【摘要】：近些年,我國(guó)正大力建設(shè)公路、鐵路等交通設(shè)施。在路基以及隧道爆破開(kāi)挖工程實(shí)際中,其周邊往往會(huì)有民房、設(shè)備等需要被保護(hù)的對(duì)象,而爆破飛石在爆破后的飛行根本不可控制,很容易對(duì)附近被保護(hù)對(duì)象造成威脅。在每次爆破開(kāi)挖時(shí),為躲避爆破飛石的威脅需要耗費(fèi)大量的人力、物力和財(cái)力,耽誤時(shí)間和生產(chǎn),又不能徹底杜絕爆破飛石的威脅。一直以來(lái),中外各專(zhuān)家、學(xué)者對(duì)爆破飛石的研究從未間斷,并且也分別提出了關(guān)于爆破飛石飛行距離的看法與見(jiàn)解,但是爆破飛石受爆破參數(shù)、炸藥參數(shù)、巖體參數(shù)等眾多因素的影響,很難有一個(gè)確切的公式可以更加全面的預(yù)測(cè)飛石飛行距離。因此,有必要針對(duì)路基以及隧道爆破開(kāi)挖工程實(shí)際中爆破飛石拋擲距離進(jìn)行研究與預(yù)測(cè)。通過(guò)眾多專(zhuān)家學(xué)者的努力,巖土爆破理論以及計(jì)算機(jī)仿真技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展與完善,研究方法也日趨多元化。本文先對(duì)爆破破巖理論以及飛石產(chǎn)生機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析后,接著運(yùn)用層次分析法對(duì)飛石產(chǎn)生的主要因素進(jìn)行權(quán)重排序,然后結(jié)合量綱分析法對(duì)爆破飛石的拋擲過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析與研究,最后推導(dǎo)出爆破飛石拋擲達(dá)到最大距離的函數(shù)表達(dá)式�；诓M客專(zhuān)路基與隧道爆破開(kāi)挖工程,對(duì)其進(jìn)行爆破飛石拋擲距離試驗(yàn),通過(guò)測(cè)量爆破開(kāi)挖后飛石拋擲的距離并進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)得到多組試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)。最后通過(guò)數(shù)值軟件對(duì)各組試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行線性擬合,并將擬合值作為函數(shù)表達(dá)式的系數(shù),從而得到與本次工程爆破開(kāi)挖相關(guān)的飛石飛行距離的預(yù)測(cè)公式。由于本次工程爆破開(kāi)挖線路較長(zhǎng),可將推導(dǎo)出的飛石拋擲距離預(yù)測(cè)公式用于后期的工程實(shí)際,對(duì)于保證進(jìn)行安全、可靠的爆破開(kāi)挖,有效避免飛石產(chǎn)生的危害以及保證經(jīng)濟(jì)效益最大化或者對(duì)同類(lèi)路基的開(kāi)挖都具有指導(dǎo)和實(shí)用意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China is vigorously building roads, railways and other transport facilities. In the engineering practice of roadbed and tunnel blasting excavation, there are often objects that need to be protected in the surrounding area, such as houses and equipments. However, the flight of blasting flying stone after blasting can not be controlled at all, so it is easy to threaten the protected objects nearby. In order to avoid the threat of blasting flying stone, it is necessary to expend a great deal of manpower, material and financial resources, delay time and production during every blasting excavation, and can not completely eliminate the threat of blasting flying stone. All along, experts and scholars at home and abroad have never stopped studying blasting flying stones, and have put forward their views and opinions on the flying distance of blasting flying stones, but blasting flying stones are subjected to blasting parameters and explosive parameters. Because of the influence of many factors, such as rock mass parameters, it is difficult to predict the flying distance of flying stone by an exact formula. Therefore, it is necessary to study and predict the throwing distance of blasting flying stone in subgrade and tunnel blasting excavation engineering. Through the efforts of many experts and scholars, the theory of rock and soil blasting and the computer simulation technology have been developed and perfected, and the research methods have become more and more diverse. In this paper, the theory of blasting rock breaking and the formation mechanism of flying stone are analyzed first, then the main factors of flying stone are ranked by AHP, and then the throwing process of blasting flying stone is analyzed and studied by means of dimensional analysis method. Finally, the function expression of blasting flying stone to reach the maximum distance is derived. Based on the blasting excavation of roadbed and tunnel in Changganke, the blasting flying stone throwing distance test was carried out. The distance of flying stone throwing after blasting excavation was measured and many groups of test data were obtained by statistics. Finally, the experimental data of each group are fitted linearly by numerical software, and the fitting value is taken as the coefficient of the function expression, thus the prediction formula of flying distance of flying stone related to blasting excavation is obtained. Because the blasting excavation line is long, the derived prediction formula of throwing distance of flying stone can be used in the later engineering practice, which can ensure the safety and reliability of blasting excavation. It is of guiding and practical significance to avoid the harm caused by flying stone and to ensure the maximization of economic benefit or the excavation of similar subgrade.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U213.1;U455.6

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張寬虎,張治安,惠晨;爆炸對(duì)井下巖石的成縫作用[J];火炸藥學(xué)報(bào);1999年02期

2 徐國(guó)元,古德生;爆炸沖擊能和膨脹能破巖作用機(jī)理研究[J];金屬礦山;1998年07期

3 趙春元,胡宇紅,田豐,孫鵬;層次分析法在供應(yīng)鏈管理中選擇供應(yīng)商的應(yīng)用[J];沈陽(yáng)電力高等專(zhuān)科學(xué)校學(xué)報(bào);2003年02期

4 程康,章昌順;深孔梯段爆破飛石距離計(jì)算方法初步探討[J];巖石力學(xué)與工程學(xué)報(bào);2000年04期

5 金旭浩;盧文波;;爆破漏斗理論探討[J];巖土力學(xué);2002年S1期

6 楊小林,王樹(shù)仁;巖石爆破損傷斷裂的細(xì)觀機(jī)理[J];爆炸與沖擊;2000年03期

7 趙顏輝,傅菊根;不同裝藥結(jié)構(gòu)條件下爆炸能量的理論計(jì)算[J];安徽理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2004年03期

8 石必明,俞啟香;低透氣性煤層深孔預(yù)裂控制松動(dòng)爆破防突作用分析[J];建井技術(shù);2002年05期

9 李暉;趙震;辛勇;阮雪榆;;解析分層法在沖模類(lèi)型優(yōu)化選擇中的應(yīng)用[J];金屬成形工藝;2003年02期

10 劉為洲;南山礦凹山采場(chǎng)減震爆破試驗(yàn)研究[J];金屬礦山;2004年06期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 馬增勝;納米壓痕法表征金屬薄膜材料的力學(xué)性能[D];湘潭大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 郝健池;深孔預(yù)裂爆破弱化煤層夾矸相似模擬試驗(yàn)研究[D];安徽理工大學(xué);2016年

2 汪驚奇;三河金能露天采場(chǎng)爆破設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化研究[D];長(zhǎng)沙礦冶研究院有限責(zé)任公司;2014年

3 黎鳴明;近地表隧道微差爆破參數(shù)的確定與數(shù)值模擬[D];重慶大學(xué);2013年

4 謝曉鋒;立交下穿隧道爆破施工對(duì)既有隧道動(dòng)力響應(yīng)研究[D];長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué);2013年

5 吳文釗;爆破飛石作用下連拱隧道中隔墻的動(dòng)力分析[D];長(zhǎng)沙理工大學(xué);2013年

6 姚鵬;炸藥與巖石的匹配分析研究[D];武漢理工大學(xué);2011年

7 李鈺璽;隧道爆破施工對(duì)臨近既有隧道結(jié)構(gòu)安全的影響[D];重慶交通大學(xué);2010年

8 楊文強(qiáng);孔群噴注噪聲理論與實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];哈爾濱工程大學(xué);2010年

9 李振;爆破個(gè)別飛散物的拋飛規(guī)律研究及控制防護(hù)[D];山東科技大學(xué);2009年

10 張峰濤;巖石在柱狀耦合裝藥作用下的爆炸能量分布[D];華中科技大學(xué);2007年

，

本文編號(hào)：2198660