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  本文選題：雙車道公路 + 超車�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國的公路網(wǎng)中，雙車道公路是十分普遍的公路形式，由于每條車道只能供一個方向的交通通行，當(dāng)后方車輛出現(xiàn)超車需求時，必須利用對向車道才能完成超車。而我國機動車性能差異明顯，在雙車道公路交通量不大的情況下，超車需求尚且經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，當(dāng)交通量較大時，超車需求則明顯增加。但是，借助對向車道超車，駕駛?cè)诵枰^察對向車道的交通流狀況，選擇合適的可超車間隙進行超車，而由于駕駛?cè)说囊曊J、感知、判斷與決策受到道路、交通、環(huán)境等諸多因素的影響，勢必存在失誤風(fēng)險。所以，雙車道公路的超車行為成為影響雙車道公路行車安全的重要問題所在，如何對其安全性進行定量評價便成為道路交通安全研究領(lǐng)域的研究熱點與難點之一，也是增加雙車道公路行車安全的重要決策依據(jù)，具有重要的實際意義。 論文通過設(shè)計實車試驗，制定了合理的數(shù)據(jù)采集方案，并對數(shù)據(jù)進行了合理的處理和分析。依據(jù)交通沖突時間與隸屬度關(guān)系的變化趨勢，建立了交通沖突隸屬度函數(shù)，并采用德爾菲法確定了交通沖突等級的臨界值，確定了以交通沖突時間為評價指標的雙車道公路駕駛?cè)顺囆袨榘踩u價方法。 運用理論分析和回歸分析相結(jié)合的方法，確定了交通沖突時間與設(shè)計速度和交通量之間的關(guān)系模型，基于已經(jīng)建立的以交通沖突時間為評價指標的雙車道公路駕駛?cè)顺囆袨榘踩u價方法，給出了對應(yīng)不同設(shè)計速度和不同安全等級的雙車道公路設(shè)置附加車道的交通量條件。 以理論分析為主，從工程經(jīng)濟性和汽車行駛安全性角度出發(fā)，，分別給出了可以不設(shè)置附加車道的雙車道公路富裕寬度臨界值、設(shè)置附加車道的圓曲線半徑臨界值以及設(shè)置附加車道的下坡坡度臨界值。
[Abstract]:In the highway network of our country, the two-lane highway is a very common form of highway. Because each lane can only be used for one direction of traffic, when there is overtaking demand for rear vehicles, we must use the opposite lane to complete overtaking. However, there are obvious differences in the performance of motor vehicles in China. When the traffic volume of two-lane highway is not large, the overtaking demand often appears, and when the traffic volume is large, the overtaking demand increases obviously. However, with the aid of overtaking, the driver needs to observe the traffic flow in the driveway, select the appropriate overtaking gap to overtake, and because the driver's vision, perception, judgment and decision are affected by the road, traffic, The influence of many factors, such as environment, is bound to have the risk of error. Therefore, the overtaking behavior of two-lane highway has become an important problem affecting the traffic safety of two-lane highway. How to quantitatively evaluate the safety of two-lane highway becomes one of the hot and difficult research topics in the field of road traffic safety research. It is also an important decision-making basis for increasing the driving safety of two-lane highway, which is of great practical significance. In this paper, a reasonable data acquisition scheme is established by designing a real vehicle test, and the data is processed and analyzed reasonably. According to the changing trend of the relationship between traffic conflict time and membership degree, the membership function of traffic conflict is established, and the critical value of traffic conflict grade is determined by Delphi method. A safety evaluation method for overtaking behavior of two-lane highway drivers is established based on the time of traffic conflict. The relationship model between traffic conflict time and design speed and traffic volume is established by combining theoretical analysis and regression analysis. Based on the established safety evaluation method for overtaking behavior of two-lane highway drivers with traffic conflict time as the evaluation index, the traffic volume conditions of setting additional lanes for two-lane highways with different design speeds and different safety grades are given. Based on the theoretical analysis and from the point of view of engineering economy and vehicle driving safety, the critical values of the rich width of two-lane highway without additional lanes are given respectively. The critical value of circle curve radius and downhill slope of additional lane is set.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.22;U412.3

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