本文關(guān)鍵詞：大跨度淺埋隧道下穿文保建筑群爆破減震技術(shù)研究　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：爆破技術(shù)不只是被用于開(kāi)山采礦業(yè)，同樣在隧道、地鐵、公路、大壩等土木工程項(xiàng)目中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。我國(guó)的鐵路交通事業(yè)發(fā)展越來(lái)越快，城市軌道交通已然成為大城市的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。從工藝技術(shù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)兩方面考慮，硬巖地區(qū)地鐵隧道開(kāi)挖選擇鉆爆法開(kāi)挖最為合理，但是隧道爆破產(chǎn)生的地震效應(yīng)會(huì)對(duì)地表建筑造成危害。因此，正確處理爆破震動(dòng)控制與工程效率之間的矛盾，己成為隧道爆破施工的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題之一。 本文依托青島地鐵青島火車(chē)站至人民會(huì)堂站下穿文保建筑群隧道掘進(jìn)爆破工程為背景。青人區(qū)間上方兩側(cè)保存了大量德占時(shí)期的文保建筑，歷史大多是在一百年左右。這些文保建筑大都年久失修，抗震等級(jí)低，因此對(duì)爆破震動(dòng)控制要求較為嚴(yán)格。 通過(guò)理論分析與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)相結(jié)合，對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析，不斷修改爆破參數(shù)，制定合理安全的爆破計(jì)劃，以確保地鐵隧道安全下穿文保建筑群。在大量爆破試驗(yàn)和監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合數(shù)值模擬研究爆破地震波衰減規(guī)律及綜合減震措施的減震效果，主要進(jìn)行了以下幾個(gè)方面工作： (1)對(duì)這些文保建筑進(jìn)行鑒定評(píng)估，根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)外爆破震動(dòng)控制安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，結(jié)合青島實(shí)際施工環(huán)境，制定相應(yīng)的爆破振速安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)； (2)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)爆破振動(dòng)測(cè)試，并實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)地表振動(dòng)速度。對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行回歸分析，得出青人區(qū)間隧道巖層的薩道夫斯基公式的K、 α值，得到隧道開(kāi)挖過(guò)程中爆破震動(dòng)在巖層中的傳播規(guī)律； (3)為確保隧道安全下穿文保建筑群，通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)確定合理的減震爆破方法，并在實(shí)際下穿文保建筑時(shí)，，認(rèn)真做好地面振動(dòng)速度數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)； (4)采用顯式動(dòng)力分析有限元軟件ANSYS/LS-DYNA3D對(duì)實(shí)際隧道爆破工程中的掏槽及周?chē)谱用姹七M(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬，進(jìn)行爆破振動(dòng)速度的時(shí)程分析，評(píng)價(jià)爆破方案的安全性。
[Abstract]:Blasting technology is not only used in mining, but also widely used in tunnel, subway, highway, dam and other civil engineering projects. Urban rail transit has become a trend of development in large cities. Considering both technology and economy, drilling and blasting method is the most reasonable method to excavate subway tunnels in hard rock area. However, the seismic effect caused by tunnel blasting will cause harm to surface buildings. Therefore, correctly handling the contradiction between blasting vibration control and engineering efficiency has become one of the key problems in tunnel blasting construction. This paper relies on Qingdao Metro Qingdao Railway Station to the people's Hall Station under the civil insurance construction group tunneling blasting engineering. The top of the Qingren section on both sides of the preservation of a large number of German occupation period of civil insurance buildings. Most of the history is about a hundred years. Most of these buildings are in disrepair and low seismic grade, so the control of blasting vibration is very strict. Through the combination of theoretical analysis and field test, the field monitoring data are analyzed, the blasting parameters are constantly modified, and a reasonable and safe blasting plan is worked out. In order to ensure the safety of subway tunnel through civil and protective buildings. On the basis of a large number of blasting test and monitoring data, combined with numerical simulation, the attenuation law of blasting seismic wave and the effect of comprehensive damping measures are studied. The main work has been done in the following areas: 1) appraising and evaluating these civil insurance buildings, according to the safety standards of blasting vibration control at home and abroad and combining with the actual construction environment in Qingdao, the corresponding safety standards of blasting vibration speed are worked out. The field blasting vibration test and the real time monitoring of the surface vibration velocity are carried out. By regression analysis of the monitoring data, the value K, 偽 of the Sadolski formula of the rock strata of the Qingren tunnel is obtained. The propagation law of blasting vibration in rock strata during tunnel excavation is obtained. (3) in order to ensure the safety of the tunnel, the reasonable blasting method is determined by field test, and the real time monitoring of ground vibration velocity data is done carefully when the civil protection building is passed through in practice. 4) numerical simulation of cutting blasting and surrounding face blasting in actual tunnel blasting engineering is carried out by using explicit dynamic analysis finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA3D. The time history analysis of blasting vibration velocity is carried out to evaluate the safety of blasting scheme.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U455.6;TU-87

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