本文選題：船舶火災(zāi) + 扁平型大空間艙室　； 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：船舶火災(zāi)是船舶安全的主要威脅,船舶艙室的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)、受限制開(kāi)口以及特殊的通風(fēng)條件都會(huì)對(duì)其火災(zāi)特性產(chǎn)生巨大影響,不能簡(jiǎn)單按陸地建筑的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)套用,因此對(duì)于船舶特殊艙室內(nèi)火災(zāi)特性進(jìn)行研究,在掌握其特性的基礎(chǔ)上有針對(duì)性地設(shè)計(jì)其防排煙策略將具有重要的意義。本文結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬方法對(duì)船舶內(nèi)典型扁平型大艙室內(nèi)火災(zāi)特性及防控策略進(jìn)行研究。首先,構(gòu)建了適用于船舶火災(zāi)計(jì)算機(jī)模擬的相關(guān)數(shù)學(xué)模型和計(jì)算方法;其次,在近似船舶密閉條件的扁平型大空間內(nèi)進(jìn)行了不同火源面積的火災(zāi)實(shí)驗(yàn),分析了扁平型空間內(nèi)熱煙氣的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,通過(guò)將實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與計(jì)算機(jī)模擬結(jié)果比對(duì)驗(yàn)證了所構(gòu)建的數(shù)學(xué)模型和計(jì)算方法對(duì)于船舶扁平型大空間艙室內(nèi)火災(zāi)熱流場(chǎng)模擬的有效性;然后,以美國(guó)LPD-17型“圣安東尼奧級(jí)兩棲攻擊艦”中的扁平型大空間艙室作為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其艙室內(nèi)火災(zāi)熱流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬研究,分別分析了艦體尾塢門(mén)、艙室內(nèi)通風(fēng)、外界風(fēng)對(duì)艙室內(nèi)火災(zāi)熱流場(chǎng)特性的影響;最后,確定了不同條件下火災(zāi)對(duì)艙室下部分造成的熱危害,根據(jù)扁平型大空間艙室內(nèi)的火災(zāi)熱流場(chǎng)特性,分別提出了尾塢門(mén)開(kāi)啟和關(guān)閉時(shí)相應(yīng)的排煙策略,并驗(yàn)證了排煙策略的有效性。本研究工作可為船舶扁平型大空間艙室內(nèi)火災(zāi)特性提供一定理論指導(dǎo),并可為船舶扁平型大空間艙室內(nèi)的火災(zāi)應(yīng)對(duì)、防排煙等提供一定的技術(shù)參考。
[Abstract]:Ship fire is the main threat to ship safety. The special structure of ship compartment, restricted openings and special ventilation conditions will have a great impact on the fire characteristics of the ship, so it can not be simply applied according to the relevant standards of land buildings. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the fire characteristics of ship's special cabin and design its smoke prevention and exhaust strategy on the basis of mastering its characteristics. In this paper, the fire characteristics and prevention and control strategies of typical flat large compartments in ships are studied by means of experiments and numerical simulation. Firstly, the relevant mathematical model and calculation method suitable for the computer simulation of ship fire are constructed. Secondly, the fire experiments with different fire source areas are carried out in a flat large space, which is similar to the ship's airtight condition. The motion law of hot smoke in flat space is analyzed, and the effectiveness of the mathematical model and calculation method for fire heat field simulation in flat large space cabin is verified by comparing the experimental results with the results of computer simulation. Then, taking the flat large space compartment of the LPD-17 class amphibious attack ship of San Antonio class as the research object, the fire heat flow field in the cabin is studied numerically, and the tail dock gate and the ventilation in the cabin are analyzed respectively. The influence of outside wind on the characteristics of fire heat flow field in cabin is discussed. Finally, the thermal damage caused by fire under different conditions is determined, and according to the characteristics of fire heat flow field in flat large space compartment, The corresponding smoke exhaust strategies for the opening and closing of the dock gate are proposed, and the effectiveness of the smoke exhaust strategy is verified. This work can provide some theoretical guidance for the fire characteristics of ship flat large space compartment, and also provide certain technical reference for fire response, smoke prevention and exhaust in ship flat large space compartment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U698.4;U664.88

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