本文選題：銀納米線 + 高溫劣化　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：透明電極是現(xiàn)代電子制造工業(yè)中不可或缺的重要組件,應(yīng)用于各類電子器件上,范圍涵蓋了顯示面板、太陽能電池、發(fā)光二極管及各類傳感器等諸多領(lǐng)域。目前已有的透明電極材料ITO的化學(xué)性質(zhì)以及熱學(xué)性質(zhì)不穩(wěn)定、具有陶瓷脆性、同時(shí)組分之一的In元素稀缺,除此之外ITO薄膜原料的有效利用率低,傳統(tǒng)的透明電極已無法滿足光電器件大功率、柔性、輕便、低廉、綠色環(huán)保等更嚴(yán)格的要求。銀納米線網(wǎng)絡(luò)透明電極展現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的導(dǎo)電性和透光性,克服了傳統(tǒng)ITO透明電極的種種缺點(diǎn),是面向各類柔性電子器件的理想透明電極方案。然而,在長期使用過程中銀納米線透明電極因劣化而導(dǎo)致其使用可靠性逐漸衰減,這成為其推廣應(yīng)用中亟待解決的問題。本文通過試驗(yàn)探索出制備長銀納米線的最優(yōu)參數(shù)。研究銀納米線在高溫高濕、光輻照等條件下的劣化行為與性能,分析銀納米線透明電極的劣化機(jī)制,創(chuàng)新性的利用pH值為中性的PEDOT:PSS水溶液作為防護(hù)層,并對它的防護(hù)效果進(jìn)行研究。通過多元醇法制備長銀納米線,確定在乙二醇的預(yù)處理溫度為180℃、反應(yīng)溫度為165℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為60min和Cu Cl2濃度為0.0001mol/L時(shí)制備得到的銀納米線平均長度51.2μm,平均直徑92.2nm,優(yōu)化了銀納米線制備參數(shù),研究了長銀納米線的形成機(jī)制。采用乙醇洗滌預(yù)先處理的方式得到了PVP層減薄后性能更好的銀納米線墨水。使用旋涂法制備銀納米線電極,通過調(diào)整旋涂轉(zhuǎn)速和次數(shù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)了電極的高導(dǎo)電性和高透光率,最終制備得到以玻璃為基底的電極在透光率超過80%時(shí),面電阻為90.47Ω/sq。分別研究高溫高濕、光照的加速劣化條件對銀納米線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的顯微形貌變化與銀納米線電極的面電阻和透光率的影響。在試驗(yàn)溫度為80℃,相對濕度為100%時(shí),銀納米線上出現(xiàn)的大量納米顆粒增大了銀納米線搭接點(diǎn)處的接觸面積,使導(dǎo)電性提升,在繼續(xù)劣化過程中由于銀納米線存在瑞利不穩(wěn)定性導(dǎo)致其發(fā)生斷裂,透明電極面電阻增大;在空氣中長期光輻照的加速劣化條件下,電極面電阻有先下降后上升的趨勢,是由于光輻照下銀納米線發(fā)生了局部焊接,造成面電阻降低。為了提高銀納米線電極的導(dǎo)電性和抗劣化可靠性,設(shè)計(jì)p H值為中性的PEDOT:PSS水溶液作為銀納米線電極的防護(hù)層材料,試驗(yàn)有防護(hù)層的銀納米線電極在維持高透光率的情況下導(dǎo)電性得到了極大地改善,面電阻由原來的96.52Ω/sq下降到了9.73Ω/sq;在經(jīng)過12天的加速劣化后,有防護(hù)層作用的銀納米線電極歸一化面電阻值僅是沒有防護(hù)層作用的銀納米線電極歸一化面電阻值變化的十分之一。電極的表面粗糙度從35.5nm下降到了23.8nm,同時(shí)防護(hù)層的存在也加強(qiáng)了銀納米線電極的可拉伸性能,導(dǎo)電高聚物PEDOT:PSS水溶液防護(hù)層材料使銀納米線透明電極的長期使用可靠性得到了提高。
[Abstract]:Transparent electrode is an indispensable component in modern electronic manufacturing industry. It is used in various electronic devices, including display panels, solar cells, light emitting diodes and various sensors. The available transparent electrode material ITO has unstable chemical and thermal properties, ceramic brittleness, and in element scarcity. In addition, the effective utilization rate of ITO thin film material is low. The traditional transparent electrode can not meet the strict requirements of optoelectronic devices such as high power, flexibility, portability, low cost and environmental protection. Silver nanowire network transparent electrodes exhibit excellent conductivity and transmittance, overcome the shortcomings of traditional ITO transparent electrodes, and are ideal transparent electrode schemes for all kinds of flexible electronic devices. However, the reliability of silver nanowire transparent electrode decreases gradually due to its deterioration in the long run, which becomes an urgent problem to be solved in its popularization and application. In this paper, the optimum parameters for the preparation of long silver nanowires were investigated by experiments. The degradation behavior and properties of silver nanowires under high temperature and high humidity and irradiation were studied. The degradation mechanism of silver nanowire transparent electrodes was analyzed. The pH neutral solution of PEDOT: PSS was used as the protective layer. And its protective effect is studied. Silver nanowires were prepared by polyol method. The pretreatment temperature of ethylene glycol was 180 鈩，

本文編號：2113098