【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以后,在國(guó)家政策的引導(dǎo)下,包含城鎮(zhèn)在內(nèi)的小城市進(jìn)行了一系列體制創(chuàng)新和政策改革,實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng)。逐步成為全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的重要支撐,成為推動(dòng)城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程的重要力量。與此同時(shí),伴隨經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長(zhǎng)的是城市機(jī)動(dòng)車數(shù)量的猛增以及對(duì)出行方式需求的轉(zhuǎn)變,由于小城市單一的交通結(jié)構(gòu)以及滯后的停車設(shè)施建設(shè),停車需求與停車設(shè)施供給之間的矛盾日漸突出。面臨同樣的供需矛盾,小城市與大中城市相比沒(méi)有系統(tǒng)科學(xué)的規(guī)劃管理體系,也沒(méi)有針對(duì)性的停車設(shè)施規(guī)劃布局方法。在這種背景下,有部分小城市面對(duì)停車問(wèn)題不采取任何措施而任其發(fā)展,還有部分小城市以停車需求為導(dǎo)向,一味的滿足停車需求,兩種對(duì)待問(wèn)題方式最終結(jié)果都是整個(gè)交通系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行效率的和路網(wǎng)服務(wù)水平的降低。新形勢(shì)下的小城市停車該如何發(fā)展,成為即急切又現(xiàn)實(shí)的問(wèn)題。本文通過(guò)資料搜集及調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì),首先從網(wǎng)絡(luò)布局結(jié)構(gòu)特性、交通構(gòu)成特性及居民出行特性三方面出發(fā)對(duì)小城市交通特性進(jìn)行分析;從停車行為特性、停車設(shè)施利用特性及停放車輛類型三個(gè)角度對(duì)小城市停車特性進(jìn)行研究。其次結(jié)合典型小城市停車統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)居住小區(qū)、酒店商貿(mào)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)、公共停車場(chǎng)、道路沿線泊位及機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位五類停車設(shè)施分布及利用特性進(jìn)行分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)小城市停車系統(tǒng)的突出問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了整理,對(duì)停車問(wèn)題的成因進(jìn)行了深入探究。然后結(jié)合新型城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略,對(duì)新型城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略下小城市停車系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展方向進(jìn)行探討,構(gòu)建了新型城鎮(zhèn)化戰(zhàn)略下小城市的停車規(guī)劃管理體系。最后重點(diǎn)針對(duì)管理體系規(guī)劃層面的五方面內(nèi)容進(jìn)行研究:提出小城市停車需求的預(yù)測(cè)方法;引入分區(qū)停車控制的方法理念,將城區(qū)劃分為嚴(yán)格控制區(qū)、適度控制區(qū)和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展區(qū),提出各分區(qū)的交通發(fā)展模式及停車管理措施;在分區(qū)停車控制的理念基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)配建停車場(chǎng)的配建指標(biāo)從經(jīng)濟(jì)、地理、交通特性三個(gè)角度進(jìn)行了修訂;為控制路內(nèi)停車設(shè)施對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)交通的影響,提出動(dòng)靜協(xié)調(diào)的路內(nèi)停車設(shè)施布局方法;針對(duì)停車場(chǎng)布局,提出路內(nèi)、路外停車設(shè)施協(xié)同布局的方法,在對(duì)約束條件及主要參數(shù)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,以總停車距離最小為目標(biāo)構(gòu)建路內(nèi)停車場(chǎng)的選址模型,以總費(fèi)用最低為目標(biāo)構(gòu)建路外公共停車場(chǎng)的選址模型。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening up, under the guidance of national policy, a series of system innovation and policy reform have been carried out in small cities, including cities and towns, and the rapid economic growth has been realized. It has gradually become an important support for building a well-off society in an all-round way and an important force to promote the process of urbanization. At the same time, with the rapid economic growth is the rapid increase in the number of urban motor vehicles and the change of demand for travel mode, due to the single traffic structure of small cities and the lagging construction of parking facilities, the contradiction between parking demand and parking facilities supply is becoming increasingly prominent. Facing the same contradiction between supply and demand, there is no systematic and scientific planning and management system and no targeted parking facilities planning and layout method compared with large and medium-sized cities. In this context, some small cities do not take any measures to develop in the face of parking problems, and some small cities are guided by parking demand and blindly meet the parking demands. the final result of the two ways of dealing with the problem is the operation efficiency of the whole traffic system and the decrease of road network service level. How to develop parking in small cities under the new situation has become an urgent and realistic problem. Through data collection and investigation and statistics, this paper first analyzes the traffic characteristics of small cities from three aspects: network layout structure characteristics, traffic composition characteristics and residents' travel characteristics, and studies the parking characteristics of small cities from three angles: parking behavior characteristics, parking facilities utilization characteristics and parking vehicle types. Secondly, combined with the parking statistics of typical small cities, this paper analyzes the distribution and utilization characteristics of five kinds of parking facilities, including residential areas, hotel trade outlets, public parking lots, parking spaces along roads and institutions. On this basis, the outstanding problems of parking system in small cities are sorted out, and the causes of parking problems are deeply explored. Then combined with the new urbanization strategy, the development direction of parking system in small cities under the new urbanization strategy is discussed, and the parking planning and management system of small cities under the new urbanization strategy is constructed. Finally, the five aspects of the planning level of the management system are studied: the forecasting method of parking demand in small cities is put forward, the concept of district parking control method is introduced, the urban area is divided into strict control area, moderate control area and coordinated development area, and the traffic development mode and parking management measures of each district are put forward. On the basis of the concept of district parking control, the allocation index of parking lot is revised from three angles of economy, geography and traffic characteristics, and in order to control the influence of parking facilities on dynamic traffic, a dynamic and dynamic coordination method of parking facilities layout is put forward. Aiming at the parking lot layout, this paper puts forward the method of cooperative layout of on-road and off-road parking facilities. Based on the analysis of the constraint conditions and the main parameters, the location model of the in-road parking lot is constructed with the goal of the minimum total parking distance, and the location model of the off-road public parking lot is constructed with the goal of the lowest total cost.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491.7

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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