【摘要】：隨著我國城市化進程的快速發(fā)展,公共自行車系統(tǒng)一直作為政府、相關企業(yè)和學者的研究熱點。我國將有更多城市加入公共自行車隊列中,公共自行車系統(tǒng)如何科學的建設、運營也越來越重要。站點的設計布局(包括站點分布、站點規(guī)模合理性、站點系統(tǒng)完善度)是影響用戶使用公共自行車的重要因素之一。我國的公共自行車系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃是在借鑒國外經(jīng)驗的過程中,逐漸形成合適的運營模式和理論方法。在實際的運營過程中,公共自行車系統(tǒng)提供的服務與站點周邊的公共交通設施使用現(xiàn)狀、交通運行特性的變化相關,因此為更好的滿足用戶需求的變化,提高公共自行車的使用率,需要對站點的布局提出優(yōu)化決策。在此背景下,本文對公共自行車站點布局優(yōu)化問題進行了研究。首先,從公共自行車系統(tǒng)出發(fā),分析了系統(tǒng)構成、站點類型的劃分。在站點布局規(guī)劃角度,提出站點布局的關鍵要素是站間距的確定和站點規(guī)模的估算。規(guī)劃不合理,導致公共自行車站點前期的配置與實施后的需求不匹配。在理論方面,總結已有的公共自行車站點布局模型的特點和存在的不足,提出站點布局優(yōu)化模型的構建思路。其次,從公共自行車站點布局影響因素的描述入手,分析了建立公共自行車站點布局優(yōu)化模型構建的前提以及假設,確定了以所有使用者出行總時間最小為目標函數(shù),以建設總成本、站點借還需求以及站點服務能力為約束條件的數(shù)學模型。結合模型中目標函數(shù)和約束條件的形式,基于LINGO軟件求解模型,得到在不同周期的需求變化條件下,站點的布局優(yōu)化方案。最后,以中山市公共自行車系統(tǒng)為基礎算例,參照中國各城市和中山市實際運營情況設置相應的模型參數(shù),驗證模型的合理性與可行性,為決策者提供優(yōu)化參考意見。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, public bicycle system has been a hot research topic of government, related enterprises and scholars. More cities will join the public bicycle queue in our country. How to build the public bicycle system scientifically and how to operate the public bicycle system is becoming more and more important. The design and layout of the site (including site distribution, site scale rationality, site system perfection) is one of the important factors that affect the users' use of public bicycles. In the process of drawing lessons from the experience of foreign countries, the planning of public bicycle system in our country has gradually formed a suitable operation mode and theoretical method. In the actual operation process, the service provided by the public bicycle system is related to the current situation of the use of public transport facilities around the station and the change of traffic operation characteristics, so in order to better meet the needs of users, To improve the utilization rate of public bicycle, it is necessary to optimize the layout of the site. In this context, this paper studies the layout optimization of public bicycle stations. First of all, from the public bicycle system, analysis of the system composition, site classification. From the point of view of site layout planning, the key elements of site layout are the determination of station spacing and the estimation of site size. Unreasonable planning, resulting in the public bicycle site early configuration and implementation of the requirements do not match. In theory, the characteristics and shortcomings of the existing public bicycle site layout model are summarized, and the train of thought of constructing the site layout optimization model is put forward. Secondly, starting with the description of the factors affecting the layout of public bicycle stations, this paper analyzes the premise and hypothesis of establishing the optimization model of the layout of public bicycle stations, and determines that the minimum travel time of all users is the objective function. A mathematical model with total construction cost, site loan demand and site service capacity as constraints. Combined with the form of objective function and constraint condition in the model, based on the LINGO software, the optimization scheme of site layout is obtained under the condition of changing requirements in different periods. Finally, taking Zhongshan City Public Bicycle system as an example, the corresponding model parameters are set according to the actual operation situation of Chinese cities and Zhongshan City, to verify the rationality and feasibility of the model, and to provide reference for the decision makers.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491.225

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