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  本文選題：薄壁法蘭盤密封結構　切入點：超彈模型　出處：《北京化工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：飛行器整體油箱采用鋁合金薄壁法蘭盤密封結構,該密封結構常采用異形橡膠密封圈,如果設計合理、使用正確,在靜密封中可以實現(xiàn)“零泄漏”,但現(xiàn)有的密封結構設計沒有考慮粘彈效應在動、靜密封工況下對密封性能的影響。本文結合粘彈效應和動、靜密封工況,分析了密封圈的結構參數(shù)、材料參數(shù)、工況等對接觸壓力的影響,旨在對薄壁法蘭盤密封結構在振動工況下的設計與開發(fā)提供理論與技術上的支持,本文的主要工作如下：(1)探討了橡膠材料的超彈特性和單軸拉伸實驗方法,測定了單軸拉伸試樣在不同拉伸速率下的力-位移曲線,分析了相關的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法,并與有限元計算結果進行了比較；并且研究了不同超彈模型對材料實驗數(shù)據(jù)的擬合精度。(2)探討了橡膠材料的粘彈靜態(tài)力學特性和材料粘彈應力松弛實驗方法,測定了應力松弛實驗試樣在不同初始應變率下的力時間曲線,并分析了相關的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法,與有限元計算結果進行了比較。(3)探討了橡膠材料的粘彈動態(tài)力學特性和動態(tài)力學分析(DMA)方法,對動態(tài)力學測試試樣進行了不同溫度下的掃頻實驗,獲得了不同溫度下復模量隨頻率的變化曲線,并分析了相關的數(shù)據(jù)處理方法。(4)在有限元軟件中對超彈模型和粘彈松弛模型進行了疊加,對裝配有橡膠密封圈的法蘭密封結構的二維簡化軸對稱結構進行了瞬態(tài)動力學仿真,研究橡膠圈的結構參數(shù)(截面直徑、截面形狀)、間隙張開量、間隙張開時間、介質壓力對密封性能參數(shù)(接觸壓力)的影響,對密封間隙回彈情況下法蘭密封結構的前期設計提供指導。(5)使用粘彈動態(tài)特性復模量模型,對裝配有橡膠密封圈的法蘭密封結構的二維簡化軸對稱結構進行了瞬態(tài)動力學仿真,研究了溫度、振動頻率、振幅對密封性能參數(shù)(接觸壓力)的影響,對密封間隙低頻小幅振動下法蘭密封結構的前期設計提供指導。(6)分別基于超彈-靜態(tài)粘彈松弛模型和動態(tài)粘彈復模量模型對飛機油箱三維結構進行瞬態(tài)動力學仿真；壓縮松弛仿真研究了粘彈靜態(tài)特性-松弛對接觸壓力的影響,為密封結構長期使用提供依據(jù)；通過有限元方法分析了不同溫度下密封結構的抗振動能力。
[Abstract]:The integral fuel tank of the aircraft adopts aluminum alloy thin-walled flange sealing structure, the sealing structure often adopts special rubber seal ring, if the design is reasonable, the use is correct, Zero leakage can be realized in the static seal, but the existing seal structure design does not consider the effect of visco-elastic effect on the sealing performance under the condition of static seal. The influence of structural parameters, material parameters and working conditions of sealing ring on contact pressure is analyzed in order to provide theoretical and technical support for the design and development of thin-walled flange seal structure under vibration conditions. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the hyperelastic properties and uniaxial tensile test methods of rubber materials are discussed, the force-displacement curves of uniaxial tensile specimens at different tensile rates are measured, and the relevant data processing methods are analyzed. The results are compared with the results of finite element analysis, and the fitting accuracy of different superelastic models to the experimental data is studied. (2) the viscoelastic static mechanical properties of rubber materials and the experimental methods of viscoelastic stress relaxation of rubber materials are discussed. The force time curves of stress relaxation test specimens at different initial strain rates were measured, and the relevant data processing methods were analyzed. In this paper, the viscoelastic dynamic mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) method of rubber materials are discussed by comparing with the results of finite element method. The frequency sweep experiments of dynamic mechanical test samples at different temperatures are carried out. The variation curves of complex modulus with frequency at different temperatures are obtained, and the related data processing method. 4) superelastic model and viscoelastic relaxation model are superimposed in finite element software. The transient dynamic simulation of two-dimensional simplified axisymmetric structure of flange seal structure with rubber seal ring is carried out. The structural parameters (section diameter, section shape, gap opening amount, gap opening time) of rubber ring are studied. The influence of medium pressure on sealing performance parameters (contact pressure), which provides guidance for the pre-design of flange seal structure under the condition of seal clearance springback, using viscoelastic dynamic characteristic complex modulus model. The transient dynamic simulation of two-dimensional simplified axisymmetric structure with rubber seal ring was carried out. The effects of temperature, vibration frequency and amplitude on the sealing performance parameters (contact pressure) were studied. It provides guidance for the early design of flange seal structure under low frequency and small vibration of seal clearance. Based on superelastic-static viscoelastic relaxation model and dynamic viscoelastic complex modulus model, the transient dynamic simulation of aircraft fuel tank three-dimensional structure is carried out. Compression relaxation simulation is used to study the influence of viscoelastic static characteristics on contact pressure, which provides a basis for the long-term use of seal structures. The vibration resistance of seal structures at different temperatures is analyzed by finite element method.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：V228.1;TQ336

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