【摘要】：結(jié)合當今我國農(nóng)村的實際：普遍存在圍護結(jié)構(gòu)保溫性能差、能耗大、抗震性能差等問題；另外,在城市建設中以及遭遇重大地震災害后,都會產(chǎn)生巨量的建筑垃圾需要處理,若對其進行妥善地資源化利用、變廢為寶,則生態(tài)意義和經(jīng)濟意義突出。本文圍繞國家科技支撐計劃課題《不同地區(qū)村鎮(zhèn)建筑適宜性抗震關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究與示范》,選擇擁有40%人口、占50%國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的夏熱冬冷地區(qū)和對保溫要求最高的嚴寒地區(qū)的墻體砌塊開展系統(tǒng)研究,設計出適合各地區(qū)的農(nóng)村房屋新型節(jié)能自保溫混凝土承重砌塊,并分別對各砌塊墻體的熱工性能、砌體基本力學性能和抗震性能進行一系列試驗和理論研究,主要研究工作和成果如下：夏熱冬冷地區(qū)：1、再生混凝土砌塊配合比設計研究對再生骨料的制備流程和物理性能進行試驗研究；提出再生混凝土自保溫砌塊的配合比設計方法,提出再生骨料最佳取代率。2、再生混凝土自保溫砌塊砌體基本力學性能試驗研究對再生混凝土自保溫砌塊分別開展了砌體抗壓性能試驗、沿通縫抗剪性能試驗和剪壓復合抗剪性能試驗研究,獲得了該類型砌體的基本力學性能指標,掌握了該類型砌體破壞的基本特征。提出了抗壓強度平均值計算公式、沿通縫抗剪強度平均值計算公式；繪制出了實測剪壓相關(guān)曲線,給出剪壓復合抗剪破壞特征的建議界限值,并提出以純剪強度為對比參數(shù)的該類型砌體剪壓復合抗剪承載力理論公式,首次把純壓、純剪和剪壓復合強度統(tǒng)一到一個計算公式中,實現(xiàn)了平滑過渡。3、“自攜式”再生混凝土自保溫承重砌塊砌體振動臺試驗研究結(jié)合“自攜式”構(gòu)造柱-圈梁體系,對單層單跨足尺再生混凝土自保溫承重砌塊房屋模1型進行振動臺試驗研究,分析模型結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞特征、動力特性及測點反應,對模型結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震能力進行評價,提出“自攜式”再生混凝土自保溫砌塊砌體抗震抗剪承載力公式,為進一步推廣應用再生混凝土砌塊和該結(jié)構(gòu)體系提供理論依據(jù)。嚴寒地區(qū)：1、新型節(jié)能混凝土自保溫砌塊塊型設計對節(jié)能混凝土自保溫砌塊熱工、力學性能和容重進行多目標綜合優(yōu)化分析,開發(fā)出只需280mm墻厚即可滿足嚴寒地區(qū)節(jié)能要求的新型自保溫承重砌塊塊型,節(jié)約了原材料,降低了成本。提出孔洞“外厚內(nèi)窄,,非均勻?qū)ΨQ排列的節(jié)能保溫設計建議、提出“相鄰孔洞整插保溫板”的節(jié)能保溫措施建議。2、新型節(jié)能混凝土自保溫砌塊砌體基本力學性能試驗研究突破規(guī)范提出“強砂漿弱砌塊”匹配原則,并就此對新型節(jié)能自保溫砌塊開展了砌體抗壓性能試驗、沿通縫抗剪性能試驗,獲得了該類型砌體的基本力學性能指標,掌握了該類砌體破壞的基本特征。并給出該類型砌體抗壓強度、抗剪強度平均值公式。3、新型節(jié)能混凝土自保溫承重砌塊砌體抗震性能試驗研究結(jié)合“自攜式”體系和“強砂漿弱砌塊”的匹配原則,對新型砌塊墻體進行低周反復荷載試驗,分析了該類型墻體破壞特征,并對各項抗震性能指標進行了詳細分析,最后提出了“自攜式”新型砌塊墻體抗震抗剪承載力建議公式。為該類型砌塊、該結(jié)構(gòu)形式的推廣應用及突破規(guī)范提出的“強砂漿弱砌塊”匹配原則提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Combined with the actual situation in the rural areas of our country, the problems of poor insulation performance, large energy consumption and poor seismic performance are common in the enclosure structure. In addition, huge amount of construction waste will be needed to be treated in urban construction and after major earthquake disasters. This paper focuses on the research and demonstration of the national science and technology support program, the key technology for the suitability of village and town buildings in different areas, and chooses a 40% population, a hot winter cold area with 50% gross domestic product and the wall block of the cold area with the highest heat preservation requirements, and the design of rural housing suitable for various areas. A new type of energy saving and self insulating concrete bearing block, and a series of experimental and theoretical studies on the thermal performance of each block wall, the basic mechanical properties and the seismic performance of masonry are carried out. The main research work and results are as follows: 1, the preparation process of regenerated concrete block mix design for recycled aggregate and the preparation process of recycled aggregate The physical properties are tested, the mix ratio design method of reclaimed concrete self insulation block is put forward, the optimum replacement rate of recycled aggregate.2 is put forward, and the experimental research on the basic mechanical properties of reclaimed concrete self insulation masonry is carried out on the masonry compression performance test of the reclaimed concrete self insulation block, and the shear performance test along the through joint and the shear performance test are carried out. The basic mechanical properties of this type of masonry are obtained and the basic characteristics of this type of masonry are obtained. The formula for calculating the average value of the compressive strength is put forward, and the formula is calculated along the average value of the shear strength along the joint. The measured shear pressure correlation curve is drawn and the shear pressure composite shear failure characteristics are given. The boundary value is proposed and the shear compressive strength theory formula of this type of masonry shear pressure is put forward with the YISHION shear strength as the contrast parameter. For the first time, the pure pressure, pure shear and shear compressive strength are unified into one calculation formula, and the smooth transition.3 is realized, and the "self portable" regenerative concrete weight bearing block masonry vibration table test is combined with "the self carrying" regenerative concrete. The self carrying "structure column and beam system" is used to study the shaking table test of single layer and single span full scale regenerative concrete weight bearing block housing model 1. The damage characteristics, dynamic characteristics and test point response of the model structure are analyzed, and the anti-seismic ability of the model structure is evaluated, and the self portable regenerative concrete self insulation masonry block is proposed. The formula of earthquake shear bearing capacity provides a theoretical basis for further popularization and application of recycled concrete block and the structure system. 1, a new type of energy-saving concrete self insulation block design is designed for the multi-objective comprehensive optimization analysis of the heat, mechanical properties and bulk density of the self insulation block of energy-saving concrete, which only needs the thickness of 280mm wall. A new type of self insulated and load-bearing block block, which meets the requirements of energy saving in severe cold region, saves raw materials and reduces the cost. It puts forward the design proposal of energy saving and insulation design of "inner and narrow outer thickness", and asymmetrical symmetry arrangement, and puts forward the energy saving heat preservation measures of "adjacent hole whole inserting insulation board".2, the new type of energy-saving concrete self insulation masonry masonry is basic. The principle of "strong mortar and weak block" was put forward by the mechanical performance test research, and the masonry compression performance test was carried out on the new type of energy saving self insulation block. The basic mechanical properties of this type of masonry were obtained along the shear performance test of the joint. The basic characteristics of this type of masonry were mastered. And the masonry type of this type was given. The compressive strength and the mean value formula of shear strength.3, the experimental study on the aseismic performance of the new type energy saving concrete block masonry is combined with the "self carrying" system and the matching principle of "strong mortar weak block". The low cycle cyclic loading test of the new block wall is carried out, and the damage characteristics of this type of wall are analyzed, and the various seismic performance of the wall is analyzed. The index is analyzed in detail. Finally, the proposed formula for the anti shear capacity of the new type of masonry wall is proposed, which provides the theoretical basis for the type of block, the popularization and application of the structure form and the principle of "strong mortar weak block" matching proposed by the breakthroughs.
【學位授予單位】：東南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU364;TU522.3

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