本文關(guān)鍵詞：面向可持續(xù)發(fā)展的交通信號配時(shí)優(yōu)化研究　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 交通信號配時(shí) 多目標(biāo)雙層規(guī)劃問題 環(huán)境和能源可持續(xù) 公平性問題 公交優(yōu)先 預(yù)信號 罰函數(shù)方法 模擬退火

【摘要】：交通信號控制是城市交通系統(tǒng)中非常重要的組成部分。現(xiàn)有的相關(guān)研究主要側(cè)重于緩解交通擁堵、減少交通延誤和提高車輛通行能力等問題。近年來,全球變暖、能源短缺等問題嚴(yán)重影響到人類的生存環(huán)境,而交通問題是其重要來源。建立一個高效同時(shí)兼顧環(huán)境和能源因素的交通信號控制系統(tǒng)是發(fā)展可持續(xù)交通系統(tǒng)的重要內(nèi)容,也是當(dāng)前我國交通規(guī)劃管理部門迫切需要解決的問題,具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文在分析國內(nèi)外交通信號控制研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,將環(huán)境和能源因素納入到交通信號控制策略中,對面向可持續(xù)發(fā)展的信號配時(shí)問題開展了系統(tǒng)深入的研究。研究內(nèi)容主要包括： 首先,研究了考慮環(huán)境和公平性因素的信號配時(shí)優(yōu)化問題。論文首次揭示了交通信號配時(shí)問題背后可能誘發(fā)的不公平現(xiàn)象,提出了一個明確地考慮公平性問題的交通信號配時(shí)多目標(biāo)雙層規(guī)劃模型。上層問題是尋求道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)備用容量最大化,以及道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)中交通排放總量最小化。下層模型為考慮了車輛在信號控制交叉口延誤的確定性用戶均衡問題。由于兩個目標(biāo)的單位不一致,不能直接求和運(yùn)算,提出了將不可通約的目標(biāo)函數(shù)化為同一單位的方法,設(shè)計(jì)了一個在模擬退火算法中嵌入罰函數(shù)法的求解算法。結(jié)果表明儲備容量擴(kuò)張和綠信比的變化對網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量分布和網(wǎng)絡(luò)交通排放量具有顯著的影響。 其次,建立了面向能源可持續(xù)和考慮異質(zhì)用戶行為的信號配時(shí)優(yōu)化模型。模型綜合考慮了兩類局中人(信號設(shè)計(jì)者和道路使用者)與交通信號設(shè)置和能源政策(燃油附加費(fèi))之間的相互作用,以及異質(zhì)用戶的路徑選擇行為差異。提出了考慮信號交叉口延誤和彈性出行需求的多類用戶隨機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)均衡問題,并表述為一個等價(jià)的變分不等式問題,交通信號設(shè)計(jì)者通過優(yōu)化交通信號配時(shí)和燃油附加費(fèi),來提高交通系統(tǒng)的社會福利。設(shè)計(jì)了一個基于模擬退火的求解算法來求解該模型。結(jié)果表明,燃油附加費(fèi)政策的實(shí)施會引起空間和社會不公平性問題。 最后,對面向環(huán)境和能源可持續(xù)發(fā)展的公交優(yōu)先預(yù)信號設(shè)置問題開展了研究。在保證公交優(yōu)先的同時(shí),分別以降低燃油消耗和車輛尾氣排放為目標(biāo)進(jìn)行信號配時(shí)優(yōu)化。分析研究了預(yù)信號設(shè)置的布局方法、主信號與預(yù)信號之間的協(xié)調(diào)關(guān)系、預(yù)信號設(shè)置前后的延誤分析和燃油消耗以及尾氣排放物的變化規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明預(yù)信號設(shè)置能夠使人均延誤減少,同時(shí)能使公交車輛的燃油消耗和尾氣排放降低,但是社會車輛的燃油消耗和尾氣排放有所增加；通過優(yōu)化公交優(yōu)先交叉口預(yù)信號配時(shí),可以找到使整個交叉口的燃油消耗(或尾氣排放)最低的信號配時(shí)。 本文研究成果可為相關(guān)部門設(shè)計(jì)一個面向可持續(xù)發(fā)展的綠色城市交通信號系統(tǒng)提供有力工具,從而促進(jìn)交通系統(tǒng)與環(huán)境和能源系統(tǒng)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Traffic signal control is a very important part of urban traffic system. The existing research focuses on alleviating traffic congestion, reducing traffic delay and improving vehicle capacity. Global warming, energy shortage and other problems seriously affect the human living environment. Traffic problem is an important source. It is an important content of developing sustainable traffic system to establish a traffic signal control system which takes environmental and energy factors into account. It is also an urgent problem to be solved by the traffic planning and management department in China, which has important theoretical and practical significance. This paper analyzes the current situation of traffic signal control research at home and abroad. The environmental and energy factors are integrated into the traffic signal control strategy, and the sustainable development oriented signal timing problem is studied systematically and deeply. The main contents of the research are as follows: Firstly, the signal timing optimization problem considering the environment and fairness factors is studied. For the first time, this paper reveals the unfair phenomenon that may be induced by the traffic signal timing problem. This paper presents a multi-objective bilevel programming model for traffic signal timing, which explicitly considers fairness. The upper level problem is to maximize the standby capacity of road networks. The lower model considers the deterministic user equilibrium problem of vehicle delay at signal-controlled intersection. Because the units of the two objectives are not consistent, it can not be directly calculated. A method of converting irreducible objective function into the same unit is proposed. In this paper, a penalty function algorithm embedded in simulated annealing algorithm is designed. The results show that the expansion of reserve capacity and the change of green letter ratio have significant effects on the network traffic distribution and network traffic emissions. Second. A signal timing optimization model for energy sustainability and consideration of heterogeneous user behavior is established. The model synthesizes two categories of people (signal designers and road users) and traffic signal settings and energy policies (. Fuel surcharge). Considering the delay of signalized intersections and the demand of flexible travel, the stochastic network equalization problem of multi-class users is proposed, which is described as an equivalent variational inequality problem. Traffic signal designers improve the social welfare of transportation system by optimizing traffic signal timing and fuel surcharge. A simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the model. The implementation of fuel surcharge policy will cause space and social unfairness. Finally, the problem of bus priority pre-signal setting for the sustainable development of environment and energy is studied, which ensures the priority of public transport at the same time. Aiming at reducing fuel consumption and vehicle exhaust emission respectively, the signal timing optimization is carried out. The layout method of pre-signal setting and the coordination relationship between main signal and pre-signal are analyzed and studied. The results show that the pre-signal setting can reduce the per capita delay. At the same time, the fuel consumption and exhaust emission of public transport vehicles can be reduced, but the fuel consumption and exhaust emissions of social vehicles have increased. By optimizing the pre-signal matching at the bus priority intersection, the signal timing with the lowest fuel consumption (or exhaust emission) can be found. The research results in this paper can provide a powerful tool for the relevant departments to design a green urban traffic signal system for sustainable development, thus promoting the coordinated development of the transportation system with the environment and energy system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.54

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