發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-21 11:05

  本文選題：納米碳材料 + 氫氣泡模板法�。� 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：納米碳材料種類繁多,它們?cè)谛蚊�、結(jié)構(gòu)、比表面積、活性官能團(tuán)種類與數(shù)量等各方面各有特色。在新能源中,這些不同為對(duì)條件敏感的電化學(xué)反應(yīng)創(chuàng)造了諸多可能。例如,在燃料電池的氧還原過(guò)程中及鋰離子電池負(fù)極嵌脫鋰反應(yīng)中,新型碳納米材料就扮演著尤為重要的角色。本研究嘗試并制備出了對(duì)氧還原反應(yīng)具有較高活性的新型三維枝晶狀石墨烯碳材料。首先以氫氣泡模板法制備出具有三維多孔的銅枝晶模板,再在此模板上通過(guò)物理氣相沉積法氣相沉積工藝沉積出石墨烯材料。通過(guò)優(yōu)化銅模板沉積工藝和物理氣相沉積法石墨烯沉積參數(shù),最終制備出具有三維枝晶狀形貌的石墨烯材料。該材料在氧還原反應(yīng)中表現(xiàn)出顯著的催化效果,氧還原起始電位達(dá)到-0.149 V(vs.Ag/Agcl),遠(yuǎn)比玻碳電極起始起始電位更正(-0.26V,vs.Ag/Agcl)。該種新型枝晶狀石墨烯中存在的大量的曲面結(jié)構(gòu)可能是其具有氧還原催化性能的原因。隨后為進(jìn)一步增加枝晶狀石墨烯的催化活性位點(diǎn),本研究采用氫氣泡模板法制備出了三維多孔銅鎳合金枝晶模板,并在此模板上通過(guò)物理氣相法沉積枝晶狀石墨烯。研究結(jié)果表明選取0.8M NiSO4+ 0.1M CuSO4 + 1M H2SO4溶液為沉積液,可通過(guò)氫氣泡模板法沉積沉積出三維多孔枝晶狀銅鎳合金模板;在該模板上通過(guò)900℃物理氣相沉積,可獲得缺陷更多的枝晶狀石墨烯,該石墨烯與銅枝晶模板上沉積的石墨烯相比,具有更高的氧還原催化活性。第三部分本研究探究不同納米碳后處理工藝,嘗試提升電解法制備出的納米碳材料的電化學(xué)性能,以獲得良好的鋰離子電池綜合性能。研究表明在400℃對(duì)電解獲得的納米碳球材料進(jìn)行熱處理,可以除去苯六甲酸雜質(zhì),提升電池容量。使用氫碘酸對(duì)納米碳球進(jìn)行還原,在還原時(shí)間為1h時(shí),可打開部分納米碳球,獲得納米碳片,提高電池的穩(wěn)定性;對(duì)納米碳進(jìn)行硅摻雜則對(duì)電池性能無(wú)顯著提高。而對(duì)納米碳球進(jìn)行包覆處理可以同時(shí)提高電池的容量和循環(huán)穩(wěn)定性。
[Abstract]:There are many kinds of nano-carbon materials, they have their own characteristics in morphology, structure, specific surface area, type and number of active functional groups, etc. In new energy sources, these differences create many possibilities for condition-sensitive electrochemical reactions. For example, new carbon nanomaterials play an important role in the process of oxygen reduction in fuel cells and in the delithium-ion reaction of negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries. In this study, a new three-dimensional dendritic graphene carbon material with high activity for oxygen reduction was prepared. Firstly, copper dendrite template with three dimensional pores was prepared by hydrogen bubble template, and then graphene material was deposited on the template by physical vapor deposition. The graphene materials with three-dimensional dendritic morphology were prepared by optimizing the copper template deposition process and the physical vapor deposition method of graphene deposition parameters. The initial potential of oxygen reduction is -0.149 V / v 路Agr / Agclan, which is much higher than that of glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The existence of a large number of curved surfaces in this new dendritic graphene may be the reason for its catalytic properties of oxygen reduction. In order to further increase the catalytic activity sites of dendritic graphene, a three-dimensional porous copper-nickel alloy dendritic template was prepared by hydrogen bubble template, and the dendritic graphene was deposited on the template by physical vapor deposition. The results show that the three-dimensional porous dendritic Cu-Ni alloy template can be deposited by hydrogen bubble template with 0.8M NiSO4 0.1M CuSO4 1m H2SO4 solution as the deposition solution, and then deposited by physical vapor deposition at 900 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1918942