本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于機(jī)器視覺(jué)的鋼箱梁虛擬裝配系統(tǒng)　出處：《濟(jì)南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 機(jī)器視覺(jué) 鋼箱梁虛擬裝配 子圖像矯正 裝配面拼接 裝配誤差檢測(cè)

【摘要】：為滿足巨大承受力功能的需求,工程中越來(lái)越多的使用鋼箱梁鋼結(jié)構(gòu),鋼材作為一種性能優(yōu)越的彈塑性材料,在大跨度橋梁體系中廣泛運(yùn)用。而對(duì)于大型鋼箱梁的預(yù)拼裝工作,大多數(shù)是采用人工參與完成操作的,即在工作平臺(tái)中利用吊車將兩個(gè)鋼箱梁吊起對(duì)接,工作人員鉆入鋼箱梁內(nèi),利用螺栓、螺母等零件將兩個(gè)相互配合的鋼箱梁構(gòu)件組裝在一起,查看預(yù)裝配結(jié)果是否正確。若可以組合裝配在一起,則配合正確,并將預(yù)拼裝構(gòu)件拆除,重新吊起至大橋所需部位,將之與其他拼裝好的梁段裝配在一起;否則證實(shí)構(gòu)件在制作或運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中遭致?lián)p害而無(wú)法使用,需重新返廠加工。這不僅耗費(fèi)大量的勞動(dòng)力,還會(huì)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間、增加材料成本,同時(shí)降低鋼箱梁的使用壽命�；谏鲜鏊嬖诘膯�(wèn)題而言,提出一種高效、快速、方便的檢測(cè)方法就變得越來(lái)越重要。對(duì)此,近年來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)外很多學(xué)者也越來(lái)越關(guān)注與此相應(yīng)的圖像處理算法和硬件設(shè)施,同時(shí)基于工程實(shí)際需求,與濟(jì)齊黃河大橋建設(shè)指揮部合作,研究設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)系統(tǒng)來(lái)提高鋼箱梁的拼裝檢測(cè)速率,為此,本課題提出一種基于機(jī)器視覺(jué)的鋼箱梁虛擬裝配系統(tǒng),并在山東省的重點(diǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目---濟(jì)齊黃河公路大橋項(xiàng)目中成功應(yīng)用。該系統(tǒng)利用機(jī)器視覺(jué)技術(shù),即用機(jī)器代替人眼的功能,來(lái)掃描鋼箱梁平面獲取圖像信息,并進(jìn)行處理、理解、檢測(cè)和控制,另外,機(jī)器視覺(jué)技術(shù)在工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)、監(jiān)控、安防等檢測(cè)領(lǐng)域廣泛應(yīng)用,很大程度上緩解了人類勞動(dòng)力,提高了自動(dòng)化水平。該系統(tǒng)主要是對(duì)鋼箱梁的裝配面進(jìn)行圖像采集、識(shí)別分類、子圖像矯正、裝配面拼接、超大圖像存儲(chǔ)與顯示、拼裝誤差檢測(cè),最終以數(shù)據(jù)形式將拼裝結(jié)果展示于用戶,方便用戶查閱。基于機(jī)器視覺(jué)的鋼箱梁虛擬裝配系統(tǒng)代替了傳統(tǒng)的人工預(yù)拼裝方法,大大地降低了勞動(dòng)力,減少了場(chǎng)地的使用空間,提高了虛擬裝配精度和準(zhǔn)確度,切合工程所需要的精度,顯著提升了效率,應(yīng)用范圍較廣。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the needs of huge bearing capacity, more and more steel box girder steel structures are used in engineering. Steel is widely used in long-span bridge system as an excellent elastoplastic material. For the pre assembly work of large steel box girder, the majority is the use of artificial to participate in the completion of the operation, in which the working platform with two steel box girder crane will be lifted docking, the staff drill into the steel box girder, the bolt, nut and other parts will be two matched steel box girder components assembled together, to see whether the result is correct assembly. If can be assembled together, with the right, and the dismantling of pre assembled components, the new bridge lifted to the desired position, will be compared with other assembled girder assembled together; otherwise the component in the process of production or transportation that was caused by damage to the use, the need to return to factory processing. This not only takes a lot of labor, but also wastes time, increases the cost of material and reduces the service life of steel box girder. Based on the above problems, it is becoming more and more important to put forward an efficient, fast and convenient detection method. In this regard, in recent years, many domestic and foreign scholars are increasingly concerned about the image processing algorithms and hardware facilities accordingly, at the same time based on the actual needs of the project, in cooperation with the the Yellow River Zizi bridge construction headquarters, research and design of related system to improve the detection rate of the steel box girder is assembled, this, this paper presents a virtual assembly of machine vision system of steel box girder based on the successful application and key construction projects in Shandong Province - the Yellow River highway bridge project zizi. The system uses the machine vision technology, which uses machines to replace the human eye function, to scan the image information acquisition and flat steel box girder, processing, understanding, detection and control, in addition, extensive application of machine vision technology in the field of industry, agriculture, medicine, security monitoring, detection, largely alleviate human labor, improve the level of automation. The system mainly includes image acquisition, recognition and classification, sub image correction, assembly face splicing, super image storage and display, assembly error detection, and finally shows the assembly results to users in the form of data, which is convenient for users to consult. The steel box girder of virtual assembly system of machine vision instead of manual pre assembly based on traditional method, greatly reduces the labor, reduce the use of site space, improve the assembly precision and accuracy meet the engineering needs of accuracy, improve the efficiency, the range of application is wide.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U445.58;TP391.41

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