西安地區(qū)駕乘人員安全帶使用情況調(diào)查
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-17 06:31
【摘要】：安全帶作為一種乘員約束保護系統(tǒng),自發(fā)明問世以來挽救了數(shù)以萬計的生命,為保護生命財產(chǎn)安全起到了重要的作用。國外研究機構(gòu)發(fā)現(xiàn),當事故發(fā)生概率一定的條件下,使用安全帶相比于不使用安全帶,能夠減少約2/3的事故死亡率。雖然安全帶的保護效果十分明顯,但是在我國安全帶的使用率仍然相對較低。北京市的一次調(diào)查統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示,在發(fā)生的多起碰撞致人死亡的事故中,安全帶的使用率僅為12.1%。因此,對于安全帶使用情況及影響因素的研究就顯得十分的必要了。本文首先通過問卷調(diào)查法和實地觀察的方法對西安地區(qū)駕乘人員安全帶的使用情況進行了調(diào)查,共收集了有效調(diào)查問卷1304份,高速公路觀察數(shù)據(jù)13393份,城市道路觀察數(shù)據(jù)6802份,并采用描述性統(tǒng)計分析對采集的樣本數(shù)據(jù)進行初步分析,描述了觀察樣本數(shù)據(jù)的特征情況。其次,在相關(guān)分析對問卷調(diào)查對影響安全帶使用因素進行分析后,采用主成分分析方法對調(diào)查問卷數(shù)據(jù)中影響安全帶使用較大的幾個因素進行提取,并建立了主成分分析的回歸模型,明晰了各使用因素與安全帶使用率的相關(guān)程度。最后,在單因素方差分析的基礎上,運用二值logistic回歸分析模型對高速公路和城市道路實地調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)分別進行了分析,研究了性別、年齡、車型及座椅位置因素對于安全帶使用率的影響程度,并比較了高速公路和城市道路駕乘人員安全帶使用率的差異性。研究結(jié)果表明:總體高速公路的安全帶使用率明顯高于城市道路,不同性別安全帶的使用率主要與所乘坐位置以及道路類型有關(guān)。在高速公路上駕駛位、副駕駛位男女性安全帶使用率相差不大,后排座位安全帶使用率男性高于女性;城市道路上駕駛位安全帶使用率男性高于女性,副駕駛位和后排座位女性高于男性;在高速公路不同位置不同年齡段安全帶使用率除36~45歲駕駛員群體安全帶使用率較低以外,其他年齡段安全帶使用率差異不大。在不同檔次車型中,中等檔次車型相比低檔次車型和高檔次車型安全帶使用率略高。
[Abstract]:As a kind of occupant restraint protection system, seat belt has saved tens of thousands of lives since the invention, and has played an important role in protecting the safety of life and property. Foreign research institutions have found that when the probability of accidents is constant, the use of seat belts can reduce the accident mortality by about two thirds compared with that without using seat belts. Although the protective effect of seatbelt is very obvious, the usage rate of seatbelt is still relatively low in our country. According to a survey in Beijing, safety belts were used only 12.1in multiple crashes that killed people. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the use of seat belts and influencing factors. In this paper, the use of seat belts of drivers in Xi'an is investigated by means of questionnaire survey and field observation. A total of 1304 effective questionnaires, 13393 observation data of highway and 6802 observation data of urban roads are collected. A descriptive statistical analysis is used to analyze the sample data and the characteristics of the observed data are described. Secondly, after analyzing the factors that influence the use of seat belts by the questionnaire survey, the principal component analysis method is used to extract the factors that affect the use of seat belts in the questionnaire data. A regression model of principal component analysis (PCA) was established to clarify the correlation between the use factors and the seatbelt utilization rate. Finally, on the basis of univariate ANOVA, the field investigation data of expressway and urban road were analyzed by using binary logistic regression analysis model, and the gender and age were studied. The influence of vehicle type and seat position on the seatbelt utilization rate was also compared and the differences of seatbelt utilization rate between expressway and urban road drivers were compared. The results show that the seatbelt utilization rate of the overall expressway is obviously higher than that of the urban road, and the utilization rate of different sex seat belts is mainly related to the location of the seat belt and the type of the road. The utilization rate of seat belts in the front seat seats of men is higher than that of women in the rear seat seats of men, and that of seat belts in driving seats of urban roads is higher in men than in women. The usage rate of seat belts in different age groups of different age groups except 36- 45 years old drivers was lower than that of men, but there was no significant difference in other age groups. In different grades, the utilization rate of safety belt is slightly higher than that of low grade and high grade.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491.61
本文編號：2245008
[Abstract]:As a kind of occupant restraint protection system, seat belt has saved tens of thousands of lives since the invention, and has played an important role in protecting the safety of life and property. Foreign research institutions have found that when the probability of accidents is constant, the use of seat belts can reduce the accident mortality by about two thirds compared with that without using seat belts. Although the protective effect of seatbelt is very obvious, the usage rate of seatbelt is still relatively low in our country. According to a survey in Beijing, safety belts were used only 12.1in multiple crashes that killed people. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the use of seat belts and influencing factors. In this paper, the use of seat belts of drivers in Xi'an is investigated by means of questionnaire survey and field observation. A total of 1304 effective questionnaires, 13393 observation data of highway and 6802 observation data of urban roads are collected. A descriptive statistical analysis is used to analyze the sample data and the characteristics of the observed data are described. Secondly, after analyzing the factors that influence the use of seat belts by the questionnaire survey, the principal component analysis method is used to extract the factors that affect the use of seat belts in the questionnaire data. A regression model of principal component analysis (PCA) was established to clarify the correlation between the use factors and the seatbelt utilization rate. Finally, on the basis of univariate ANOVA, the field investigation data of expressway and urban road were analyzed by using binary logistic regression analysis model, and the gender and age were studied. The influence of vehicle type and seat position on the seatbelt utilization rate was also compared and the differences of seatbelt utilization rate between expressway and urban road drivers were compared. The results show that the seatbelt utilization rate of the overall expressway is obviously higher than that of the urban road, and the utilization rate of different sex seat belts is mainly related to the location of the seat belt and the type of the road. The utilization rate of seat belts in the front seat seats of men is higher than that of women in the rear seat seats of men, and that of seat belts in driving seats of urban roads is higher in men than in women. The usage rate of seat belts in different age groups of different age groups except 36- 45 years old drivers was lower than that of men, but there was no significant difference in other age groups. In different grades, the utilization rate of safety belt is slightly higher than that of low grade and high grade.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U491.61
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