【摘要】：近年來(lái),水中石油污染日益嚴(yán)重,嚴(yán)重影響環(huán)境安全及人體健康。傳統(tǒng)的水中石油去除方法大都工藝復(fù)雜、成本高、易產(chǎn)生二次污染。本研究通過(guò)水力空化與電催化膜強(qiáng)化催化氧化技術(shù)去除水中石油污染物的研究,確定了水力空化與電催化膜強(qiáng)化氧化技術(shù)對(duì)石油污染物去除效果的影響因素,研究了電催化膜處理石油污水的穩(wěn)定性,探討了水力空化與電催化膜對(duì)石油污染物的降解機(jī)理。水力空化處理石油污水影響因素研究結(jié)果表明,水力空化對(duì)水中石油具有較好溶解性能,而且還具有一定降解性能。在石油初始濃度為90mg/L、入口壓力為0.30MPa、溶液溫度為35℃條件下,空化時(shí)間為2h時(shí),水中石油初始濃度由90mg/L增加到215mg/L,達(dá)到最大值;繼續(xù)空化5h時(shí),石油去除率達(dá)到52.70%;對(duì)水力空化前后的水樣進(jìn)行GC-MS分析發(fā)現(xiàn),水力空化后的色譜圖的峰數(shù)量減少,峰強(qiáng)度降低,譜峰數(shù)量由原水的62個(gè)變成42個(gè),烷烴峰的峰面積由占總峰面積的49.36%減少到35.49%。水力空化是利用氣泡一方面增加石油在水中的溶解性,另一方面氣泡通過(guò)孔板后潰滅產(chǎn)生的高溫、高壓和羥基自由基對(duì)石油污染物進(jìn)行降解,達(dá)到去除的效果。以石油在水中空化后的溶解量達(dá)到最大值215mg/L為電催化膜處理石油污水的原水濃度,進(jìn)行了電催化膜處理石油污水的研究。研究表明,在電流密度為2.0mA/cm2、pH值為6、停留時(shí)間為3.8min、電極間距為40mm、溶液溫度為30℃條件下,電催化膜對(duì)水中石油污染物催化降解效果最好,石油去除率達(dá)到98.81%,COD去除率達(dá)到94.77%。GC-MS分析表明,電催化膜催化降解后的峰強(qiáng)度不僅降低,而且峰數(shù)量也減少,由原來(lái)的57個(gè)減少到10個(gè),烷烴峰的峰面積由占總峰面積的44.36%變?yōu)?3.49%。電催化膜是通過(guò)電催化產(chǎn)生氧化性自由基或物質(zhì)對(duì)水中石油污染物進(jìn)行降解,并利用膜對(duì)其起到分離的效果,去除石油污染物。電催化膜的響應(yīng)面法模型分析及清洗結(jié)果表明,電催化膜處理石油污水具有較好的穩(wěn)定性。COD去除率理論值為94.78%與5組重復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)COD去除率為94.52%基本保持一致,說(shuō)明電催化膜在去除石油污水的COD方面穩(wěn)定性較好。清洗后的電催化膜的水通量、石油去除率和COD去除率均基本恢復(fù),水通量由清洗前的75L/(m2·h)恢復(fù)到72.8L/(m2·h),石油去除率由99.02%恢復(fù)到98.72%,COD去除率也由94.52%恢復(fù)到93.73%。此外,電催化膜的能耗和催化效率分別為0.797kW·h/m3和2.445kW·h/kg。水力空化與電催化膜強(qiáng)化催化氧化技術(shù)能有效去除水中石油污染物,作為一種新型水處理技術(shù),在難降解有機(jī)物去除方面具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:In recent years, oil pollution in water is becoming more and more serious, which seriously affects environmental safety and human health. The traditional methods of removing oil in water are complex, high cost and easy to produce secondary pollution. In this study, hydraulic cavitation and electrocatalytic membrane enhanced catalytic oxidation (ECAO) were used to remove petroleum pollutants from water, and the influencing factors of hydraulic cavitation and electrocatalytic membrane enhanced oxidation on the removal of petroleum pollutants were determined. The stability of oil wastewater treatment by electrocatalytic membrane was studied, and the degradation mechanism of oil pollutants by hydraulic cavitation and electrocatalytic membrane was discussed. The results show that hydraulic cavitation has good solubility and degradability to petroleum wastewater. When the initial concentration of oil is 90 mg / L, the inlet pressure is 0.30 MPA, the solution temperature is 35 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2376784