本文關(guān)鍵詞： 公共自行車 租賃點 Floyd算法 自行車調(diào)配 混合遺傳算法　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：城市交通機動化帶來了越來越嚴重的環(huán)境和社會問題。建立公共自行車系統(tǒng)可以有效地解決城市交通“最后一公里”問題,而且公共自行車是一種綠色交通方式,對降低城市交通碳排放有重要作用,所以國內(nèi)外都很重視公共自行車系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用和相關(guān)研究,對于自行車系統(tǒng)、租賃點布局以及車輛調(diào)配方面的問題也進行了相關(guān)研究。 論文首先介紹了國內(nèi)城市交通發(fā)展的突出問題,介紹了國外三代公共自行車系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展以及其在國內(nèi)城市的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,闡明了公共自行車運營調(diào)配研究的重要意義。其次,介紹了國內(nèi)外在公共自行車系統(tǒng)及運營調(diào)配方面的理論研究現(xiàn)狀,并對研究現(xiàn)狀的特點和不足做了充分的總結(jié),進而提出本文的研究內(nèi)容,并制定論文的技術(shù)路線。然后進行了公共自行車系統(tǒng)分析以及闡述了調(diào)配問題的基本理論。最后在總結(jié)國內(nèi)外研究的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了系統(tǒng)中租賃點間最短路徑的求解方法和多車場公共自行車調(diào)配模型,并設(shè)計算法對模型進行求解。論文的最后部分是通過實際算例,驗證該方法的可行性,得到公共自行車調(diào)配方案,并做了相關(guān)的對比分析。 論文工作主要體現(xiàn)在： (1)實地調(diào)研了北京市公共自行車租賃點及車場,得出相關(guān)租賃點高峰平峰時段租還車量,在研究租賃點調(diào)配需求影響因素時也調(diào)研了租賃點的步行覆蓋距離等數(shù)據(jù)。 (2)剖析了自行車調(diào)配車輛在租賃站間的行駛特征,根據(jù)各路口簡單鄰接矩陣以及各租賃點在系統(tǒng)中的位置,依據(jù)這兩方面的數(shù)據(jù)和Floyd算法得到系統(tǒng)中任意兩點間的最短路徑。 (3)根據(jù)自行車調(diào)配的實際情況,在幾個方面改進了模型,一是模型適用性,本文建立的是多調(diào)配車場的公共自行車調(diào)配模型,該模型較易轉(zhuǎn)換為單車場,在案例分析中針對單車場和多車場進行了對比分析；二是在模型的約束以及目標函數(shù)的設(shè)定上,如設(shè)置滿意度函數(shù)時,在本文設(shè)置為單側(cè)時間窗等,更加貼合實際。 (4)調(diào)研北京市亦莊公共自行車租賃點的數(shù)量以及各租賃點的庫存情況,設(shè)置一定的參數(shù),將模型應(yīng)用到實際問題中,并得到調(diào)配方案,對單車場與多車場調(diào)配成本及滿意度對比分析。
[Abstract]:The motorization of urban traffic has brought more and more serious environmental and social problems. The establishment of a public bicycle system can effectively solve the "last kilometer" problem of urban traffic, and public bicycle is a green mode of transportation. It plays an important role in reducing the carbon emission of urban traffic, so the application and related research of public bicycle system are attached great importance to at home and abroad, and the problems of bicycle system, rental point layout and vehicle allocation are also studied. The paper first introduces the outstanding problems of the development of domestic urban transportation, introduces the development of the third generation public bicycle system abroad and its development status in the domestic cities, and expounds the significance of the research on the operation and deployment of the public bicycle. This paper introduces the present situation of the theoretical research on the public bicycle system and its operation and deployment at home and abroad, and summarizes the characteristics and shortcomings of the research situation, and then puts forward the research contents of this paper. The technical route of the paper is drawn up. Then the system analysis of public bicycle and the basic theory of the allocation problem are described. Finally, on the basis of summarizing the research at home and abroad, The method of solving the shortest path between lease points and the model of public bicycle allocation in multi-yard are established, and the algorithm is designed to solve the model. Finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by a practical example. Get the public bicycle allocation scheme, and do the relevant comparative analysis. The work of the thesis is mainly reflected in:. 1) based on the field investigation of Beijing public bicycle rental site and car yard, the volume of rental and return at peak peak and peak period is obtained, and the data such as walking coverage distance of rental point are also investigated when the factors affecting the demand for allocation of rental point are studied. In this paper, the driving characteristics of bicycle allocation vehicles between rental stations are analyzed. According to the simple adjacent matrix of each intersection and the location of each lease point in the system, the shortest path between any two points in the system is obtained according to the data from these two aspects and the Floyd algorithm. According to the actual situation of bicycle deployment, the model is improved in several aspects. One is the applicability of the model. In the case analysis, the author makes a comparative analysis between the single car yard and the multi-car yard. Second, the model constraints and the setting of the objective function, such as setting the satisfaction function, are more suitable to the reality in this paper, such as setting the one-sided time window and so on. 4) investigating the number of public bicycle rental points and the stock situation of each rental point in Beijing, setting up certain parameters, applying the model to practical problems, and getting the allocation scheme. Compare and analyze the cost and satisfaction of bicycle yard and multi-car yard.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.225;U491.17

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本文編號：1526120