本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生物質(zhì) 雜原子 功能化 多孔炭 比表面積 氣體吸附　出處：《燕山大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,人類面臨著日益嚴(yán)峻的能源緊缺與環(huán)境污染的挑戰(zhàn),尋找新能源、研究新材料已經(jīng)成為解決這些問題的重要出路,本文的研究目的是尋找合適的原材料與制備工藝制備出具有優(yōu)異性能的功能多孔炭材料。本文主要是通過選用生物質(zhì)及其衍生物作為碳源制備功能多孔炭材料,例如葡萄糖、氨基葡萄糖鹽酸鹽、木糖、蔗糖、頭發(fā)、豆腐等。采用了不同的方法如水熱碳化、高溫碳化、化學(xué)活化、降解等方法制備出具有豐富雜原子含量、高比表面積與孔容的功能多孔炭材料。通過紅外光譜、掃描電子顯微鏡、透射電子顯微鏡、X射線光電子能譜儀及元素分析等手段研究了所有制備的材料的結(jié)構(gòu)及表面化學(xué)性質(zhì),通過氮氣吸脫附等溫線分析材料的多孔性,并測試了材料的氣體吸附性能。本文由糖類衍生物通過化學(xué)活化法制備的炭材料具有很高的比表面積(2840 m2 g 1)及優(yōu)異的CO2吸附性能,吸附量在273 K和1.0 bar條件下達(dá)到29.4 wt%;以頭發(fā)為材料通過降解和炭化/活化法制備的多孔炭HPC-x具有很高的比表面積(2700 m2 g 1),這種材料同時具有豐富的含氮及含硫官能團(tuán),更重要的是,由于材料的孔結(jié)構(gòu)及表面功能化基團(tuán)相互協(xié)調(diào)影響,材料在表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的CO2(24.0 wt%,273 K和1.0 bar條件下)、CH4(3.04 wt%,273 K和1.0 bar條件下)和H2(2.66 wt%,77 K和1.0 bar條件下)吸附性能;以豆腐為材料通過碳化法制備的多孔炭材料比表面積為1440 m2 g 1,在273 K和1.0 bar條件下具有很高的CO2(22.6 wt%)和CH4(3.02 wt%)吸附性能。本文制備的所有功能多孔炭具有很高的比表面積和優(yōu)異的氣體吸附性能,在氣體吸附與存儲方面具有潛在的研究價值。同時本文的制備過程也為生物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為功能多孔炭材料的提供了新的途徑
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, mankind is facing the challenge of energy shortage and environmental pollution. Finding new energy and researching new materials have become an important way to solve these problems. The purpose of this paper is to find suitable raw materials and preparation techniques to prepare functional porous carbon materials with excellent properties. In this paper, biomass and its derivatives are used as carbon sources to prepare functional porous carbon materials, such as glucose. Glucosamine hydrochloride, xylose, sucrose, hair, tofu, etc. Different methods such as hydrothermal carbonization, high temperature carbonization, chemical activation, degradation and other methods have been used to prepare rich hetero-atomic content. Functional porous carbon materials with high specific surface area and pore volume. The structure and surface chemical properties of all the prepared materials were studied by means of infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The porous properties of the materials were analyzed by nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms, and the gas adsorption properties of the materials were tested. In this paper, the carbon materials prepared by chemical activation of carbohydrate derivatives have a very high specific surface area of 2840 m ~ 2 g ~ (-1) and excellent CO2 adsorption properties. The adsorption capacity reached 29.4 wt. at 273K and 1.0 bar. The porous carbon HPC-x prepared by degradation and carbonization / activation with hair as material has a high specific surface area of 2700m2 / g / L, and it has rich nitrogen and sulfur functional groups at the same time. More importantly, due to the coordinated influence of the pore structure and the surface functionalized groups, the materials exhibit excellent adsorption properties under the conditions of 273K and 1.0 bar for CO2(24.0, and for the conditions of 273K and 1.0 bar for Ch _ 4 and H _ 2N _ (2.66) W ~ (t) ~ (77 K and 1.0 bar), respectively. The specific surface area of porous carbon prepared from tofu by carbonization method is 1 440 m 2 g / g, with high adsorption properties of CO2(22.6 WTT and CH4(3.02 WTT at 273K and 1.0 bar. All the functional porous carbon prepared in this paper have high specific ratio. Surface area and excellent gas adsorption properties, It has potential research value in gas adsorption and storage. At the same time, the preparation of this paper also provides a new way to convert biomass into functional porous carbon materials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ127.11;TB383.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 劉明;關(guān)于我國能源利用與環(huán)境保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀分析[J];山西能源與節(jié)能;2002年03期

，

本文編號：1531026