高彈蓄鹽瀝青混合料材料開發(fā)及性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-14 22:29
【摘要】：近年來,我國冬季冰雪災(zāi)害氣候頻發(fā),因冬季降雪結(jié)冰導(dǎo)致路面抗滑性能顯著降低,嚴重影響行車安全,不僅給人民群眾的正常出行造成不便,還影響我國經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)快速發(fā)展。為了盡快清除路面冰雪,恢復(fù)交通,各地交通部門通常采用撒布融雪劑、人力除雪、機械除雪等除冰雪方式,這些被動除雪方法效率低、污染環(huán)境、除雪作業(yè)存在生命安隱患。歐美等發(fā)達國家采用的蓄鹽路面、彈力路面等主動除冰雪方式造價高、局限性強、融雪除冰能力有限,這些都制約了主動除冰雪技術(shù)的大規(guī)模推廣應(yīng)用。本研究將蓄鹽路面及彈力路面融雪除冰技術(shù)相結(jié)合,開發(fā)了一種復(fù)合型融雪除冰功能性路面材料——高彈蓄鹽瀝青混合料。首先基于蓄鹽緩釋技術(shù)的界面冰點降低機理,明確了蓄鹽添加劑的各組分功能;以提高蓄鹽緩釋技術(shù)融雪除冰能力為目標,利用DSC差示熱量分析法對不同比例的氯鹽進行了冰點測試,確定了氯鹽的最優(yōu)配比;運用BET法測試了不同載體的比表面積,根據(jù)比表面積大小,優(yōu)選了載體種類;運用電導(dǎo)率測試儀對浸水的馬歇爾試件進行了電導(dǎo)率測試,根據(jù)電導(dǎo)率隨時間的變化規(guī)律,確定了蓄鹽填料的抑冰組分和載體的配比;基于蓄鹽緩釋耐久性需求,對蓄鹽填料進行了二次憎水改性,通過電導(dǎo)率測試方法提出了憎水劑選擇的判據(jù)及摻量確定方法。為了平衡混合料融雪除冰功能和路用性能,對高彈蓄鹽瀝青混合料進行了組成設(shè)計及路用性能研究。采用等體積替換方法對添加粗細兩種橡膠顆粒的混合料進行了配合比設(shè)計,根據(jù)力學(xué)指標和路用性能指標,確定了最佳橡膠顆粒摻量及不同蓄鹽填料摻配比例下的最佳瀝青用量,并對高彈蓄鹽瀝青混合料的路用性能進行了系統(tǒng)評價,結(jié)果表明:高彈蓄鹽瀝青混合料的高、低溫性能均能滿足要求,但蓄鹽填料對高彈蓄鹽瀝青混合料的水穩(wěn)定性影響較大,蓄鹽填料過多,將導(dǎo)致其水穩(wěn)定性不足,必須在設(shè)計時重點考慮。為了評估高彈蓄鹽瀝青混合料融雪除冰效果,首先開發(fā)了混合料表面融冰和界面附著力試驗,提出了以脫落時間和剪切強度為指標的融雪除冰效果評估方法;通過靜態(tài)回彈模量試驗測定了低溫條件下混合料的回彈模量;基于分布式車轍儀對覆冰高彈蓄鹽瀝青混合料進行了輪載模擬試驗,建立了“優(yōu)、良、中、差”四個等級,確定了彈性模量和混合料除冰效果之間的關(guān)系;依據(jù)電導(dǎo)率隨時間的變化規(guī)律對混合料的融雪除冰耐久性進行了評估,結(jié)合我國降雪情況提出了融雪除冰功能耐久性預(yù)估公式。最后,依據(jù)室內(nèi)試驗結(jié)果優(yōu)化了高彈蓄鹽瀝青混合料的生產(chǎn)施工工藝,提出了壓實和拌和過程中的注意事項,并對蓄鹽填料的使用及保存方法提出了要求,指導(dǎo)鋪筑了張承高速承德段和張承高速張家口段兩條試驗路,對試驗段的配合比設(shè)計以及路用性能進行了研究,并對試驗段的融雪除冰效果進行了分析總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the climate of ice and snow disasters in winter is frequent, and the anti-sliding performance of the road is significantly reduced due to the freezing of snow in the winter, which seriously affects the safety of the driving, and not only causes the inconvenience to the normal travel of the people, but also influences the rapid and rapid development of the economy of our country. In ord to remove that ice and snow of the road surface as soon as possible, the traffic can be recovered, and the traffic departments in various places usually adopt snow-and-snow mode, such as snow-melting agent, man-made snow removal, mechanical snow removal and the like, and the passive snow-removing method has the advantages of low efficiency, environmental pollution and life-an hidden danger in the snow-removing operation. In the developed countries such as Europe, America and other developed countries, such as salt-storage pavement, elastic road surface, etc., have the advantages of high cost, high limit and limited snow-melting capacity, which restrict the large-scale popularization and application of active snow and snow technology. In this study, a composite snow-melting and de-icing functional pavement material _ high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture was developed based on the combination of the salt-storage pavement and the snow-melting and de-icing technology of the elastic pavement. firstly, based on the interface freezing point reduction mechanism of the salt-storage slow-release technology, the function of each component of the salt storage additive is determined; the freezing point test is carried out on the chlorine salt of different proportions by using the DSC differential thermal analysis method to improve the snow-melting and deicing capacity of the salt-storage slow-release technology, the optimum ratio of the chlorine salt is determined, the specific surface area of the different carrier is tested by using the BET method, the type of the carrier is preferably selected according to the specific surface area, the conductivity test is carried out on the soaked Marshall test piece by using the conductivity tester, and according to the change law of the conductivity over time, The formula of the anti-icing component and the carrier of the salt-storing filler is determined, the secondary hydrophobic modification of the salt-storage filler is carried out on the basis of the requirement of the sustained-release durability of the salt storage, and the criterion and the content determination method for the selection of the water-repellent agent are proposed through the conductivity test method. In order to balance the snow-melting and de-icing function and the performance of the road, the composition design and performance of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture were studied. By adopting the equal volume replacement method, the mixture of the two rubber particles with the thickness and the thickness is matched and designed, and the optimum amount of the asphalt is determined according to the mechanical index and the performance index of the road, and the optimal amount of the asphalt under the blending ratio of the optimal rubber particle and the different storage salt filler is determined, The results show that the high and low temperature performance of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture can meet the requirements. This will lead to insufficient water stability and must be considered at the time of design. In order to evaluate the effect of the snow-melting and de-icing of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture, the surface-melting and interfacial adhesion test of the mixture surface was first developed, and the evaluation method of the snow-melting and de-icing effect with the index of shedding time and shear strength was put forward. The rebound modulus of the mixed materials under the low temperature condition was measured by the static elastic modulus test. Based on the distributed rutting machine, the paper carried out the wheel-load simulation test on the ice-coated high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture, and established the four grades of the "Excellent, good, medium and poor". The relationship between the elastic modulus and the de-icing effect of the mixture was determined. The durability of the snow-melting and de-icing of the mixture is evaluated according to the change law of the electric conductivity over time, and the formula of the durability of the snow-melting and de-icing function is put forward in combination with the snow situation in China. In the end, the construction technology of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture is optimized according to the results of the indoor test, and the matters needing attention in the process of compaction and mixing are put forward, and the requirements for the use and preservation of the salt-storage filler are put forward. In this paper, two test roads of Zhangcheng high-speed Chengde section and Zhangcheng high-speed Zhangjiakou section are guided, the matching ratio design of the test section and the performance of the test section are studied, and the snow-melting and de-icing effect of the test section is analyzed and summarized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U414
[Abstract]:In recent years, the climate of ice and snow disasters in winter is frequent, and the anti-sliding performance of the road is significantly reduced due to the freezing of snow in the winter, which seriously affects the safety of the driving, and not only causes the inconvenience to the normal travel of the people, but also influences the rapid and rapid development of the economy of our country. In ord to remove that ice and snow of the road surface as soon as possible, the traffic can be recovered, and the traffic departments in various places usually adopt snow-and-snow mode, such as snow-melting agent, man-made snow removal, mechanical snow removal and the like, and the passive snow-removing method has the advantages of low efficiency, environmental pollution and life-an hidden danger in the snow-removing operation. In the developed countries such as Europe, America and other developed countries, such as salt-storage pavement, elastic road surface, etc., have the advantages of high cost, high limit and limited snow-melting capacity, which restrict the large-scale popularization and application of active snow and snow technology. In this study, a composite snow-melting and de-icing functional pavement material _ high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture was developed based on the combination of the salt-storage pavement and the snow-melting and de-icing technology of the elastic pavement. firstly, based on the interface freezing point reduction mechanism of the salt-storage slow-release technology, the function of each component of the salt storage additive is determined; the freezing point test is carried out on the chlorine salt of different proportions by using the DSC differential thermal analysis method to improve the snow-melting and deicing capacity of the salt-storage slow-release technology, the optimum ratio of the chlorine salt is determined, the specific surface area of the different carrier is tested by using the BET method, the type of the carrier is preferably selected according to the specific surface area, the conductivity test is carried out on the soaked Marshall test piece by using the conductivity tester, and according to the change law of the conductivity over time, The formula of the anti-icing component and the carrier of the salt-storing filler is determined, the secondary hydrophobic modification of the salt-storage filler is carried out on the basis of the requirement of the sustained-release durability of the salt storage, and the criterion and the content determination method for the selection of the water-repellent agent are proposed through the conductivity test method. In order to balance the snow-melting and de-icing function and the performance of the road, the composition design and performance of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture were studied. By adopting the equal volume replacement method, the mixture of the two rubber particles with the thickness and the thickness is matched and designed, and the optimum amount of the asphalt is determined according to the mechanical index and the performance index of the road, and the optimal amount of the asphalt under the blending ratio of the optimal rubber particle and the different storage salt filler is determined, The results show that the high and low temperature performance of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture can meet the requirements. This will lead to insufficient water stability and must be considered at the time of design. In order to evaluate the effect of the snow-melting and de-icing of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture, the surface-melting and interfacial adhesion test of the mixture surface was first developed, and the evaluation method of the snow-melting and de-icing effect with the index of shedding time and shear strength was put forward. The rebound modulus of the mixed materials under the low temperature condition was measured by the static elastic modulus test. Based on the distributed rutting machine, the paper carried out the wheel-load simulation test on the ice-coated high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture, and established the four grades of the "Excellent, good, medium and poor". The relationship between the elastic modulus and the de-icing effect of the mixture was determined. The durability of the snow-melting and de-icing of the mixture is evaluated according to the change law of the electric conductivity over time, and the formula of the durability of the snow-melting and de-icing function is put forward in combination with the snow situation in China. In the end, the construction technology of the high-elastic storage-salt asphalt mixture is optimized according to the results of the indoor test, and the matters needing attention in the process of compaction and mixing are put forward, and the requirements for the use and preservation of the salt-storage filler are put forward. In this paper, two test roads of Zhangcheng high-speed Chengde section and Zhangcheng high-speed Zhangjiakou section are guided, the matching ratio design of the test section and the performance of the test section are studied, and the snow-melting and de-icing effect of the test section is analyzed and summarized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U414
【參考文獻】
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