本文選題：殼聚糖 + 表面活性劑　； 參考：《廣東藥科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：殼聚糖(CTS)為天然多糖中唯一的堿性多糖,是僅次于纖維素的天然高分子化合物,由于其具有良好的減肥降脂活性,被廣泛開發(fā)應(yīng)用于功能性保健食品,其核心成分殼聚糖的準(zhǔn)確定量至關(guān)重要。2015年版《中國(guó)藥典》雖然把殼聚糖納入藥用輔料,但是,目前還沒有殼聚糖含量測(cè)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因此,建立殼聚糖準(zhǔn)確定量的分析方法,對(duì)其質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的建立,以及保障殼聚糖相關(guān)醫(yī)藥產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量穩(wěn)定和可控,都具有十分重要的意義。陰離子表面活性劑具有良好的乳化、發(fā)泡、分散、去污等功能,廣泛應(yīng)用于日常生活、紡織、醫(yī)藥、采礦和建筑等行業(yè)。然而,含有十二烷基苯磺酸鈉SDBS等陰離子表面活性劑的工業(yè)污水和生活廢水不經(jīng)處理大量排入水體環(huán)境,造成水生生物死亡,還可引發(fā)大面積水華和赤潮現(xiàn)象。因此,對(duì)水體中陰離子表面活性劑的含量檢測(cè)對(duì)于保護(hù)水體環(huán)境具有重要意義。20世紀(jì)90年代以來,共振瑞利散射(Resonance Rayleigh scattering,RRS)技術(shù)作為一種新興的分析測(cè)試手段,已成功應(yīng)用于生物大分子(如核酸、蛋白質(zhì))、陰離子表面活性劑、染料和藥物等的分析檢測(cè)。國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者研究發(fā)現(xiàn),帶有正、負(fù)電荷的離子可通過靜電引力、疏水作用力或電荷轉(zhuǎn)移作用形成二元或多元離子締合物,從而引起體系中共振瑞利散射強(qiáng)度顯著增加,當(dāng)這種共振瑞利散射強(qiáng)度的增加與待測(cè)物質(zhì)的濃度呈現(xiàn)梯度變化時(shí),就可能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)該物質(zhì)的定量分析。該方法操作簡(jiǎn)便、儀器價(jià)廉、靈敏度高、選擇性較好,且是一種綠色環(huán)保的散射光技術(shù),受到研究者的廣泛關(guān)注。本文利用共振瑞利散射光的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理,以染料大分子為探針,研究表面活性劑的增敏、增穩(wěn)作用,建立了三種定量分析殼聚糖(Chitosan,CTS)的共振瑞利散射新方法,陰離子染料分別選取了莧菜紅、剛果紅和赤蘚紅B,增敏劑分別選用了十二烷基硫酸鈉、OP乳化劑和聚乙烯醇。在一定濃度范圍內(nèi),共振瑞利散射強(qiáng)度隨殼聚糖含量的增加而增大,呈現(xiàn)良好的線性關(guān)系。研究中優(yōu)化了實(shí)驗(yàn)條件,探討了方法的靈敏度與選擇性,并討論了表面活性劑對(duì)該體系的的增敏、增穩(wěn)機(jī)理。實(shí)驗(yàn)同時(shí)考察了殼聚糖分子量和脫乙酰度對(duì)定量分析的影響,并提出解決分子量和脫乙酰度影響的方法。構(gòu)建的三個(gè)方法用于同種保健產(chǎn)品中殼聚糖含量的測(cè)定,結(jié)果基本一致。另外,本篇論文利用表面活性劑的增敏作用建立了一種用于陰離子表面活性劑(Anionic surfacant,AS)定量分析的RRS新方法,陽(yáng)離子染料采用了藏紅T,增敏劑采用了聚乙烯醇。在最優(yōu)實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,十二烷基苯磺酸鈉(SDBS)的濃度在0.15~5.00μg/m L范圍內(nèi)與ΔI呈現(xiàn)良好的線性關(guān)系,檢出限為8.6ng/mL。實(shí)驗(yàn)討論了該體系的最佳反應(yīng)條件及共振瑞利散射強(qiáng)度增強(qiáng)的機(jī)理,并將該方法應(yīng)用于環(huán)境水樣中陰離子表面活性劑的檢測(cè),與國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法測(cè)得結(jié)果無(wú)顯著性差異。因此,構(gòu)建的三個(gè)殼聚糖定量分析的共振瑞利散射法和一個(gè)陰離子表面活性劑定量分析的共振瑞利散射法靈敏度、準(zhǔn)確性和穩(wěn)定性均有所提高,應(yīng)用于實(shí)際樣品中殼聚糖和陰離子表面活性劑的檢測(cè),結(jié)果滿意。
[Abstract]:Chitosan (CTS) is the only alkaline polysaccharide in natural polysaccharide. It is a natural macromolecule compound next only to cellulose. Because of its good weight reducing and lipid lowering activity, it has been widely used in functional health food. The accuracy of the core component of chitosan is crucial to the.2015 annual edition of China Pharmacopoeia. However, there is no standard for determining the content of chitosan at present. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish an accurate quantitative analysis method of chitosan for the establishment of its quality standards and to ensure the stability and controllability of chitosan related pharmaceutical products. The anionic surfactants have good emulsification, foaming, dispersion and decontamination. It is widely used in daily life, textile, medicine, mining and construction industries. However, industrial sewage and domestic wastewater containing twelve alkyl benzene sulfonate SDBS and other anionic surfactants are discharged into the water environment without treatment, resulting in the death of aquatic organisms and the occurrence of large areas of water bloom and red tide. The content detection of subsurface active agents is of great significance for the protection of water environment. Since 90s.20, resonance Rayleigh scattering (Resonance Rayleigh scattering, RRS) technology has been successfully applied to biological macromolecules (such as nucleic acid, protein), anionic surfactants, dyes and drugs. Analysis and detection. Domestic and foreign scholars have found that the ions with positive and negative charges can form two or multiple ion associates by electrostatic force, hydrophobic force or charge transfer, resulting in a significant increase in the resonance Rayleigh scattering intensity in the system, when the resonance Rayleigh scattering intensity increases with the concentration of the material to be measured. When the degree changes, it is possible to realize the quantitative analysis of the substance. The method is easy to operate, the instrument is cheap, the sensitivity is high, the selectivity is good, and it is a green and environmentally friendly light scattering technology. It is widely concerned by the researchers. This paper uses the mechanism of Resonance Rayleigh scattering light, and the dye macromolecule as the probe, to study the increase of the surfactant. Three new resonance Rayleigh scattering methods for quantitative analysis of chitosan (Chitosan, CTS) were established. Anionic dyes were selected for amaranth, Congo red and erythra red B respectively. The sensitizer selected twelve alkyl sodium sulfate, OP emulsifier and polyvinyl alcohol respectively. In a certain concentration range, the resonance Rayleigh scattering intensity was associated with Chitosan The experimental conditions were optimized, the sensitivity and selectivity of the method were discussed, and the sensitization and stability mechanism of the surfactant on the system were discussed. The effects of the molecular weight and deacetylation degree of Chitosan on the determination analysis were also investigated, and the molecular weight and deacetylation were solved. Three methods for the determination of chitosan content in the same health products were used to determine the content of chitosan in the same health products. In addition, a new RRS method for the quantitative analysis of anionic surfactant (Anionic surfacant, AS) was established by using the sensitizing effect of surfactants. The cationic dye used the Tibetan red T. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the concentration of twelve alkyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) has a good linear relationship with the delta I in the range of 0.15~5.00 g/m L. The detection limit is 8.6ng/mL., and the optimum reaction conditions and the mechanism of Resonance Rayleigh scattering intensities are discussed, and the method is applied to environmental water samples. There is no significant difference between the determination of the medium anionic surfactants and the results measured by the national standard method. Therefore, the sensitivity, accuracy and stability of the resonant Rayleigh scattering method for quantitative analysis of three chitosan quantitative analyses and a quantitative analysis of an anionic surface active agent are improved and applied to the actual sample shell. The results of the detection of glycans and anionic surfactants are satisfactory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東藥科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O657.3;R927

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