本文關(guān)鍵詞： 航道整治 高灘守護(hù) 護(hù)岸 水槽試驗(yàn) 護(hù)灘帶 植草格　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：長(zhǎng)江干線橫穿我國(guó)東、中、西部地區(qū)，素有“黃金水道”之稱，三峽工程蓄水以后，中下游沙質(zhì)河段受來(lái)沙減少的影響，高灘崩退普遍發(fā)生，成為造成河道展寬，淺灘惡化的主要影響因素之一。為充分發(fā)揮長(zhǎng)江“黃金水道”的效益，近年來(lái)長(zhǎng)江中下游廣泛實(shí)施航道整治工程中的高灘守護(hù)工程。高灘守護(hù)工程是穩(wěn)定灘槽格局，改善航道條件的有效手段，但由于長(zhǎng)江中下游岸坡組成松散，在明流頂沖條件下，穩(wěn)定性極差，雖然近些年來(lái)工程結(jié)構(gòu)一直在不斷改進(jìn)，但守護(hù)工程設(shè)計(jì)的難度仍較高，選擇合適的研究手段，開(kāi)展高灘守護(hù)工程方案的優(yōu)化研究工作，意義重大。本研究以長(zhǎng)江中游大馬洲水道的丙寅洲高灘為例，開(kāi)展了明流頂沖條件下高灘守護(hù)工程的研究。 近年來(lái)大馬洲水道內(nèi)丙寅洲高灘受水流頂沖持續(xù)崩退，引起了主流的擺動(dòng)，水道內(nèi)淺灘形態(tài)交錯(cuò)發(fā)展，航道條件近年來(lái)急劇惡化，實(shí)施丙寅洲高灘守護(hù)工程是十分必要的。該守護(hù)工程不僅需要確保高灘的穩(wěn)定，還兼具對(duì)主流擺動(dòng)的控制，更加值得注意的是，丙寅洲高灘灘面高程相對(duì)較低，，還應(yīng)考慮洪水期灘面的保護(hù)，因此，有必要對(duì)一般性的護(hù)岸工程結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行針對(duì)性的優(yōu)化后再行應(yīng)用。 通過(guò)建立了丙寅洲高灘局部概化模型，采取模型左側(cè)動(dòng)邊界、進(jìn)口格柵墻及轉(zhuǎn)流屏控制局部模型的水流條件，完成了多級(jí)流量的相似性驗(yàn)證，可滿足方案優(yōu)化的需要。研究表明，高灘守護(hù)工程水下護(hù)底邊緣通過(guò)排上壓載，設(shè)置防沖石，預(yù)設(shè)備填石等方式，能夠有效確保排體邊緣的穩(wěn)定；從控制河道深泓向丙寅洲一側(cè)擺動(dòng)并遏制淺灘交錯(cuò)發(fā)展的不利態(tài)勢(shì)這一角度，大幅加寬護(hù)底排寬度，效果更好。但外灘灘面與高灘后方銜接處在天然情況下容易發(fā)生局部沖刷，還需要進(jìn)一步的守護(hù)措施。 通過(guò)對(duì)丙寅洲外灘概化水槽模型，研究不同護(hù)灘帶、植草格生態(tài)護(hù)灘守護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)灘面沖刷的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，在主汛期流量灘面U/Uc比值較小時(shí)，采取低矮壩高、小間距的護(hù)灘帶結(jié)構(gòu)，基本滿足守護(hù)要求；在外灘灘面流速較大的區(qū)域，采取植草格全守護(hù)的生態(tài)護(hù)灘措施，對(duì)局部流場(chǎng)的干擾小，灘面守護(hù)效果較好。另外，即使是過(guò)流相對(duì)較弱的高灘灘面，護(hù)岸工程坎頂邊緣與原灘面銜接位置由于工程擾動(dòng)產(chǎn)生了集中流速，也會(huì)發(fā)生較為明顯的沖刷，應(yīng)采取散拋片石守護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)灘面工程的邊緣進(jìn)行保護(hù)。本項(xiàng)研究成果在丙寅洲高灘守護(hù)工程的設(shè)計(jì)中得到了較好的應(yīng)用，且具備一定的推廣價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The main line of the Yangtze River crosses the east, middle and west of China, known as the "Golden Waterway". After the three Gorges Project impounded, the middle and lower reaches of the sandy river are affected by the decrease of the sediment, and the collapse of the high beach is common. It has become one of the main influencing factors of river widening and shoal deterioration. In order to give full play to the benefit of the "golden waterway" of the Yangtze River. In recent years, the high beach guarding project has been widely implemented in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which is an effective means to stabilize the beach channel pattern and improve the waterway condition, but because of the loose composition of the bank slope in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The stability is extremely poor under the condition of open-flow roof impact. Although the engineering structure has been continuously improved in recent years, it is still difficult to design the guardian engineering, and the appropriate research means are chosen. It is of great significance to carry out the optimization research work of the high beach protection project. This study takes the Boyinzhou high beach in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River as an example to carry out the research on the high beach protection project under the condition of open current roof scouring. In recent years, the Boyinzhou high beach in the Damazhou waterway has been continuously collapsing and retreating by the top of the current, which has caused the mainstream swinging, the shoal shape in the channel has interlaced and developed, and the waterway conditions have deteriorated sharply in recent years. It is necessary to carry out the high beach protection project of Boyinzhou, which not only needs to ensure the stability of the high beach, but also has the control of the mainstream swinging. It is more noteworthy that the elevation of the high beach is relatively low. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the general revetment structure and then apply it. By setting up the local generalized model of Boyinzhou high beach, adopting the moving boundary on the left side of the model, the flow condition of the inlet grille wall and the local model controlled by the turret, the similarity verification of multistage flow is completed. It can meet the needs of the optimization of the project. The research shows that the stability of the outfall edge can be effectively ensured by discharging ballast, setting the anti-flushing stone and filling the stone with pre-equipment in the underwater protecting bottom edge of the Gaotan Guardian Project. From the point of view of controlling the river channel deep wobble to one side of Boyin Island and restraining the unfavorable situation of the shoal interlaced development, the width of protecting bottom row is greatly widened. The effect is better. However, it is easy to occur local scour when the bund surface is connected with the high beach in the natural situation, and further protective measures are needed. Based on the generalized flume model of Bund in Boyinzhou, this paper studies the effect of ecological beach guard structure on beach surface erosion in different beach protection zones. The experiment shows that the ratio of U / U c is small in the main flood season. Adopt low dam height, small spacing beach protection belt structure, basically meet the requirements of protection; In the area where the velocity of velocity on the Bund surface is high, the ecological beach protection measures of planting grass grid are adopted, the disturbance of local flow field is small, and the protective effect of beach surface is better. In addition, even the higher beach surface with relatively weak overcurrent is adopted. Because of the concentrated velocity produced by the engineering disturbance, there will be more obvious scour in the connecting position between the top edge of the bank and the original beach surface of the revetment project. The edge of the beach surface engineering should be protected by the scattered stone daemon structure. This research result has been applied well in the design of the high beach guard project in Boyinzhou and has certain popularizing value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U617

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王紹瑛;鋼筋混凝土連鎖板塊在永定河護(hù)險(xiǎn)工程上的應(yīng)用[J];北京水利;1997年03期

2 湯樹(shù)華;付兵;;格賓石籠網(wǎng)在水毀河道修復(fù)應(yīng)急工程中的應(yīng)用[J];廣東水利水電;2012年06期

3 李一勛，黃國(guó)強(qiáng);航道整治工程土工布護(hù)底材料及施工工藝的研究[J];長(zhǎng)沙交通學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);1996年03期

4 郭蔚華;徐靈華;王柱;;桃花溪植被重建的環(huán)�！坝^效果協(xié)調(diào)的植物配比[J];土木建筑與環(huán)境工程;2011年S1期

5 盛蓉;潘明華;;自嵌式加筋擋土墻在河道整治工程中的運(yùn)用[J];江蘇水利;2007年08期

6 凌繼華;;三維排水柔性生態(tài)袋護(hù)坡在邊坡防護(hù)中的應(yīng)用[J];內(nèi)蒙古水利;2010年04期

7 彭瑞善;論變態(tài)動(dòng)床河工模型及變率的影響[J];泥沙研究;1986年04期

8 王寶林;;隆回縣坡改梯埂坎防護(hù)技術(shù)探討[J];湖南水利水電;2008年04期

9 葉獻(xiàn)國(guó);張煜;種迅;蔣慶;黃小坤;劉剛;;高強(qiáng)鋼筋高強(qiáng)混凝土簡(jiǎn)支梁抗剪試驗(yàn)研究[J];建筑結(jié)構(gòu);2013年08期

10 張俊華,張紅武;黃河河工模型研究回顧與展望[J];人民黃河;2000年09期

本文編號(hào)：1464193