本文選題：危險(xiǎn)貨物 + 煙花爆竹　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品遍及了生產(chǎn)、生活等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,但鑒于其易燃易爆等危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)特性,一旦在有泄漏的運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中,這些貨車(chē)運(yùn)輸發(fā)生火災(zāi)或爆炸事故,會(huì)造成無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)的后果。不僅嚴(yán)重影響沿線居民的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)、健康安全,還對(duì)沿線周?chē)纳鷳B(tài)環(huán)境造成重大危害。在實(shí)踐中,如何對(duì)危險(xiǎn)貨物運(yùn)輸路線進(jìn)行有效的優(yōu)化,是保證運(yùn)輸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的措施之一。因此,保證道路危險(xiǎn)貨物運(yùn)輸安全,降低配送成本,提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,保護(hù)人民的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本論文主要對(duì)危險(xiǎn)貨物特定貨煙物——花爆竹的道路運(yùn)輸路徑優(yōu)化問(wèn)題、交通規(guī)劃中的雙層規(guī)劃模型、基于信息熵的多屬性決策方法和遺傳算法進(jìn)行了研究。在煙花爆竹道路運(yùn)輸路徑優(yōu)化問(wèn)題上,首先回顧危險(xiǎn)貨物道路運(yùn)輸?shù)难芯?其次進(jìn)行了道路運(yùn)輸煙花爆竹的概述,包括煙花爆竹的特點(diǎn)、優(yōu)化的特點(diǎn)及運(yùn)輸?shù)姆梢蟮?從而得出特定危險(xiǎn)貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)奶厥庑裕槐疚牡慕煌p層規(guī)劃研究,從運(yùn)輸企業(yè)的運(yùn)輸兩大原則分析,并將這兩個(gè)原則作為雙層規(guī)劃的上下目標(biāo),并將影響程度轉(zhuǎn)化為經(jīng)過(guò)的密集區(qū)域數(shù)目來(lái)作為上層目標(biāo)模型,將時(shí)間窗轉(zhuǎn)化為懲罰成本加入下層目標(biāo)模型中,能有效地降低模型的運(yùn)算復(fù)雜程度；在基于信息熵的多屬性決策方法中,將影響程度和成本性作為決策方法的兩個(gè)未知權(quán)重信息的屬性值,這樣不僅避免了須將多目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)化為單目標(biāo)求解的困擾,還能適當(dāng)?shù)亟档瓦\(yùn)算難度。從算法上面分析,適應(yīng)度函數(shù)為基于信息熵的多屬性決策函數(shù)的遺傳算法在國(guó)內(nèi)的應(yīng)用很少,不但能解決了多目標(biāo)求解的問(wèn)題,還能使整個(gè)算法得到了一定程度的局部最優(yōu)的改進(jìn),具有創(chuàng)新性。最后本論文針對(duì)實(shí)際情況設(shè)計(jì)了算例分析,以此來(lái)證明本論文中改進(jìn)后的遺傳算法的有效性。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品運(yùn)輸路徑優(yōu)化的問(wèn)題研究較多,但是對(duì)特定的危險(xiǎn)貨物尤其是煙花爆竹的道路運(yùn)輸路徑問(wèn)題的研究還是不多。本論文主要解決的是特定貨物—煙花爆竹運(yùn)輸?shù)穆窂絾?wèn)題研究,其中對(duì)影響程度、時(shí)間窗及成本的多目標(biāo)的處理借用了交通規(guī)劃中的雙層規(guī)劃模型和基于信息熵的多屬性決策方法模型,對(duì)后續(xù)的煙花爆竹的運(yùn)輸路徑問(wèn)題研究具有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Hazardous chemicals are widely used in production, life and other fields, but because of their flammable, explosive and other dangerous chemical characteristics, once there is a leak in the transport process, these truck transportation fire or explosion accidents, will cause irreparable consequences. It not only seriously affects residents' life and property, health and safety, but also causes great harm to the surrounding ecological environment. In practice, how to effectively optimize the transport route of dangerous goods is one of the measures to ensure transportation risks. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to ensure the transportation safety of road dangerous goods, reduce the cost of distribution, improve economic benefits, and protect the safety of people's life and property and social stability. In this paper, the problem of road transportation route optimization of dangerous goods specific fumes, the two-level programming model in traffic planning, the multi-attribute decision making method based on information entropy and genetic algorithm are studied. With regard to the road transportation route optimization of fireworks and firecrackers, the research on road transport of dangerous goods is reviewed first, and then an overview of the road transportation of fireworks and firecrackers is given, including the characteristics of fireworks and firecrackers, the characteristics of optimization and the legal requirements of transportation, etc. Thus, the particularity of the transport of specific dangerous goods is obtained. The study of the transportation bilevel planning in this paper analyzes the two principles of transportation of the transportation enterprises, and regards these two principles as the upper and lower objectives of the bilevel programming. The influence degree is transformed into the number of passing dense areas as the upper target model, and the time window is transformed into the penalty cost to be added to the lower target model, which can effectively reduce the complexity of the model. In the multi-attribute decision making method based on information entropy, the degree of influence and the cost are regarded as the attribute values of the two unknown weights of the decision making method, which not only avoids the difficulty of converting multi-objective into single-objective solution. It can also reduce the computational difficulty properly. From the above analysis of the algorithm, the fitness function is a multi-attribute decision function based on information entropy. The application of genetic algorithm in China is very few, which can not only solve the problem of multi-objective solution. It can also make the whole algorithm get a certain degree of local optimal improvement, innovative. Finally, an example is designed to prove the effectiveness of the improved genetic algorithm. At present, there are many researches on the route optimization of hazardous chemicals transportation, but the research on the road transportation route of specific dangerous goods, especially fireworks and firecrackers, is still rare. This paper mainly solves the route problem of the transportation of specific cargo-fireworks and firecrackers, among which the degree of influence, The multi-objective processing of time window and cost is based on the two-level programming model in traffic planning and the multi-attribute decision-making model based on information entropy, which has some reference significance for the subsequent research on the transportation path of fireworks and firecrackers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U492.81
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本文編號(hào)：1794657