【摘要】：深埋大斷面隧洞開挖同時揭露多種不同巖性的巖體,各巖體之間物理力學性質(zhì)差異大,其破壞規(guī)律也不相同。深入研究復雜巖性擠壓破碎帶的塌方演化過程及機制,對于防塌和治塌具有重要作用。針對錦屏地下實驗室二期中3#實驗室的復雜巖性擠壓破碎帶區(qū)塌方,通過現(xiàn)場地質(zhì)調(diào)查及礦物分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)該處破碎帶本身巖性復雜、地應力高是影響這次塌方的關鍵因素。同時結(jié)合現(xiàn)場錄像觀察的塌落巖體破壞形態(tài)、室內(nèi)電鏡掃描結(jié)果和不同巖性巖體的空間分布特點,認為此次塌方具有明顯的漸進性破壞特征;不同巖性巖體具有不同的破壞機制:南側(cè)邊墻和掌子面分布的花斑角礫狀大理巖、溶蝕狀大理巖為剪切滑移型破壞,北側(cè)邊墻方解石化大理巖為節(jié)理張開傾倒破壞,頂拱鑲嵌組合膠結(jié)狀大理巖、花斑角礫狀大理巖和溶蝕狀大理巖為重力型塌落破壞�；诂F(xiàn)場錄像觀察到塌方發(fā)生時間的先后順序和電鏡掃描不同巖性巖體的破壞機制,歸納其演化過程為:開挖卸荷→隧洞周邊薄層巖體松散垮落→南側(cè)邊墻巖體剪切滑移破壞→北側(cè)邊墻巖體節(jié)理張開傾倒破壞→在兩側(cè)邊墻卸荷作用下頂拱巖體發(fā)生卸荷回彈→重力坍塌破壞。根據(jù)巖體破壞機制和塌方演化過程,建議采用圍巖表面和內(nèi)部綜合治理的支護措施(初噴不少于10 cm厚的混凝土+帶錨墊板的注漿錨桿+掛網(wǎng)+復噴混凝土)。該研究成果可為深埋隧洞穿越復雜巖性擠壓破碎帶的類似設計、施工、支護提供參考。
[Abstract]:The excavation of deep-buried large-section tunnel at the same time reveals a variety of rock masses of different lithology, the physical and mechanical properties of each rock mass are different, and its failure law is also different. It is very important to study the evolution process and mechanism of collapse in complex lithologic compression and crushing zone, which plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of collapse. In view of the collapse of complex lithologic crushing zone in the second phase of Jinping underground laboratory, the geological investigation and mineral analysis show that the lithology of the crushing zone is complicated, and the high in-situ stress is the key factor affecting the collapse. At the same time, it is considered that the collapse has obvious progressive failure characteristics according to the destruction form of collapsed rock mass observed by on-site video recording, the scanning results of indoor electron microscope and the spatial distribution characteristics of rock masses of different lithology. Different lithologic rock masses have different failure mechanisms: the porphyry breccia marble distributed on the south side wall and the palm surface, the corroded marble is shear slip type, and the north side wall calcined marble is joint opening and dumping failure. The cementitious marble, porphyry breccia marble and dissolved marble are gravity-type collapse failure. Based on the on-site video recording, the sequence of collapse time and the failure mechanism of rock mass with different lithology were observed by electron microscope. The evolution process is summarized as follows: the thin-layer rock mass around the excavation unloading tunnel is loose collapsed; the south side wall rock mass shear-slip failure; the north side wall rock mass joint opening and dumping failure; under the side wall unloading action, the roof arch body occurs under the action of both sides side wall unloading. Unloaded rebound gravity collapses and destroys. According to the failure mechanism of rock mass and the evolution process of collapse, it is suggested to adopt the supporting measures of comprehensive treatment on the surface and interior of the surrounding rock (the grouting bolt with anchor-cushion plate with the thickness of not less than 10 cm is sprayed at the beginning). The research results can be used as reference for similar design, construction and support of deep buried tunnel crossing complex lithologic crushing zone.
【作者單位】： 東北大學深部金屬礦山安全開采教育部重點實驗室;中國科學院武漢巖土力學研究所;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金國際重大合作項目資助項目(41320104005) 中央高�；究蒲袑ｍ椯Y金(N150104007)~~
【分類號】：U458.3

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