【摘要】：海陸一體化運(yùn)輸是從海、陸空間角度出發(fā),在現(xiàn)有海陸運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)現(xiàn)海、陸運(yùn)輸?shù)囊惑w化銜接。為了滿足可持續(xù)發(fā)展的需求,依靠單純的海上運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)或者陸上運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)已無法達(dá)到最終目的,海陸聯(lián)動(dòng)開發(fā)的海陸一體化運(yùn)輸已成為了當(dāng)前及未來運(yùn)輸?shù)闹饕l(fā)展趨勢。本文從海陸一體化的角度出發(fā),分析研究海陸一體化運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng),并分別對(duì)海上運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)、陸上運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)、海陸銜接典型環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。針對(duì)海上運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng),以滾裝船配載這一典型環(huán)節(jié)優(yōu)化為研究對(duì)象,建立了基于成品車多裝貨港、多卸貨港的多階段配載模型。根據(jù)該模型的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了遺傳算法進(jìn)行求解;并通過大量的數(shù)值例仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了算法的有效性。將使用遺傳算法求解結(jié)果與基于現(xiàn)實(shí)調(diào)度規(guī)則的結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了算法的效率和魯棒性。開發(fā)了滾裝船舶配載信息管理系統(tǒng),提高了裝卸效率和準(zhǔn)確性,為滾裝船舶的安全性提供有效的支持。針對(duì)陸上運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng),以共同配送作業(yè)優(yōu)化這一典型環(huán)節(jié)優(yōu)化為研究對(duì)象,建立了共同配送模式下貨量分配、路徑優(yōu)化與成本分?jǐn)倲?shù)學(xué)模型。利用改進(jìn)的遺傳算法對(duì)所提出問題進(jìn)行求解。算例實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在共同配送模式下,無論是聯(lián)盟總體還是各個(gè)配送中心個(gè)體,其配送總成本都有很大幅度的節(jié)省。針對(duì)海陸銜接運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng),以整車物流路徑優(yōu)化這一典型環(huán)節(jié)優(yōu)化為研究對(duì)象,提出共享車輛與共享分撥中心(VDC)兩種資源共享資源模式,并構(gòu)建資源共享模式下以總費(fèi)用最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù)的整車物流路徑優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型。設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合節(jié)約里程法和掃描法的遺傳算法對(duì)所提出的問題進(jìn)行求解。代入實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算,結(jié)果表明使用資源共享的方法能夠減少大約30%的運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用;并對(duì)不同公路重載運(yùn)輸單位運(yùn)輸成本下最優(yōu)成本的變化情況進(jìn)行了比較分析,結(jié)果認(rèn)為:單位運(yùn)輸成本越大,采用傳統(tǒng)單獨(dú)運(yùn)輸?shù)某杀驹酱?越應(yīng)采用共享運(yùn)輸模式。但若公路重載運(yùn)輸單位成本與鐵路和水路運(yùn)輸?shù)某杀驹浇咏?則共享模式的優(yōu)勢越弱,成本節(jié)省率也就越低。
[Abstract]:Land-sea integrated transport is to realize the integration of sea and land transportation from the point of view of sea and land space and on the basis of the existing land-sea transport network. In order to meet the demand of sustainable development, it is impossible to achieve the ultimate goal by simply sea transportation system or land transportation system. Sea-land integrated transportation has become the main development trend of transportation at present and in the future. From the point of view of land-sea integration, this paper analyzes and studies the sea-land integration transportation system, and optimizes the sea transportation system, land transportation system and the typical link of land-sea connection. Aiming at the marine transportation system, a multi-stage loading model based on multi-loading port and multi-unloading port of finished goods vehicle is established based on the typical link optimization of roll-on-roll-off ship loading. According to the characteristics of the model, a genetic algorithm is designed to solve the problem, and the validity of the algorithm is verified by a large number of numerical simulation experiments. The results of genetic algorithm are compared with those based on real scheduling rules, and the efficiency and robustness of the algorithm are further verified. The stowage information management system of ro-ro ships is developed, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of loading and unloading, and provides effective support for the safety of ro-ro ships. Aiming at the land transportation system, a mathematical model of quantity distribution, route optimization and cost allocation under the common distribution mode is established, which is based on the optimization of the typical link of the common distribution operation optimization. The improved genetic algorithm is used to solve the proposed problem. The results of numerical examples show that the total cost of distribution is greatly saved both in alliance and in each distribution center under the mode of common distribution. Aiming at the land-sea transportation system, taking the optimization of vehicle logistics route as the research object, this paper puts forward two kinds of resource sharing modes: shared vehicle and shared distribution center (VDC), and puts forward two kinds of resource sharing mode, which are shared vehicle and shared distribution center. The mathematical model of vehicle logistics path optimization with the minimum total cost as the objective function under the resource sharing mode is constructed. A genetic algorithm based on economizing odometer method and scanning method is designed to solve the proposed problem. The results show that the method of resource sharing can reduce the transportation cost by about 30%. The results show that the larger the unit transportation cost is, the greater the cost of traditional single transport is, and the more the shared transport mode should be adopted. However, if the unit cost of highway heavy haul transportation is closer to the cost of railway and waterway transportation, the advantage of sharing mode is weaker and the cost saving rate is lower.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U116

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