本文選題：DSRC協(xié)議 + OBU��； 參考：《電子科技大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：歐美、日本在上個世紀九十年代已經(jīng)開始研發(fā)電子收費系統(tǒng)。我國在21世紀初開始研究專用短程通信協(xié)議,并在2007年正式發(fā)布,它統(tǒng)一了RSU與OBU之間的通信規(guī)則。國內(nèi)很多研究單位主要致力于三方面的開發(fā):RSU設備、OBU設備、DSRC協(xié)議開發(fā)。本文按照國標GB\T20851,對DSRC協(xié)議進行了軟件實現(xiàn)。目的是實現(xiàn)協(xié)議功能、提高交易效率、縮減通信時間。本文基于arm+linux的平臺。分別對物理層、數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層、應用層及設備應用層進行了設計與實現(xiàn)。物理層主要由射頻芯片BK5823實現(xiàn)的,這里BK5823的驅(qū)動以模塊的形式加載到linux內(nèi)核中。由于DSRC協(xié)議是不對稱協(xié)議,即實現(xiàn)通信的兩端軟件不一致。數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層在RSU與OBU的實現(xiàn)方式不一樣。RSU中通過一個狀態(tài)機實現(xiàn),這個狀態(tài)機有3個狀態(tài),十幾種事件。OBU端的狀態(tài)機只有1種狀態(tài),它是一個被動設備。數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層的設計參考了停止等待協(xié)議。在數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層中,利用了hash表作為存儲幀的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu),同時利用linux的眾多機制(異步通知、內(nèi)存分配、中斷上下部等)保證了通信的實時性。應用層中T-KE設計最主要包括編碼解碼、分段并段等功能。應用層使用ASN.1抽象語言描述的,這里使用eclipse插件來作為ASN.1編譯器。這樣可以將ASN.1結(jié)構(gòu)映射為C語言結(jié)構(gòu)體。利用PER編解碼庫實現(xiàn)C語言到比特流的轉(zhuǎn)換。分段、并段的功能設計思想?yún)⒖剂薚CP\IP協(xié)議中的分片、重組的思想。I-KE層設計了兩個狀態(tài)機。RSU端四個狀態(tài)的狀態(tài)機完成了I-KE層的功能,而OBU端狀態(tài)機也有三種狀態(tài)。這部分完成了DSRC協(xié)議“握手”的過程。應用層實現(xiàn)了B-KE的接口功能。設備應用層主要是設計ICC卡和PSAM模塊。這里使用握奇公司的TimeCOS卡作為ICC卡和PSAM。使用ISO7816協(xié)議對TimeCOS卡進行操作。建立了ETC的應用文件夾、實現(xiàn)了安全傳輸功能。利用訪問許可、信息鑒別、密文傳輸三種方式實現(xiàn)了安全傳輸功能。最后對每個模塊進行了測試。分別對RSU模塊、OBU模塊、安全傳輸模塊等進行了測試。模塊測試時,測試用例分別使用正常幀和非正常幀進行測試,得出結(jié)果與預期一致。測試結(jié)果表明,此協(xié)議軟件實現(xiàn)性能良好,符合DSRC協(xié)議的功能。
[Abstract]:Europe and the United States, Japan in the last century in the 1990 s have begun to develop electronic charging system. In the beginning of the 21st century, China began to study the special short-range communication protocol, which was published in 2007. It unified the communication rules between RSU and OBU. Many research units in China are mainly devoted to the development of the DSRC protocol for the OBU equipment. According to GB\ T 20851, the DSRC protocol is implemented by software in this paper. The purpose is to achieve protocol function, improve transaction efficiency and reduce communication time. This paper is based on the platform of arm linux. The physical layer, data link layer, application layer and device application layer are designed and implemented. The physical layer is mainly implemented by RF chip BK5823, where the BK5823 driver is loaded into the linux kernel in the form of modules. Because the DSRC protocol is asymmetric, that is, the software of both ends of communication is inconsistent. The realization of data link layer in RSU and OBU is different. RSU is implemented by a state machine. This state machine has three states, and the state machine of more than ten kinds of events .OBU has only one state. It is a passive device. The design of the data link layer refers to the stop wait protocol. In the data link layer, the hash table is used as the data structure of the storage frame, and the real-time communication is ensured by the many mechanisms of linux (asynchronous notification, memory allocation, interrupt upper and lower parts, etc.). In the application layer, T-KE design mainly includes encoding and decoding, segmenting and segmenting and so on. The application layer is described in the ASN.1 abstract language, where eclipse plug-ins are used as ASN.1 compilers. In this way, the ASN.1 structure can be mapped to C language structure. The conversion from C language to bit stream is realized by using PER codec library. The function design idea of segment and parallel section refers to the partition in TCP\ IP protocol. The recombination thought. I-KE layer designs two state machines with four states at the end of the state machine. The state machine of the OBU end has three states, and the state machine of the OBU terminal has three states. This part completes the DSRC agreement "handshake" process. The application layer realizes the interface function of B-KE. The device application layer mainly designs ICC card and PSAM module. The TimeCOS card of the company is used here as the ICC card and the PSAM card. Use the ISO7816 protocol to operate the TimeCOS card. The application folder of ETC is established and the function of secure transmission is realized. Access permission, information authentication and ciphertext transmission are used to realize secure transmission. Finally, each module is tested. RSU module OBU module, security transmission module and so on were tested. When the module is tested, the test cases are tested with normal frame and abnormal frame respectively, and the results are consistent with the expectation. The test results show that the performance of the protocol software is good and conforms to the function of DSRC protocol.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U495

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前3條

1 金志剛,朱軍;基于IC卡技術(shù)的一卡多用的設計與實現(xiàn)[J];電子工程師;2004年12期

2 陳小輝;文佳;;PSAM卡和ESAM卡對比分析[J];金融科技時代;2012年09期

3 鄧秀蘭,饒運濤;ASN.1的編解碼規(guī)則與應用層網(wǎng)絡協(xié)議開發(fā)[J];微計算機信息;2004年04期

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 張迪;ETC系統(tǒng)中OBU側(cè)DSRC協(xié)議的設計與實現(xiàn)[D];山東大學;2009年

，

本文編號：1777836