發(fā)布時間：2018-03-10 17:04

  本文選題：交通微循環(huán)　切入點：交通組織優(yōu)化　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著街區(qū)制的推廣和已建住宅小區(qū)與單位大院的逐步打開,城市交通微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)將發(fā)揮越來越大的作用。目前,大多數(shù)城市交通微循環(huán)組織方案主要基于經(jīng)驗制定,導(dǎo)致微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的運行效率低下;微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的評價缺少完整的評價指標(biāo)體系,實際中使用干線道路評價指標(biāo),導(dǎo)致對微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)的實際運行效果評價不合理�；诖�,論文對微循環(huán)交通組織優(yōu)化模型和系統(tǒng)評價進行研究,以期為交通微循環(huán)的實施提供理論和方法指導(dǎo)。論文界定研究對象為區(qū)域性的、長期型的、機動車交通微循環(huán),在此基礎(chǔ)上展開研究。交通組織優(yōu)化模型方面,通過構(gòu)建無信號控制交叉口、兩相位信號控制交叉口和有左轉(zhuǎn)專用相位的信號控制交叉口的交通阻抗函數(shù),并與路段交通阻抗函數(shù)相結(jié)合,建立車輛行駛時間最小化函數(shù)。將其與平均飽和度最小化函數(shù)和環(huán)境影響最小化函數(shù)一并作為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),從單向交通和路口流向禁限兩個方面對路網(wǎng)交通組織進行優(yōu)化,建立上層以微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)交通組織方案為決策變量、下層以各路段和交叉口的交通流量為決策變量的雙層規(guī)劃模型。針對模型的結(jié)構(gòu)和特點,設(shè)計遺傳算法求解,并進行算例分析驗證。同時,在算例分析的微循環(huán)路網(wǎng)中加入機關(guān)大院的影響,分析拆除圍墻前后、交通組織優(yōu)化前后四種組合情景的交通狀況,發(fā)現(xiàn)拆除圍墻后交通組織優(yōu)化后的交通運行狀況最佳,表明開放機關(guān)大院可以在很大程度上緩解城市交通擁堵。微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)評價方面,論文利用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析法和主成分賦權(quán)法對評價指標(biāo)進行篩選,建立交通微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)評價指標(biāo)體系。鑒于模糊綜合評價中隸屬函數(shù)較難確定,論文利用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析法確定模糊綜合評價中各指標(biāo)的隸屬度,建立交通微循環(huán)模糊綜合評價模型。論文最后以平頂山市凌云路、礦工路、光明路和建設(shè)路圍合區(qū)域為例進行交通組織優(yōu)化方案設(shè)計和微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)評價,評價結(jié)果顯示交通組織優(yōu)化后的微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)實施效果位于良好的水平,驗證了本文所建交通微循環(huán)組織優(yōu)化模型和算法的有效性。研究構(gòu)建了交通組織優(yōu)化模型和交通微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)評價指標(biāo)體系,使微循環(huán)交通組織方案的設(shè)計和評價指標(biāo)的確定更加科學(xué)合理;算例中對開放機關(guān)大院前后交通狀況的分析,支撐了我國推廣街區(qū)制、逐步打開已建住宅小區(qū)和單位大院的政策。
[Abstract]:With the popularization of block system and the gradual opening of residential district and unit compound, urban traffic microcirculation system will play a more and more important role. At present, most urban traffic microcirculation organization programs are mainly based on experience. The evaluation of microcirculation system lacks a complete evaluation index system, and the use of trunk road evaluation index in practice leads to unreasonable evaluation of the actual operation effect of microcirculation system. In order to provide theoretical and methodological guidance for the implementation of traffic microcirculation, the paper defines the research object as regional, long-term, motor vehicle traffic microcirculation. In traffic organization optimization model, the traffic impedance function of signal-controlled intersection, two-phase signal-controlled intersection and signal-controlled intersection with left-turn phase is constructed. Combined with the road traffic impedance function, the vehicle travel time minimization function is established, which is combined with the mean saturation minimization function and the environmental impact minimization function as the optimization objective. The traffic organization of the road network is optimized from the aspects of one-way traffic and the restriction of intersection flow, and the upper layer is established with the traffic organization scheme of microcirculation system as the decision variable. A bilevel programming model with the traffic flow of each section and intersection as the decision variable at the lower level. According to the structure and characteristics of the model, genetic algorithm is designed to solve it, and an example is given to verify it. By adding the influence of the organ compound to the microcirculation network, the traffic conditions of the four combination scenarios before and after the removal of the wall and before and after the traffic organization optimization are analyzed. It is found that the traffic operation condition after the optimization of the traffic organization after the removal of the fence is the best. It shows that the open office compound can alleviate the traffic congestion to a great extent. In the aspect of microcirculation system evaluation, the paper uses the grey relational analysis method and the principal component weighting method to screen the evaluation index. The evaluation index system of traffic microcirculation system is established. In view of the difficulty of determining membership function in fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the membership degree of each index in fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is determined by grey relational analysis method. Finally, taking Lingyun Road, miners Road, Guangming Road and Construction Road as examples, traffic organization optimization scheme design and microcirculation system evaluation are carried out. The evaluation results show that the effect of the microcirculation system after traffic organization optimization is at a good level. The validity of the model and algorithm of traffic microcirculation organization optimization is verified. The traffic organization optimization model and the evaluation index system of traffic microcirculation system are constructed. It makes the design of microcirculation traffic organization scheme and the determination of evaluation index more scientific and reasonable. The analysis of traffic situation before and after the open organ compound in the calculation case supports the popularization of block system in our country. Open gradually the policy of building residential district and unit compound.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U491

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