橋梁排架結(jié)構(gòu)地震破壞機(jī)理及損傷控制方法
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-18 15:36
【摘要】：美國Loma Prieta地震、日本Kobe地震、中國汶川地震及集集地震中的橋梁震害,均證實了橋梁排架結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震薄弱性。為研究橋梁排架地震破壞機(jī)理并發(fā)展排架地震損傷控制方法,本文基于OpenSees數(shù)值分析平臺,建立了考慮彎曲、剪切和縱筋粘結(jié)滑移變形的鋼筋混凝土橋墩抗震數(shù)值分析模型,通過與試驗結(jié)果對比,驗證了模型的正確性。提出了設(shè)置延性系梁和防屈曲支撐(Buckling Restrained Brace, BRB)對鋼筋混凝土排架進(jìn)行損傷控制的抗震措施并進(jìn)行了數(shù)值驗證。本文主要工作和結(jié)論如下：1.為研究縱筋粘結(jié)滑移變形對鋼筋混凝土橋墩地震反應(yīng)的影響,基于OpenSees中的非線性梁柱單元、零長度轉(zhuǎn)動彈簧單元和零長度剪切彈簧單元,建立了8個考慮彎曲變形、粘結(jié)滑移變形和剪切變形的橋墩抗震數(shù)值分析模型。將模擬得到的滯回曲線,墩頂彎曲、粘結(jié)滑移和剪切變形等成分與試驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比。結(jié)果表明,所建模型對各橋墩的滯回曲線、各變形成分、初始剛度和殘余位移有較好的模擬效果。且粘結(jié)滑移變形占墩頂總位移成分比例較大,約為20-50%,在數(shù)值模型中不可忽略。2.為研究OpenSees中的非確定參數(shù)對數(shù)值模型中殘余位移模擬的敏感性問題,建立了考慮彎曲變形和粘結(jié)滑移變形的數(shù)值分析模型,對橋墩進(jìn)行動力時程分析,在關(guān)鍵參數(shù)可以根據(jù)試驗和試件設(shè)計確定的基礎(chǔ)上,通過改變軟件中的7個非確定參數(shù),對非確定參數(shù)進(jìn)行殘余位移模擬的敏感性分析,并與試驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,以驗證影響效果。結(jié)果表明,非確定參數(shù)對多條地震動中殘余位移最大值影響較為明顯,且通過調(diào)整,可以獲得較好的殘余位移模擬精度。3.為研究高強(qiáng)箍筋高強(qiáng)混凝土墩柱抗震性能,基于Elwood建立的普通強(qiáng)度鋼筋混凝土墩柱變形能力計算公式,對22個高強(qiáng)箍筋高強(qiáng)混凝土柱擬靜力試驗進(jìn)行分析,驗證了Elwood剪切破壞面對高強(qiáng)箍筋高強(qiáng)混凝土墩柱的適用性。使用Elwood模型模擬6個發(fā)生彎剪破壞的高強(qiáng)箍筋高強(qiáng)混凝土柱,將模擬與試驗滯回曲線進(jìn)行對比,結(jié)果表明,滯回曲線吻合較好,修正模型對高強(qiáng)箍筋高強(qiáng)混凝土柱的強(qiáng)度、剛度退化、殘余位移等具有較好的模擬精度。4.為提高橋梁排架橫橋向抗震能力,減少橋墩地震損傷破壞,提出在排架中設(shè)置延性系梁的設(shè)想并給出了設(shè)計構(gòu)造措施。建立了無系梁排架和設(shè)置延性系梁排架抗震數(shù)值分析模型,通過擬靜力和增量動力分析(IDA)手段討論了延性系梁設(shè)置對減少排架地震反應(yīng)的效果。結(jié)果表明：延性系梁提高了橋梁排架橫橋向的強(qiáng)度和剛度,地震作用下,系梁先于排架橋墩發(fā)生屈服,形成塑性鉸并耗散地震能量,延緩了橋墩的破壞過程,并減少了橋梁排架的變形需求。5.為研究BRB對橋梁排架的損傷控制效果,提出了設(shè)置BRB提高排架橫橋向抗震能力的設(shè)想,以一個橋梁排架抗震擬靜力試驗結(jié)果為依據(jù),建立了無BRB排架和加BRB排架抗震數(shù)值分析模型,并進(jìn)行擬靜力分析和增量動力分析(IDA)。結(jié)果表明：BRB核心段長度的選擇是影響排架屈服順序的關(guān)鍵,合理設(shè)計的BRB先于橋梁排架構(gòu)件發(fā)生屈服并消耗地震能量,延緩了排架本身的屈服過程,提高了橋梁排架的抗震性能。
[Abstract]:The earthquake damage of the Loma Prieta earthquake in the United States, the Kobe earthquake in Japan, the Wenchuan earthquake in China and the bridge earthquake in the gathering earthquake proved the seismic weakness of the bridge frame structure. In order to study the seismic failure mechanism of the bridge arrangement and develop the method of controlling the seismic damage of the frame, this paper is based on the OpenSees numerical analysis platform to consider the bending, shear and longitudinal reinforcement. The seismic numerical analysis model of reinforced concrete bridge pier with bond slip deformation is compared with the test results to verify the correctness of the model. The seismic measures for the damage control of the reinforced concrete frame with the ductile beam and the Buckling Restrained Brace, BRB are put forward and the numerical verification is carried out. The results are as follows: 1. in order to study the effect of the bond slip deformation on the seismic response of the reinforced concrete bridge pier, based on the nonlinear beam column element in OpenSees, the zero length rotating spring element and the zero length shear spring element, 8 numerical models for seismic analysis of bridge piers with bending deformation, bond slip deformation and shear deformation are established. The simulated hysteresis curve, the pier top bending, the bond slip and the shear deformation are compared with the experimental results. The results show that the model has a better simulation effect on the hysteretic curve, the deformation components, the initial stiffness and the residual displacement of the pier, and the proportion of the total displacement of the pier top is about 20. -50%, in the numerical model,.2. can not be ignored to study the sensitivity of the non deterministic parameters in OpenSees to the simulation of residual displacement in the numerical model. A numerical model is established to consider the bending deformation and bond slip deformation, and the dynamic time history analysis of the piers is carried out. The key parameters can be based on the basis of test and test design. By changing the 7 non deterministic parameters in the software, the sensitivity analysis of the residual displacement simulation of the uncertain parameters is analyzed and compared with the experimental results to verify the effect. The results show that the influence of the undetermined parameters on the maximum residual displacement in the multiple ground motions is more obvious, and a better residual position can be obtained through adjustment. In order to study the seismic performance of high strength reinforced concrete pier columns with high strength stirrup,.3. is based on the formula for calculating the deformation capacity of ordinary strength reinforced concrete pier column based on Elwood. The pseudo static test of 22 high-strength reinforced concrete columns with high strength stirrup is analyzed, and the applicability of Elwood shear failure surface to high strength concrete pier columns with high strength stirrup is verified. The Elwood model is used to simulate 6 high-strength concrete columns with high strength stirrup and shear failure. The simulation and experimental hysteretic curves are compared. The results show that the hysteresis curve is in good agreement. The modified model has a better simulation precision of the strength, stiffness degradation and residual displacement of the high-strength stirrup high strength concrete column.4. to improve the bridge frame cross section. The seismic capacity of the bridge is reduced and the seismic damage and damage of the pier are reduced. The idea of setting the ductile beam in the frame is proposed and the design construction measures are given. The seismic numerical analysis model of the unsupported beam row and the ductile beam frame is set up, and the ductile beam setting to reduce the frame earthquake is discussed by means of the pseudo static and incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). The results show that the ductile beam increases the strength and stiffness of the cross bridge direction of the bridge frame. Under the earthquake action, the girder is yielding to the pier before the pier, forming plastic hinge and dissipating the seismic energy, delaying the failure process of the pier, and reducing the change requirement of the bridge row frame.5. to study the damage control of the bridge arrangement by BRB. The effect is proposed by setting up BRB to improve the aseismic ability of the horizontal bridge. Based on the results of the pseudo static test of a bridge frame, a numerical model of the anti earthquake resistance of the BRB frame and the BRB frame is set up, and the pseudo static analysis and the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) are carried out. The results show that the selection of the length of the core section of the BRB is to affect the arrangement of the frame. The key of order is the rational design of BRB before the bridge frame members yield and consume seismic energy, delay the yield process of the frame itself and improve the seismic performance of the bridge frame.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U442.55
本文編號：2132360
[Abstract]:The earthquake damage of the Loma Prieta earthquake in the United States, the Kobe earthquake in Japan, the Wenchuan earthquake in China and the bridge earthquake in the gathering earthquake proved the seismic weakness of the bridge frame structure. In order to study the seismic failure mechanism of the bridge arrangement and develop the method of controlling the seismic damage of the frame, this paper is based on the OpenSees numerical analysis platform to consider the bending, shear and longitudinal reinforcement. The seismic numerical analysis model of reinforced concrete bridge pier with bond slip deformation is compared with the test results to verify the correctness of the model. The seismic measures for the damage control of the reinforced concrete frame with the ductile beam and the Buckling Restrained Brace, BRB are put forward and the numerical verification is carried out. The results are as follows: 1. in order to study the effect of the bond slip deformation on the seismic response of the reinforced concrete bridge pier, based on the nonlinear beam column element in OpenSees, the zero length rotating spring element and the zero length shear spring element, 8 numerical models for seismic analysis of bridge piers with bending deformation, bond slip deformation and shear deformation are established. The simulated hysteresis curve, the pier top bending, the bond slip and the shear deformation are compared with the experimental results. The results show that the model has a better simulation effect on the hysteretic curve, the deformation components, the initial stiffness and the residual displacement of the pier, and the proportion of the total displacement of the pier top is about 20. -50%, in the numerical model,.2. can not be ignored to study the sensitivity of the non deterministic parameters in OpenSees to the simulation of residual displacement in the numerical model. A numerical model is established to consider the bending deformation and bond slip deformation, and the dynamic time history analysis of the piers is carried out. The key parameters can be based on the basis of test and test design. By changing the 7 non deterministic parameters in the software, the sensitivity analysis of the residual displacement simulation of the uncertain parameters is analyzed and compared with the experimental results to verify the effect. The results show that the influence of the undetermined parameters on the maximum residual displacement in the multiple ground motions is more obvious, and a better residual position can be obtained through adjustment. In order to study the seismic performance of high strength reinforced concrete pier columns with high strength stirrup,.3. is based on the formula for calculating the deformation capacity of ordinary strength reinforced concrete pier column based on Elwood. The pseudo static test of 22 high-strength reinforced concrete columns with high strength stirrup is analyzed, and the applicability of Elwood shear failure surface to high strength concrete pier columns with high strength stirrup is verified. The Elwood model is used to simulate 6 high-strength concrete columns with high strength stirrup and shear failure. The simulation and experimental hysteretic curves are compared. The results show that the hysteresis curve is in good agreement. The modified model has a better simulation precision of the strength, stiffness degradation and residual displacement of the high-strength stirrup high strength concrete column.4. to improve the bridge frame cross section. The seismic capacity of the bridge is reduced and the seismic damage and damage of the pier are reduced. The idea of setting the ductile beam in the frame is proposed and the design construction measures are given. The seismic numerical analysis model of the unsupported beam row and the ductile beam frame is set up, and the ductile beam setting to reduce the frame earthquake is discussed by means of the pseudo static and incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). The results show that the ductile beam increases the strength and stiffness of the cross bridge direction of the bridge frame. Under the earthquake action, the girder is yielding to the pier before the pier, forming plastic hinge and dissipating the seismic energy, delaying the failure process of the pier, and reducing the change requirement of the bridge row frame.5. to study the damage control of the bridge arrangement by BRB. The effect is proposed by setting up BRB to improve the aseismic ability of the horizontal bridge. Based on the results of the pseudo static test of a bridge frame, a numerical model of the anti earthquake resistance of the BRB frame and the BRB frame is set up, and the pseudo static analysis and the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) are carried out. The results show that the selection of the length of the core section of the BRB is to affect the arrangement of the frame. The key of order is the rational design of BRB before the bridge frame members yield and consume seismic energy, delay the yield process of the frame itself and improve the seismic performance of the bridge frame.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U442.55
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