【摘要】：“地質(zhì)聚合物”這一概念最早是由法國(guó)科學(xué)家Joseph Davidovits在1978年的國(guó)際理論和應(yīng)用化學(xué)聯(lián)合會(huì)(IU PAC)大分子會(huì)議上提出。Joseph Davidovits用質(zhì)量比為1：1的高嶺土和石英與固體氫氧化鈉以及去離子水混合均勻經(jīng)進(jìn)一步的縮聚反應(yīng)形成一種新型的無機(jī)聚合物材料。本實(shí)驗(yàn)首先采用溶膠-凝膠法制備出了Al2O3-SiO2粉體,并根據(jù)NaA沸石分子篩的理論配比采用0.9模的水玻璃(Na2O·0.9SiO2)制備出了Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-nH2O地質(zhì)聚合物漿料,通過調(diào)節(jié)不同的晶化條件來研究地質(zhì)聚合物轉(zhuǎn)化NaA沸石分子篩的效果。在研究非水熱法制備NaA沸石分子篩時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)水分在其轉(zhuǎn)化過程中起了很大的作用。本文又進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了水分在地質(zhì)聚合物轉(zhuǎn)化NaA沸石分子篩中的作用。根據(jù)地質(zhì)聚合物的高溫快速凝固機(jī)理,通過懸浮固化法制備出了地質(zhì)聚合物小球(GMS),并經(jīng)過離子交換和范德華力的作用吸附上Cd2+,通過光化學(xué)法使CdS生長(zhǎng)在地質(zhì)聚合物小球的表面,制備出的負(fù)載CdS的地質(zhì)聚合物小球(GMS-CdS)。最后經(jīng)光催化降解甲基橙來測(cè)試其光催化性能,本實(shí)驗(yàn)的主要結(jié)論如下：(1)地質(zhì)聚合物非水熱制備NaA沸石分子篩,這種方法不需要水熱過程。在60℃下養(yǎng)護(hù)后,組成為1.11Na2O-Al2O3-2SiO2的地質(zhì)聚合物能夠轉(zhuǎn)化為結(jié)晶良好的NaA沸石分子篩。地質(zhì)聚合物凝膠轉(zhuǎn)化法的條件如下：1)高濃度鋁酸鹽和硅酸鹽的溶出,2)硅酸鈉模數(shù)低于1大于0.8,3)Si/Al/Na摩爾比接近1：1：1。(2)當(dāng)?shù)刭|(zhì)聚合物中的水分含量達(dá)到可以轉(zhuǎn)化NaA沸石分子篩所需要的水分時(shí),其轉(zhuǎn)化的條件將會(huì)低于水熱反應(yīng)。如果將此地質(zhì)聚合物放在自然狀態(tài)下則其不會(huì)有晶相生成。密封條件下所需轉(zhuǎn)化條件降低,這是由于水分子在狹小的空間里會(huì)更加活躍,水合鈉離子的移動(dòng)將會(huì)更加劇烈,提供地質(zhì)聚合物晶化所需的養(yǎng)分更加充足。由于在養(yǎng)護(hù)過程中水分的損失,自然條件下的地質(zhì)聚合物晶化所需營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)無法被運(yùn)輸?shù)浇Y(jié)晶位置,進(jìn)而影響了晶化過程。(3)通過范德華力和離子交換,鎘離子能夠與地質(zhì)聚合物小球相結(jié)合。CdS顆粒通過光化學(xué)生長(zhǎng)作用能夠很容易地生長(zhǎng)在地質(zhì)聚合物小球上并形成黃色的負(fù)載CdS的地質(zhì)聚合物小球。由于在降解過程中的協(xié)同作用,負(fù)載CdS的地質(zhì)聚合物小球在降解甲基橙的過程中顯示了極好的性能,降解效率達(dá)到了90.57%。負(fù)載CdS的地質(zhì)聚合物小球降解甲基橙的動(dòng)力學(xué)分析表明此過程符合二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程。
[Abstract]:The concept of "geopolymers" was first proposed by French scientist Joseph Davidovits at the (IU PAC) macromolecular conference of the International Union of theoretical and Applied Chemistry in 1978. Joseph Davidovits used kaolin and quartz with a mass ratio of 1:1 to solid hydrogen and oxygen. A new inorganic polymer material was prepared by further Polycondensation of sodium and deionized water. In this experiment, Al2O3-SiO2 powder was prepared by sol-gel method. According to the theoretical ratio of NaA zeolite molecular sieve, Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-nH2O geopolymer slurry was prepared by 0.9 mode sodium silicate (Na2O 0.9SiO2). The effect of geopolymers on NaA zeolite was studied by adjusting different crystallization conditions. It is found that water plays an important role in the conversion process of NaA zeolites by non-hydrothermal method. The effect of water on the transformation of geopolymer into NaA zeolite was also studied experimentally. According to the mechanism of high temperature rapid solidification of geopolymers, the geopolymer ball (GMS), was prepared by suspension curing method and adsorbed on Cd2 by ion exchange and van der Waals force. CdS was grown on the surface of geopolymer spheres by photochemical method, and the geopolymer spheres (GMS-CdS) loaded with CdS were prepared. Finally, the photocatalytic properties of methyl orange were tested by photocatalytic degradation. The main conclusions of this experiment were as follows: (1) the geopolymers prepared NaA zeolites without hydrothermal process. After curing at 60 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2170838