發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-16 10:32

【摘要】：電動(dòng)車(chē)充電樁在2016年達(dá)到了炙手可熱的地步,然而也存在電動(dòng)車(chē)與交流充電樁不匹配的問(wèn)題。根本原因在于交流充電樁的控制引導(dǎo)和連接確認(rèn)功能,只保證了充電樁與電動(dòng)車(chē)的物理連接,但是如何充電,充電參數(shù)的配置都是空白。為了解決此問(wèn)題,本課題借鑒直流充電樁的功能,為交流充電樁引入通信控制功能,這樣一來(lái)充電樁得以獲取電動(dòng)車(chē)電池充電信息,為下一步的配置充電參數(shù)提供先決條件。又由于交流充電樁充電電纜以及接口功能都已明確規(guī)定,無(wú)法增加額外的通信線(xiàn)路,課題引入了電力線(xiàn)載波通信技術(shù)作為通信方式,本文就載波通信技術(shù)與充電樁充電控制進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究。首先,分析新能源汽車(chē)行業(yè)背景,闡述研究充電樁的原因及目的,提出課題方案。結(jié)合實(shí)際,對(duì)當(dāng)前電動(dòng)車(chē)的充電方式進(jìn)行探討,介紹國(guó)內(nèi)外充電設(shè)備發(fā)展情況。詳細(xì)說(shuō)明充電樁和電池管理系統(tǒng)各自?xún)?nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)以及功能。由于通信方式用到了電力線(xiàn)載波通信技術(shù),介紹該技術(shù)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,技術(shù)理論和通信核心問(wèn)題。其次,根據(jù)課題需求介紹并選取了構(gòu)建電力線(xiàn)載波通信框架的載波芯片和微控制器。按照芯片手冊(cè)中載波器應(yīng)用方案,分析載波收發(fā)器電路的各個(gè)功能模塊,包括電源、調(diào)制解調(diào)、耦合接入、控制部分,使用Altium Designer繪制并制作出電力線(xiàn)載波收發(fā)器。制定交流充電樁在通信過(guò)程中適用的數(shù)據(jù)包格式,分析通信過(guò)程中的數(shù)據(jù)流向,用ST Visual Develp設(shè)計(jì)編寫(xiě)了各個(gè)功能模塊的C語(yǔ)言軟件程序。測(cè)試電力線(xiàn)載波收發(fā)器實(shí)際參數(shù),明確其實(shí)際性能。最后,按照新國(guó)標(biāo)提出的充電流程,結(jié)合載波通信協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)格式,制定出交流充電樁控制指令,實(shí)現(xiàn)充電各個(gè)階段的充電流程。課題利用計(jì)算機(jī)模擬充電樁和電動(dòng)車(chē)電池管理系統(tǒng),分別在兩臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)上基于Visual Studio C#編寫(xiě)上位機(jī)界面程序。在充電管理模擬演示環(huán)節(jié),加入了基于“峰谷平電價(jià)”的優(yōu)化充電功能。在載波板與計(jì)算機(jī)配合下,演示的整個(gè)充電管控過(guò)程,由于實(shí)測(cè)通信碼率大于2.3Kbps,達(dá)到了課題中提出的充電樁對(duì)電動(dòng)車(chē)的充電管理控制目的。
[Abstract]:Electric vehicle charging piles reached a hot spot in 2016, but there is also a mismatch between electric vehicles and AC charging piles. The basic reason lies in the control guidance and connection confirmation function of AC charging pile, which only guarantees the physical connection between the charging pile and electric vehicle, but how to charge and how to configure the charging parameters are blank. In order to solve this problem, this paper uses the function of DC charging pile for reference, introduces the communication control function for AC charging pile, so that the charging pile can obtain the charging information of electric vehicle battery, and provide the precondition for the next configuration of charging parameters. Moreover, because the charging cable and interface function of AC charging pile have been clearly defined, it is impossible to add additional communication lines, so the power line carrier communication technology is introduced as the communication mode. In this paper, carrier communication technology and charging control of charging pile are studied. Firstly, the background of new energy automobile industry is analyzed, the reason and purpose of research on charging pile are expounded, and the project scheme is put forward. This paper discusses the charging mode of electric vehicle and introduces the development of charging equipment at home and abroad. The internal structure and function of charging pile and battery management system are described in detail. Because the power line carrier communication technology is used in the communication mode, the development situation, the technical theory and the communication core problems of the technology are introduced in this paper. Secondly, the carrier chip and microcontroller to construct the power line carrier communication framework are introduced and selected according to the requirements of the project. According to the application scheme of the carrier in the chip manual, this paper analyzes the function modules of the carrier transceiver circuit, including power supply, modulation and demodulation, coupling access, control part, drawing and making power line carrier transceiver using Altium Designer. The data packet format applied in the communication process of AC charging pile is formulated, the data flow direction in the communication process is analyzed, and the C language software program of each functional module is designed with ST Visual Develp. The actual parameters of power line carrier transceiver are tested to determine its actual performance. Finally, according to the charging flow put forward by the new national standard, combined with the data format of carrier communication protocol, the control instruction of AC charging pile is worked out, and the charging flow of each stage of charging is realized. This paper uses computer to simulate charging pile and battery management system of electric vehicle, and compiles the interface program of upper computer based on Visual Studio C # on two computers respectively. In charge management simulation demonstration, the optimized charging function based on peak-valley price is added. Under the cooperation of carrier board and computer, the whole charge control process is demonstrated. Because the measured communication rate is more than 2.3 Kbps, the purpose of charging management control of electric vehicle by charging pile proposed in this paper is achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491.8;TN913.6

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