基于非局部理論的超聲振動磨削納米復相陶瓷損傷機理研究
[Abstract]:The poor machinability and low machining efficiency of difficult-to-machine materials (such as ceramics, titanium alloys, etc.) limit their application in industry. A large number of studies have proved that ultrasonic vibration grinding has higher material removal rate, lower grinding force, lower surface damage and higher machining accuracy, and so far, this processing method has been used. Based on the non-local theory, the micro-mechanism of ultrasonic and ZTA nano-composite ceramics is explored in this paper. The influence of ultrasonic excitation on the machining characteristics of nano-ceramic is studied from the aspects of constitutive properties, macro-mechanical properties and micro-morphology. The main contents of this paper are as follows: Considering the interaction between the intrinsic length of ZTA ceramics and the external ultrasonic wavelength, a non-local constitutive model under ultrasonic vibration is established by introducing the non-local theory. The dispersion characteristics of ultrasonic P-wave and S-wave in ceramic materials are analyzed. The relationship between wave velocity and frequency is obtained. The attenuation phenomenon of wave velocity is explained. According to the calculation formula of wave velocity, the variation of normalized non-local modulus (the ratio of non-local modulus to classical modulus) of longitudinal wave and transverse wave with frequency and influence region is obtained. In this paper, the non-local grinding stress characteristics of nano-composite ceramics under ultrasonic loading are studied. A new two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration grinding technology is proposed for ZTA nano-composite ceramics. Based on ultrasonic vibration theory and indentation fracture mechanics, a new material removal rate model and grinding force model under two-dimensional grinding are presented. The non-local elastic analytical stress field at the crack tip excited by ultrasonic wave in ceramic materials is established by establishing the macro-micro relationship with the kernel function. It is found that the maximum stress at the crack tip is finite. The conclusion theoretically eliminates the physical unrealistic stress singularity at the crack tip and shows the true nature of the stress field at the crack tip. In order to study the relationship between the main ultrasonic parameters (frequency, amplitude, etc.) and the non-local stresses in ceramic grinding, a three-point bending test apparatus for ultrasonic vibration stretching and ultrasonic vibration was established. Based on the wave theory, the complex multi-section curves with complex curves were completed. The design of H-type horn is of great help to the study of the mechanism of ultrasonic parameters (frequency and amplitude) acting on ceramics. At the same time, the design of three-point bending specimen and tensile specimen is completed based on wave theory and non-local theory. In order to analyze the mode of crack formation and propagation of ZTA nanocomposite ceramics under ultrasonic vibration, it is concluded that the relationship between non-local elastic kernel function and long-range region under different ultrasonic parameters is that the fracture stress decreases with the increase of amplitude and frequency. The fracture surface of ZTA ceramics has obvious grain cross section and cracks appear in a large number of grains, indicating that transgranular/intergranular mixed fracture occurred in ZTA ceramics. ZrO2 can absorb strain energy by t_m phase transformation under stress induction, and has better plastic mechanical properties. The theoretical variation of non-local attenuation rate is verified not only theoretically but also experimentally. Grinding experiments are carried out by two-dimensional ultrasonic assisted grinding method based on non-local elasticity. The influence of two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration parameters and grinding parameters on grinding force is analyzed. The surface/subsurface damage characteristics of two-dimensional ultrasonic-assisted grinding of ZTA nanocomposite ceramics are studied by means of scanning electron microscopy and non-local theory. It is pointed out that two-dimensional ultrasonic-assisted grinding is very useful for obtaining ZTA ceramics grinding surfaces with good micro-characteristics. The results show that the non-local constitutive model is applicable to the mechanical characteristics of ultrasonic vibration machining of hard and brittle ceramics, which is in line with the phenomenon that the cutting depth in ductile domain is significantly increased.
【學位授予單位】:河南理工大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:TQ174.6
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