehicle have great influence on the traffic flow around the island, and the number of lanes in the ring road should not be less than the number of lanes in the entrance section of the ring island with large traffic flow. The higher the free flow velocity is or the less the U steering vehicle is, the higher the running efficiency is. These results show that the model can be well applied to the non-information-controlled ring island system and has a positive practical significance for the rational design and planning of the traffic around the island and the entire urban road network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.112

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本文編號(hào)：2061962