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多年凍土區(qū)公路路基病害分析與處治對策研究

發(fā)布時間:2018-02-23 04:06

  本文關(guān)鍵詞: 多年凍土 融化夾層 年平均地溫 融沉變形 路基高度 凍融循環(huán) 回彈模量 含水率 片塊石路基 出處:《長安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文


【摘要】:青藏公路穿越550多公里生態(tài)環(huán)境惡劣、地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜的高原多年凍土地區(qū),公路沿線發(fā)育著融沉、波浪、縱向裂縫等特有的病害,嚴(yán)重影響著公路的安全、舒適運營。本文針對上述病害,以多年凍土區(qū)路基病害調(diào)查、數(shù)值模擬和理論分析、室內(nèi)試驗和野外試驗為主要研究手段,對路基病害進行了深入的研究,并提出了相應(yīng)的處治對策。主要開展了以下幾個方面的研究: (1)利用歷次青藏公路病害調(diào)查資料,對多年凍土地區(qū)公路路基病害進行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果表明:凍土路基下融化夾層厚度隨多年凍土年平均地溫的升高而增大,融化夾層厚度隨年平均地溫的變化率隨地溫的升高而加快,融化夾層厚度與路基高度的關(guān)系呈凹形拋物線;沉陷、波浪病害隨年平均地溫的升高呈先增大后減少的趨勢,路肩和邊坡部位填料經(jīng)歷凍融循環(huán)作用后壓實度損失嚴(yán)重,路基填土內(nèi)部含水率增大,總體上沉陷、波浪病害隨路基下伏多年凍土含冰量的增加而增大;縱向裂縫隨路基下伏多年凍土含冰量的增加而增大;翻漿主要出現(xiàn)在深季節(jié)多年凍土區(qū),在高溫多年凍土區(qū)也偶有發(fā)現(xiàn)。 (2)應(yīng)用熱力耦合模型對多年凍土區(qū)路基溫度場、變形場開展數(shù)值模擬研究,得到如下結(jié)論:多年凍土區(qū)路基變形在相同路基高度時,隨年平均地溫的升高而增大,在相同年平均地溫時,隨路基高度的升高而減;路基產(chǎn)生變形的主要原因是路基下伏多年凍土升溫導(dǎo)致的退化;對比0℃、-1.5℃等溫線位置與形態(tài),發(fā)現(xiàn)不管對于哪種地溫類型的多年凍土,,通過提高路基高度來維護路基下伏多年凍土長期穩(wěn)定性效果不明顯;當(dāng)路基高度為4m時,凍融循環(huán)作用造成路基填土的變形達到1.5cm左右,路基填料部分土體經(jīng)凍融循環(huán)作用后強度衰減不容忽視。 (3)針對高原多年凍土地區(qū)路基填料常見的凍融酥松現(xiàn)象,開展不同粉黏粒含量、不同含水率填料的凍融循環(huán)試驗,研究凍融循環(huán)作用和含水率對路基土回彈模量的影響。試驗結(jié)果表明:粉黏粒摻量大于15%時,回彈模量衰減規(guī)律基本類似,高含水率時,一、二次凍融循環(huán)作用后回彈模量衰減劇烈,而后衰減趨勢變緩,直至穩(wěn)定,低含水率試件衰減的較為均勻;12%粉黏粒摻量試件在含水率高時,衰減規(guī)律類似摻量大于15%的低含水率試件,12%粉黏粒摻量低含水率試件和9%粉黏粒摻量試件在經(jīng)歷多次凍融循環(huán)作用后,衰減已不明顯;經(jīng)歷同等次數(shù)凍融循環(huán)作用后,20%、15%和12%粉黏粒摻量試件回彈模量隨含水率的增大而減小,9%粉黏粒摻量試件回彈模量變化相對不是很明顯;粉黏粒含量、含水率和凍融循環(huán)作用三種因素對粗粒土回彈模量的影響均不可忽視。 (4)對片塊石路基實體工程試驗結(jié)果進行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)片塊石路基能夠有效消除路基下伏的融化夾層,在同一深度處片塊石路基地溫明顯低于普通路基,很好地保護了下伏多年凍土,同時,通過對5年的地溫觀測數(shù)據(jù)分析,片塊石路基下凍土相比普通路基推遲融化近一個月,提前回凍一個月,片塊石路基下多年凍土融化速率和升溫速率明顯比普通路基慢,片塊石路基有效抵御了黑色路面吸熱作用和全球氣候變暖對路基下多年凍土擾動的影響。 (5)通過對前面的分析,提出合理選擇路基填料和采用片塊石路基進行處治的對策。為減少路基填土經(jīng)凍融循環(huán)作用產(chǎn)生的變形,提出路基填料粉黏粒含量應(yīng)在15%以內(nèi)的建議,同時必須做好路基排水工作,對于高溫、高含冰量和地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜的地區(qū),應(yīng)把粉黏粒含量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高至12%以下;為減少因多年凍土地溫升高造成的融沉變形,提出片塊石路基的處治對策,保護路基下伏多年凍土,并經(jīng)過青藏公路近11年的運營,證實了片塊石路基的優(yōu)良效果。
[Abstract]:The Qinghai - Tibet Highway crosses over 550 km of ecological environment and complex geological conditions , and is characterized by thaw settlement , wave , longitudinal crack and so on , which seriously affects the safety and comfort operation of the highway . In this paper , the main research methods of subgrade disease investigation , numerical simulation and theoretical analysis , indoor test and field test are carried out in permafrost regions . ( 1 ) Based on the investigation data of the disease of Qinghai - Tibet highway , the results show that the thickness of the thaw interlayer increases with the increase of the annual average ground temperature , and the thickness of the thaw interlayer increases with the increase of the ground temperature . ( 2 ) The thermal coupling model is applied to simulate the temperature field and deformation field of roadbed in permafrost regions . ( 3 ) The effects of freeze - thaw cycle and moisture content on the rebound modulus of subgrade soil were studied . The results showed that the decay law of elastic modulus after repeated freeze - thaw cycles was similar to that of 15 % . ( 4 ) According to the analysis of the test results of the block stone roadbed entity engineering , it is found that the block stone roadbed can effectively eliminate the thaw interlayer under the roadbed , the temperature of the block stone road base at the same depth is obviously lower than that of the ordinary roadbed , the lower volt permafrost is well protected , and meanwhile , the permafrost thawing rate and the temperature rise rate of the block stone roadbed are obviously slower than that of the common roadbed by the ground temperature observation data analysis of five years , and the block stone roadbed effectively resists the influence of the heat absorption of the black pavement and the influence of the global warming on the disturbance of permafrost under the roadbed . ( 5 ) In order to reduce the deformation caused by freeze - thaw cycling , it is suggested that the clay content of subgrade filler should be within 15 % . In order to reduce the thaw settlement caused by high temperature , high ice content and complex geological conditions , it is necessary to raise the clay content standard to less than 12 % . In order to reduce the thaw settlement caused by the temperature rise of permafrost , this paper puts forward the treatment strategy of block stone roadbed , protects the permafrost under the roadbed , and passes the operation of Qinghai - Tibet Highway for nearly 11 years .

【學(xué)位授予單位】:長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:U416.1

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 楊海蓉;多年凍土地區(qū)防治路基融化了沉及提高其穩(wěn)定性的措施[J];冰川凍土;1985年01期

2 朱林楠;高原凍土區(qū)不同下墊面的附面層研究[J];冰川凍土;1988年01期

3 盛煜,劉永智,張建明,武a濟

本文編號:1526083


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