【摘要】：橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的健康狀態(tài)對(duì)于交通運(yùn)輸乃至國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展都有著重要影響,如何實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)損傷部位的定位和損傷程度的判斷,以便及時(shí)加以修護(hù)是當(dāng)前橋梁健康診斷領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn)。本文針對(duì)拱橋結(jié)構(gòu)的拱肋損傷問題進(jìn)行研究,提出基于撓度影響線原理的損傷識(shí)別方法,并對(duì)其有效性進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,完成的主要研究工作如下:1.對(duì)目前國內(nèi)外常用的幾種損傷識(shí)別方法包括:模態(tài)振型法、柔度矩陣法和固有頻率法進(jìn)行了對(duì)比研究。首先介紹各類方法的理論基礎(chǔ),然后采用有限元軟件Midas/Civil建立了單拱結(jié)構(gòu)帶損傷的有限元模型,對(duì)以上幾種既有方法的有效性進(jìn)行了數(shù)值算例驗(yàn)證,并對(duì)比分析了幾種方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。2.介紹了拱結(jié)構(gòu)的變形幾何關(guān)系和振動(dòng)理論,研究了撓度影響線法的基本原理,在總結(jié)前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了基于拱肋撓度影響線及其一、二階導(dǎo)數(shù)差值的拱結(jié)構(gòu)損傷識(shí)別方法,通過數(shù)值算例表明,該方法對(duì)拱結(jié)構(gòu)損傷敏感,能有效定位損傷和評(píng)估損傷程度。此外,本文還利用有限元方法模擬分析了不同加載速度對(duì)于損傷識(shí)別效果的影響。3.研究了基于撓度影響線損傷識(shí)別方法中位移傳感器的優(yōu)化布置方法,利用有效獨(dú)立法和改進(jìn)的有效獨(dú)立法進(jìn)行不同工況拱結(jié)構(gòu)的測點(diǎn)優(yōu)化計(jì)算,并用Midas數(shù)值算例進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)算。通過與簡支梁進(jìn)行對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),與簡支梁不同,拱結(jié)構(gòu)1/4跨附近撓度影響線幅值較大,易于測量,能更為有效地識(shí)別損傷。4.進(jìn)行了大量單拱模型的損傷識(shí)別試驗(yàn)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下,采用撓度影響線法對(duì)不同工況的拱結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了損傷識(shí)別,并對(duì)比分析了不同撓度測點(diǎn)對(duì)損傷識(shí)別的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,撓度影響線二階導(dǎo)數(shù)差能有效定位損傷并判斷損傷程度。不同測點(diǎn)的撓度影響線幅值差異較大,選取合理測點(diǎn)的撓度影響線進(jìn)行損傷識(shí)別為拱結(jié)構(gòu)損傷檢測提供了一種新的方法。
[Abstract]:The health status of bridge structure has an important impact on transportation and even the development of national economy. How to realize the location of bridge structure damage and how to judge the damage degree. In order to repair in time is the current research hotspot in the field of bridge health diagnosis. In this paper, the arch rib damage problem of arch bridge structure is studied, and a damage identification method based on deflection influence line principle is proposed, and its effectiveness is verified by experiments. The main research work is as follows: 1. Several damage identification methods used at home and abroad, including modal mode method, flexibility matrix method and natural frequency method, are compared and studied. Firstly, the theoretical basis of various methods is introduced, then the finite element model of single arch structure with damage is established by using the finite element software Midas/Civil, and the effectiveness of these existing methods is verified by numerical examples. The advantages and disadvantages of several methods are compared and analyzed. The deformation geometry relation and vibration theory of arch structure are introduced. The basic principle of deflection influence line method is studied. The second derivative difference method is used to identify the damage of arch structure. Numerical examples show that the method is sensitive to the damage of arch structure and can effectively locate the damage and evaluate the damage degree. In addition, the finite element method is used to simulate and analyze the effect of different loading speed on damage identification. The optimal arrangement method of displacement sensor based on deflection effect line damage identification method is studied. The effective independent method and the improved effective independent method are used to calculate the optimum measuring points of arch structures under different working conditions. An Midas numerical example is used to verify the results. By comparing with simply supported beam, it is found that, unlike simply supported beam, the deflection near 1 / 4 span of arch structure has a great effect on the amplitude of the line, which is easy to measure and can be used to identify damage more effectively. A large number of single arch model damage identification tests were carried out. Under laboratory conditions, the damage identification of arch structures under different working conditions was carried out by using deflection influence line method, and the effects of different deflection measuring points on damage identification were compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the second derivative difference of deflection can effectively locate the damage and judge the damage degree. The deflection influence line amplitude of different measuring points is quite different. Selecting the deflection influence line of reasonable measuring points to identify the damage of arch structure provides a new method for the damage detection of arch structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U446

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