本文選題：燃料電池 + 氧氣還原反應(yīng)��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)春理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)由于人類對(duì)化石燃料的過(guò)度使用,不可再生資源如煤、石油、天然氣等能源將被消耗殆盡。目前,持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的全球能源需求與化石燃料燃燒造成的環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題增強(qiáng)了人們的環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí),世界各地均將視野聚焦在如何解決能源安全與環(huán)境可持續(xù)發(fā)展的問(wèn)題上。在過(guò)去的二十年中,人們?cè)诎l(fā)展創(chuàng)新能源技術(shù)領(lǐng)域做出了大量的嘗試。燃料電池作為一種最具潛力的新型能源裝置,其具有環(huán)保、轉(zhuǎn)化效率較高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而備受親睞。陰極氧氣還原反應(yīng)(ORR)作為電化學(xué)電池的主要反應(yīng),是決定電池燃料利用率的關(guān)鍵。目前陰極催化劑主要為鉑催化劑,缺點(diǎn)是價(jià)格昂貴和穩(wěn)定性差。因此,急需制備出一種成本低、催化性能優(yōu)異的催化劑來(lái)替代鉑基催化劑。采用一步高溫?zé)峤夥?制備了N/S摻雜碳納米材料N-S-C,XRD、SEM、TEM和XPS等測(cè)試證明了N和S成功摻雜到碳結(jié)構(gòu)中。并用LSV、CV、RRDE和i-t等電化學(xué)測(cè)試表明了900℃高溫?zé)峤獾玫降拇呋瘎㎞-S-C 900在酸性和堿性電解液中均表現(xiàn)出較好的氧還原催化活性。結(jié)果證實(shí),相比S-C 900,少量氮原子摻雜的碳材料NS-C 900具有較優(yōu)異的催化活性,同時(shí),N-S-C 900具有很好的穩(wěn)定性和抗甲醇性能;采用溶劑熱法合成碳前驅(qū)體聚二乙烯基苯(PDVB),然后與尿素進(jìn)行吸附共混,高溫?zé)峤庵苽淞说獡诫s的碳納米材料C-PDVB-N。并利用CV、LSV、RRDE和i-t等測(cè)試證明了氮摻雜碳納米材料在堿性溶液中表現(xiàn)出了較高的氧還原催化活性、良好的穩(wěn)定性以及抗甲醇性能。
[Abstract]:For a long time, non-renewable resources such as coal, oil and natural gas will be exhausted due to the excessive use of fossil fuels. At present, the increasing global energy demand and environmental pollution caused by fossil fuel combustion have strengthened people's awareness of environmental protection. All over the world, attention is focused on how to solve the problem of energy security and environmental sustainable development. In the past two decades, people have made a lot of attempts in the field of developing innovative energy technology. Fuel cell, as a new type of energy device with the most potential, has the advantages of environmental protection and high conversion efficiency. The cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), as the main reaction of the electrochemical cell, is the key to determine the fuel utilization rate of the cell. At present, the cathode catalyst is mainly platinum catalyst, but its disadvantages are high price and poor stability. Therefore, there is an urgent need to prepare a low-cost catalyst with excellent catalytic performance to replace platinum-based catalysts. The N / S doped carbon nanomaterials N-S-CX RDX Sem TEM and XPS were prepared by one step high temperature pyrolysis. The results show that N and S have been successfully doped into the carbon structure. The results of RRDE and i-t measurements showed that the catalyst N-S-C 900 obtained by pyrolysis at 900 鈩，

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