【摘要】：炭膜作為一種新穎的無(wú)機(jī)膜材料具有化學(xué)性能穩(wěn)定,耐酸堿、耐腐蝕,孔徑可調(diào)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在膜分離領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。按結(jié)構(gòu)炭膜可以分為均質(zhì)炭膜和復(fù)合炭膜。復(fù)合炭膜增強(qiáng)了炭膜的機(jī)械性能,但在制備過(guò)程中易產(chǎn)生缺陷降低其分離性能。有序介孔炭是指具有大面積排列規(guī)整孔道結(jié)構(gòu)的無(wú)機(jī)炭材料,介孔炭材料孔徑均一,比表面積較高且孔容相對(duì)較大,可以用作復(fù)合炭膜缺陷的修飾材料。本文采用軟模板法利用間苯二酚/甲醛反應(yīng)制得的酚醛樹(shù)脂(PFR)為前驅(qū)體與三嵌段共聚物(F127)通過(guò)溶劑揮發(fā)自組裝方法制備有序介孔炭材料。結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室原有工藝對(duì)介觀相酚醛樹(shù)脂進(jìn)行了放大工藝(公斤級(jí))的考察,探討了在放大過(guò)程中料液的反應(yīng)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)介孔孔道結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。得出了最佳工藝條件：在45℃下反應(yīng)12h制得具有介觀相的酚醛樹(shù)脂,炭化后可以得到具有二維六角(P6mm)結(jié)構(gòu)的介孔炭材料。以介觀相酚醛樹(shù)脂為前驅(qū)體,通過(guò)浸漬手段對(duì)復(fù)合炭膜缺陷進(jìn)行修飾�？疾炝私䴘n工藝對(duì)修飾效果的影響。結(jié)果表明PFR溶液濃度越大,修飾效果越好,同時(shí)膜層增厚,易產(chǎn)生二次缺陷；加入5%PEG能夠增加溶液的浸潤(rùn)能力,增強(qiáng)修飾效果；共混物聚酰氨酸(PAA)的加入提高了浸漬溶液的殘?zhí)苛?對(duì)尺度較大的缺陷具有良好的修飾能力。確定最佳工藝配方為15%PFR+5%PEG+1%PAA,在40℃下通過(guò)單次“浸漬-炭化”流程在復(fù)合炭膜表面能夠形成具有介孔結(jié)構(gòu)的修飾層,對(duì)復(fù)合炭膜的缺陷具有良好的修飾效果。對(duì)修飾后的炭膜作通量分析,測(cè)得氧氣通量為1149.54GPU, O2/N2的分離系數(shù)為1.30。
[Abstract]:As a novel inorganic membrane material, carbon membrane has the advantages of stable chemical properties, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance and adjustable pore size, and has a broad application prospect in membrane separation field. According to the structure of carbon film can be divided into homogeneous carbon film and composite carbon film. The composite carbon membrane enhances the mechanical properties of the carbon membrane, but it is easy to produce defects in the preparation process and reduce its separation performance. Ordered mesoporous carbon is a kind of inorganic carbon material with large area arrangement and regular pore structure. The mesoporous carbon material has uniform pore size, high specific surface area and relatively large pore volume, so it can be used as a modified material for composite carbon membrane defects. In this paper, an ordered mesoporous carbon material was prepared by solvent volatilization self-assembly method using phenolic resin (PFR) prepared by soft template reaction with resorcinol / formaldehyde as precursor and triblock copolymers (F127). The effect of reaction time and reaction temperature on the mesoporous structure of mesoporous phenolic resin (KG) was investigated in combination with the original process in laboratory, and the effects of reaction time and reaction temperature on the structure of mesoporous channel were discussed. The optimum technological conditions were obtained as follows: phenolic resin with mesoscopic phase was prepared at 45 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2196505