本文選題：公路橋梁 + 山洪災(zāi)害��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：秦巴山區(qū)位于我國(guó)中西部地區(qū)，降水豐富，地質(zhì)災(zāi)害不斷，公路橋梁受山洪、滑坡、崩塌及泥石流損壞事故頻頻發(fā)生。山區(qū)公路橋梁以中、小跨徑的拱橋和梁橋居多，如何針對(duì)山區(qū)典型橋梁山洪破壞，并制定相應(yīng)的維護(hù)管理措施成為山區(qū)橋梁安全運(yùn)營(yíng)的關(guān)鍵。為提高山區(qū)公路橋梁抗山洪破壞能力，針對(duì)山區(qū)橋梁開(kāi)展災(zāi)害種類調(diào)查、公路橋梁山洪破壞機(jī)理、山區(qū)橋梁抗山洪破壞維護(hù)措施等方面的研究具有十分重要的意義。 本文以一座典型的秦巴山區(qū)公路橋梁為工程背景，通過(guò)對(duì)秦巴山區(qū)的自然環(huán)境分析，結(jié)合公路橋梁山洪災(zāi)害破壞事故分析，針對(duì)山區(qū)公路橋梁山洪災(zāi)害破壞機(jī)理及維護(hù)措施展開(kāi)研究，主要研究工作如下： （1）總結(jié)了山區(qū)公路橋梁的種類及特點(diǎn)，回顧了國(guó)內(nèi)外山區(qū)橋梁受山洪破壞的事故案例，并簡(jiǎn)要分析了事故原因；評(píng)述了山區(qū)橋梁山洪破壞及國(guó)內(nèi)外研究進(jìn)展； （2）分析總結(jié)了秦巴山區(qū)地形地貌、氣候特點(diǎn)、水文特征、植被情況及土壤特點(diǎn)，并簡(jiǎn)要介紹了山洪及其他地質(zhì)災(zāi)害及對(duì)公路橋梁帶來(lái)的威脅；詳細(xì)分析了山區(qū)橋梁山洪破壞的類型及主要影響因素； （3）開(kāi)展秦巴山區(qū)公路橋梁受山洪災(zāi)害損害的破壞機(jī)理研究，詳細(xì)分析了山洪發(fā)生時(shí)橋梁的受力性能，以一座典型的山區(qū)公路橋梁為例，，計(jì)算了山洪作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)受力，評(píng)估其安全狀況，并分析了結(jié)構(gòu)破壞的影響因素； （4）針對(duì)山區(qū)橋梁山洪及其他并發(fā)災(zāi)害破壞風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，建立秦巴山區(qū)公路橋梁山洪災(zāi)害破壞的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估模型，通過(guò)專家調(diào)查法得出了不同風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因子所占比重，采用層次分析法和模糊數(shù)學(xué)理論對(duì)山區(qū)橋梁山洪破壞進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估，得出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)； （5）基于本文研究成果，結(jié)合山區(qū)氣候、地質(zhì)特點(diǎn)，給出山區(qū)公路橋梁抗山洪破壞預(yù)防性維護(hù)與常規(guī)性維護(hù)策略，為秦巴山區(qū)公路橋梁的安全運(yùn)營(yíng)提供了技術(shù)支撐，對(duì)其他地區(qū)橋梁抗山洪破壞維護(hù)也可提供一定的參考。
[Abstract]:The Qinba Mountain area is located in the central and western regions of China, with abundant precipitation, continuous geological disasters, and frequent accidents of highway bridges being damaged by mountain torrents, landslides, landslides and debris flows. Highway bridges in mountainous areas are mostly arch bridges and girder bridges with small span. How to deal with the mountain torrents damage and how to formulate the corresponding maintenance and management measures become the key to the safe operation of bridges in mountainous areas. In order to improve the ability of mountain highway bridges to resist mountain torrents, it is of great significance to investigate the types of disasters of mountain bridges, to study the mechanism of mountain bridges' damage, and to study the maintenance measures of mountain bridges' anti-mountain torrents. Based on the engineering background of a typical highway bridge in Qinba Mountain area, this paper analyzes the natural environment of Qinba Mountain area and analyzes the damage accident of mountain flood disaster of highway bridge. The damage mechanism and maintenance measures of mountain highway bridges caused by mountain torrents are studied. The main research work is as follows: This paper summarizes the types and characteristics of highway bridges in mountainous areas, reviews the accident cases of mountain bridges damaged by mountain torrents at home and abroad, and briefly analyzes the causes of the accidents, and comments on the damage of mountain bridges and the research progress at home and abroad. (2) the landform, climate, hydrology, vegetation and soil characteristics of Qinba Mountain area are analyzed and summarized, and the torrents and other geological hazards and the threat to highway and bridge are briefly introduced. The types and main influencing factors of mountain bridge mountain flood damage are analyzed in detail. The failure mechanism of highway bridges damaged by mountain torrents in Qinling-Bashan area is studied. The mechanical behavior of bridges is analyzed in detail. Taking a typical mountain highway bridge as an example, the structural forces under the action of mountain torrents are calculated. The safety condition is evaluated and the influencing factors of structural failure are analyzed. (4) aiming at the risk of mountain bridge mountain torrents and other concurrent disasters, the risk assessment model of highway bridge mountain flood damage in Qinba Mountain area is established, and the proportion of different risk factors is obtained by means of expert investigation. Using the analytic hierarchy process and the fuzzy mathematics theory to carry on the risk assessment to the mountain bridge mountain flood damage, obtains the risk index; Based on the research results of this paper, combined with the climate and geological characteristics of mountainous area, the preventive maintenance and routine maintenance strategy of mountain highway bridge against mountain flood damage are given, which provides technical support for the safe operation of highway bridge in Qinba Mountain area. It can also provide some reference for the maintenance of bridge against mountain torrents in other areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U445.7

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本文編號(hào)：1811996