航空公司飛行機組人員分配問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-13 09:17
【摘要】：近年來隨著我國成為全球第二大航空運輸系統(tǒng),國外航空公司逐漸滲透到國內(nèi)民航市場,使得航空市場競爭進入白熱化狀態(tài)。因此,國內(nèi)航空公司唯有做大做強,增強自身競爭力,才能在激烈的競爭態(tài)勢下生存、發(fā)展。面臨這樣的環(huán)境,航空公司需要最大程度地降低運營成本,提高自身的競爭力。由于機組成本已經(jīng)成為僅次于燃油成本的航空公司直接運營成本中的第二大組成部分,因此合理進行機組排班,降低機組成本,是提高航空公司效益的一種有效手段。通過分析國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對于機組排班的研究現(xiàn)狀,以飛行機組分配問題作為切入點進行研究。 本文通過對飛行機組人員分配問題的描述和其所要滿足的限制條件的分析,首先把飛行機組分配問題轉(zhuǎn)化為圖著色,以飛行機組成本最小化為目標(biāo),建立飛行機組分配的圖著色模型,將飛機機組作為圖著色時所用的顏色的集合,將航班作為圖的頂點,若航班之間存在時間沖突則用線連接頂點,得到航班時間沖突二元圖。然后,選取國內(nèi)某小型航空公司若干組航班和飛行機組進行數(shù)據(jù)仿真,在飛行機組對應(yīng)的集合覆蓋所有的航班的條件下,將航班分配給飛行機組。在要求任意兩個相鄰頂點不能使用同一個顏色的前提下,所使用的顏色數(shù)最少即飛行機組數(shù)目最少,并通過頂點著色算法來確定初始可行的分配方案。最后,考慮以飛行機組任務(wù)均衡為目標(biāo),通過對機組排班問題常用的算法進行比較分析,選擇模擬退火算法對初始可行的飛行機組分配方案進行優(yōu)化,經(jīng)過算法關(guān)鍵步驟的設(shè)計和選取合適的參數(shù),最終得到的運算結(jié)果驗證了模型和算法的實用性和可行性。本文對于飛行機組分配問題的研究,不僅可以幫助航空公司提高市場競爭力,同時也有利于推進國內(nèi)航空公司提高機組信息管理化水平。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as China has become the second largest air transportation system in the world, foreign airlines have gradually penetrated into the domestic civil aviation market, which makes the competition in the aviation market enter into a white-hot state. Therefore, only when domestic airlines become bigger and stronger, can they survive and develop in the fierce competition. Faced with such an environment, airlines need to minimize operating costs and improve their competitiveness. Because the unit cost has become the second largest part of the direct operating cost of the airline after the fuel cost, it is an effective means to improve the efficiency of the airline company to carry out reasonable crew scheduling and reduce the unit cost. By analyzing the current research situation of flight crew scheduling at home and abroad, the problem of flight crew allocation is taken as the starting point. In this paper, the problem of flight crew allocation is described and the constraints to be satisfied are analyzed. Firstly, the problem of flight crew allocation is transformed into graph coloring, and the objective is to minimize the cost of flight crew. The graph coloring model of flight crew assignment is established. The plane crew is regarded as the set of colors used in the graph coloring, and the flight is regarded as the vertex of the graph. If there is a time conflict between the flights, the vertex is connected with the line, and the binary graph of flight time conflict is obtained. Then, several groups of flight crew and flight crew of a domestic small airline are selected for data simulation, and the flight crew is assigned to the flight crew under the condition that the corresponding set of flight crew covers all the flights. Under the condition that any two adjacent vertices cannot use the same color, the least number of colors is used, that is, the number of flight crew members is the least, and the initial feasible allocation scheme is determined by vertex coloring algorithm. Finally, considering the flight crew task balance as the goal, by comparing and analyzing the common algorithms of flight crew scheduling, the simulated annealing algorithm is selected to optimize the initial feasible flight crew allocation scheme. After the key steps of the algorithm are designed and the appropriate parameters are selected, the results of the calculation finally verify the practicability and feasibility of the model and the algorithm. In this paper, the study of flight crew allocation can not only help airlines to improve their market competitiveness, but also promote domestic airlines to improve the level of crew information management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民用航空飛行學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V352
本文編號：2180544
[Abstract]:In recent years, as China has become the second largest air transportation system in the world, foreign airlines have gradually penetrated into the domestic civil aviation market, which makes the competition in the aviation market enter into a white-hot state. Therefore, only when domestic airlines become bigger and stronger, can they survive and develop in the fierce competition. Faced with such an environment, airlines need to minimize operating costs and improve their competitiveness. Because the unit cost has become the second largest part of the direct operating cost of the airline after the fuel cost, it is an effective means to improve the efficiency of the airline company to carry out reasonable crew scheduling and reduce the unit cost. By analyzing the current research situation of flight crew scheduling at home and abroad, the problem of flight crew allocation is taken as the starting point. In this paper, the problem of flight crew allocation is described and the constraints to be satisfied are analyzed. Firstly, the problem of flight crew allocation is transformed into graph coloring, and the objective is to minimize the cost of flight crew. The graph coloring model of flight crew assignment is established. The plane crew is regarded as the set of colors used in the graph coloring, and the flight is regarded as the vertex of the graph. If there is a time conflict between the flights, the vertex is connected with the line, and the binary graph of flight time conflict is obtained. Then, several groups of flight crew and flight crew of a domestic small airline are selected for data simulation, and the flight crew is assigned to the flight crew under the condition that the corresponding set of flight crew covers all the flights. Under the condition that any two adjacent vertices cannot use the same color, the least number of colors is used, that is, the number of flight crew members is the least, and the initial feasible allocation scheme is determined by vertex coloring algorithm. Finally, considering the flight crew task balance as the goal, by comparing and analyzing the common algorithms of flight crew scheduling, the simulated annealing algorithm is selected to optimize the initial feasible flight crew allocation scheme. After the key steps of the algorithm are designed and the appropriate parameters are selected, the results of the calculation finally verify the practicability and feasibility of the model and the algorithm. In this paper, the study of flight crew allocation can not only help airlines to improve their market competitiveness, but also promote domestic airlines to improve the level of crew information management.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民用航空飛行學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V352
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