發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-05 11:31

【摘要】：陜西省山區(qū)沿河道路相對(duì)較多,因?yàn)樗畾г斐傻慕?jīng)濟(jì)損失每年數(shù)值龐大。目前大多數(shù)評(píng)價(jià)道路水毀的方法都以定性評(píng)價(jià)為主。但是定性評(píng)價(jià)有其固有的缺點(diǎn),不能明確的說明水毀的具體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本文采用蒙特卡羅的計(jì)算方法,運(yùn)用失效概率的大小和可靠指標(biāo)定量評(píng)價(jià)道路水毀。道路水毀的形式多種多樣,并且絕大多數(shù)沿河公路具有防護(hù)工程,本文以常見的由于沿河重力式擋土墻破壞而造成的水毀作為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行研究。本文首先歸納分析了計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)失效概率的相關(guān)方法。根據(jù)對(duì)不同計(jì)算方法優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的對(duì)比分析,選取蒙特卡羅模擬法計(jì)算沿河擋土墻的失效概率。對(duì)影響浸水擋土墻可靠度的隨機(jī)因素進(jìn)行了分析,隨機(jī)因素主要包括擋墻自身因素和擋墻中的水力因素,野外調(diào)查和理論分析表明,水流對(duì)擋土墻,特別是擋土墻裂縫的動(dòng)水壓力作用是引起擋土墻破壞的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。通過正交試驗(yàn)探究了墻前水流沖擊擋土墻產(chǎn)生的脈動(dòng)壓力特征。利用試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)分析方法比較了脈動(dòng)壓力在裂縫中和墻面的數(shù)值分布規(guī)律,并分析了墻前脈動(dòng)沖擊力。根據(jù)擋土墻的設(shè)計(jì)原則,分別建立了枯水期和暴雨期擋土墻的抗傾覆,抗滑動(dòng)和基底承載力穩(wěn)定性的功能函數(shù)。根據(jù)功能函數(shù)中隨機(jī)變量的參數(shù)分布特征,利用MATLAB軟件編制程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)了浸水擋土墻蒙特卡羅數(shù)值模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)。對(duì)省道102道路進(jìn)行水毀調(diào)研,得到水毀情況和沿河擋土墻相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)以及建立的功能函數(shù)和MATLAB軟件求解沿河擋土墻的可靠指標(biāo)。結(jié)果顯示,依托工程擋土墻在枯水時(shí)期最容易發(fā)生的破壞為滑動(dòng)破壞,在暴雨洪水時(shí)期最易發(fā)生的破壞為傾覆破壞。本文通過對(duì)沿河擋土墻失效概率和可靠指標(biāo)的計(jì)算,實(shí)現(xiàn)水毀危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)定量化,并指導(dǎo)當(dāng)?shù)叵嚓P(guān)管理部門根據(jù)研究成果采取科學(xué)合理的預(yù)防措施進(jìn)行防治公路水毀災(zāi)害防治,使災(zāi)害帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)減小。
[Abstract]:There are relatively many roads along rivers in the mountainous areas of Shaanxi Province, because the economic losses caused by water damage are huge every year. At present, most methods of road damage evaluation are qualitative evaluation. However, qualitative evaluation has its inherent disadvantages and can not clearly explain the specific risk of water destruction. In this paper, Monte Carlo method is used to quantitatively evaluate road damage by using the magnitude of failure probability and reliability index. The forms of road water damage are various, and most of the highway along the river have protective works. This paper takes the water damage caused by the destruction of gravity retaining wall along the river as the research object. In this paper, the relevant methods for calculating the failure probability of structures are summarized and analyzed. According to the comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of different calculation methods, Monte Carlo simulation method is selected to calculate the failure probability of the retaining wall along the river. The random factors affecting the reliability of soaking retaining wall are analyzed. The random factors mainly include the factors of the retaining wall itself and the hydraulic factor in the retaining wall. The field investigation and theoretical analysis show that the flow of water plays an important role in the retaining wall. In particular, the hydrodynamic pressure of retaining wall crack is the key to the failure of retaining wall. The characteristics of pulsating pressure produced by the impinging flow in front of the wall are investigated by orthogonal test. The numerical distribution of fluctuating pressure in cracks and walls is compared by means of experimental data analysis, and the pulsating impact force in front of the wall is analyzed. According to the design principle of retaining wall, the function functions of anti-overturning, anti-sliding and stability of foundation bearing capacity of retaining wall during dry season and rainstorm period are established respectively. According to the parameter distribution characteristics of random variables in the function, Monte Carlo numerical simulation experiment of soaking retaining wall is realized by using MATLAB software. The flood damage of provincial highway 102 was investigated, and the data of water damage and retaining wall along river were obtained. According to the relevant data, the function and the MATLAB software, the reliable index of the retaining wall along the river is solved. The results show that the most vulnerable failure of retaining wall in the low water period is sliding failure, and the most prone damage in rainstorm and flood period is overturning damage. Through the calculation of failure probability and reliable index of retaining wall along river, this paper realizes the quantitative evaluation of water damage risk, and instructs the local relevant management department to take scientific and reasonable preventive measures to prevent and cure highway flood disaster according to the research results. Reduce the risk of disaster.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U416.1

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