【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和大眾生活水平的提高，消費(fèi)者對(duì)于汽車的需求也在日益增加。由于不斷增加的交通事故對(duì)于全世界造成的人身與財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失，消費(fèi)者對(duì)汽車安全性能的要求也越來越高。以往，各種新款汽車投入市場(chǎng)之前，都需要以實(shí)際的實(shí)驗(yàn)車進(jìn)行安全等各方面的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，并對(duì)整車進(jìn)行安全性能評(píng)價(jià)。這種實(shí)車的碰撞實(shí)驗(yàn)花費(fèi)與用時(shí)相當(dāng)高。如今，計(jì)算機(jī)硬件和軟件技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展，各種算法研究的深入并得以在軟件中實(shí)現(xiàn)應(yīng)用后，使得計(jì)算機(jī)仿真分析技術(shù)在汽車產(chǎn)品開發(fā)和安全性能研究中起到了重要的作用。 安全氣囊作為一種有效的安全防護(hù)裝置已經(jīng)廣泛地應(yīng)用在現(xiàn)代車輛安全防護(hù)裝置中。安全氣囊的發(fā)明主要為了在汽車發(fā)生碰撞時(shí)，防止乘員與汽車內(nèi)飾件發(fā)生碰撞的乘員輔助約束系統(tǒng)，安全氣囊屬于汽車安全工程中被動(dòng)安全的研究范疇。安全氣囊的仿真模擬是現(xiàn)代汽車安全評(píng)價(jià)的重要組成部分。因此，建立準(zhǔn)確且貼合實(shí)際的模型是非常重要的。安全氣囊各種仿真方法中，有控制體積法（Control Volum，CV）、計(jì)算流體力學(xué)方法（Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD）和顆粒法（Corpuscular Method，CPM）等。在此提及的幾種方法都是目前安全氣囊仿真常用的方法。在檢查建立的氣囊模型的正確與否時(shí)常用控制體積法。在進(jìn)行有接觸情況下的仿真計(jì)算時(shí)，比較常用的就是計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)方法和顆粒法等。計(jì)算流體力學(xué)方法和顆粒法對(duì)于處理具有復(fù)雜接觸情況下的仿真等問題與實(shí)際情況時(shí)比較接近。本文主要運(yùn)用了計(jì)算流體力學(xué)方法和顆粒法的仿真結(jié)果做出相關(guān)對(duì)比。主要測(cè)試了兩種方法在本項(xiàng)目中的安全氣囊仿真過程能否滿足一定的性能要求。 本論文的研究工作結(jié)合上海恒士達(dá)科技有限公司對(duì)某國產(chǎn)車前排安全氣囊仿真分析項(xiàng)目，建立了基于有限元算法的模擬仿真模型，運(yùn)用計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)法和顆粒法進(jìn)行仿真對(duì)比分析。在運(yùn)用計(jì)算機(jī)仿真技術(shù)對(duì)安全氣囊的展開過程進(jìn)行分析時(shí)，了解哪種方法滿足對(duì)人體傷害程度較小的要求，，需要進(jìn)行仿真對(duì)比得出結(jié)果。本文所針對(duì)的項(xiàng)目中運(yùn)用了計(jì)算流體力學(xué)方法和顆粒法兩種方法的仿真模擬結(jié)果對(duì)比，結(jié)果表明：顆粒法在仿真模擬過程中所得出的結(jié)果更加符合我們本項(xiàng)目所要求的受力小，溫度低和對(duì)乘員作用力小等要求。論文的研究工作對(duì)發(fā)生汽車碰撞等交通事故時(shí)，安全氣囊對(duì)乘員的保護(hù)具有重要的意義。
[Abstract]:With the progress of science and technology and the improvement of the living standard of the general public, the demand for cars is increasing day by day. As a result of increasing traffic accidents to the world caused by personal and property losses, consumers require more and more car safety performance. In the past, before all kinds of new cars were put into the market, it was necessary to carry out experimental research on safety and other aspects of actual experimental vehicles, and evaluate the safety performance of the whole vehicle. This kind of real car collision experiment cost and use time is quite high. Nowadays, with the rapid development of computer hardware and software technology and the thorough research of various algorithms and their application in software, the computer simulation and analysis technology plays an important role in the development of automobile products and the research of safety performance. As an effective safety protection device, airbag has been widely used in modern vehicle safety devices. The invention of airbag is mainly aimed at preventing the collision between occupant and interior parts of automobile when collision occurs. Airbag belongs to passive safety research field in automobile safety engineering. Simulation of airbag is an important part of modern automobile safety evaluation. Therefore, it is very important to establish accurate and practical models. The simulation methods of airbag include controlled Volume method (Control Volum,CV), Computational fluid Dynamics (Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD) and Particle method (Corpuscular Method,CPM). Several methods mentioned here are commonly used in airbag simulation. The control volume method is often used to check the correctness of the established airbag model. In the case of contact simulation, computational fluid dynamics and particle method are commonly used. The computational fluid dynamics method and the particle method are close to the actual situation in dealing with the simulation in the case of complex contact. In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method and the particle method are used to compare the simulation results. This paper mainly tests whether the two methods can meet certain performance requirements in the simulation process of airbag in this project. The research work of this thesis combines the simulation and analysis project of Shanghai Hengsta Technology Co., Ltd. to a domestic car front row airbag, and establishes the simulation model based on the finite element algorithm. Computational fluid dynamics method and particle method are used for simulation and comparative analysis. When using computer simulation technology to analyze the deployment process of airbag, it is necessary to compare and compare the simulation results to find out which method meets the requirement of less harm to human body. The comparison of simulation results between computational fluid dynamics method and particle method is carried out in the project. The results show that the results obtained by the particle method in the simulation process are more consistent with the small force required by our project, and the simulation results show that the simulation results of the particle method are in good agreement with the requirements of our project. Low temperature and small force on occupants. The research work of this paper is of great significance to the protection of occupants in traffic accidents such as automobile collision.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：U491.61

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