【摘要】：鋯鉿是重要的戰(zhàn)略資源,廣泛應(yīng)用于國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)、國(guó)防建設(shè)諸多領(lǐng)域,其深度有效分離一直是研究難點(diǎn)。高效、高選擇性金屬離子萃取劑的合成設(shè)計(jì)及其在金屬離子方面的萃取分離應(yīng)用和相關(guān)工藝研究一直是濕法冶金的研究重點(diǎn)。本論文設(shè)計(jì)合成了幾種中性磷(膦)酸類萃取劑,并研究了其在分離鋯鉿方面的性能及機(jī)理,主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:研究考察了含氮膦酸酯萃取劑(Cextrant230),設(shè)計(jì)合成了幾種新型衍生萃取劑:磷酰胺類萃取劑(BEAP, L1, L2, L3, L4)。分別研究了幾種萃取劑的萃取分離鋯鉿的性能:1、系統(tǒng)研究了含氮膦酸酯萃取劑(Cextrant 230)在不同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下中對(duì)鋯鉿的萃取分離性能�？疾炝瞬煌嵝�,溶液酸度,萃取劑濃度,萃取溫度對(duì)鋯鉿的影響。研究了萃取劑的飽和負(fù)載量及反萃效果,簡(jiǎn)單討論了萃取反應(yīng)機(jī)理。2、系統(tǒng)研究了 BEAP磷酰胺類萃取劑在不同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下中對(duì)鋯鉿的萃取分離性能�？疾炝瞬煌嵝�,溶液酸度,萃取劑濃度,萃取溫度因素對(duì)鋯鉿的影響,研究了萃取劑的飽和負(fù)載量及反萃效果。采用在硫酸介質(zhì)中萃取劑串級(jí)萃取分離鋯鉿手段,理論目標(biāo)使產(chǎn)物中鉿含量低于0.01%。3、研究了新型萃取劑(L1, L2, L3, L4)在不同酸性介質(zhì)中對(duì)鋯鉿的萃取分離性能,討論了萃取分離機(jī)理。4、研究比較了該系列萃取劑對(duì)鋯鉿的分離效果,選出最佳分離萃取劑。
[Abstract]:Zirconium and hafnium is an important strategic resource, which is widely used in many fields of national economy and national defense construction. The synthesis and design of high efficiency and high selectivity metal ion extractant and its application in the extraction separation of metal ions and the study of related processes have been the focus of hydrometallurgy research. In this paper, several neutral phosphorus (phosphonic) acid extractants were designed and synthesized, and their properties and mechanisms in the separation of zirconium and hafnium were studied. The main research contents are as follows: the extraction agent Cextrant 230 containing nitrogen was investigated and several new derivatives were designed and synthesized: phosphorus amide extractant (BEAP, L 1, L 2, L 3, L 4). The extraction and separation properties of zirconium and hafnium with several extractants were studied. The extraction and separation of zirconium and hafnium by Cextrant 230 were systematically studied under different experimental conditions. The effects of acidity, extractant concentration and extraction temperature on zirconium and hafnium were investigated. The saturated loading amount and stripping effect of the extractant were studied. The extraction reaction mechanism was briefly discussed. The extraction and separation properties of BEAP phosphoramide extractant for zirconium and hafnium were systematically studied under different experimental conditions. The effects of different acidity, acidity of solution, concentration of extractant and temperature on zirconium and hafnium extraction were investigated. The separation of zirconium and hafnium from zirconium and hafnium was studied by cascade extraction of zirconium and hafnium in sulfuric acid medium, and the theoretical objective was to make the content of hafnium in the product lower than 0.01. The extraction and separation properties of new extractant (L1, L2, L3, L4) for zirconium and hafnium in different acidic media were studied. The mechanism of extraction and separation of zirconium and hafnium were discussed. The separation effect of this series of extractants on zirconium and hafnium was compared and the best separation extractant was selected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O658.2;TF111.3

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