面向VISSIM的交通仿真基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查與設(shè)置優(yōu)化方法研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-15 22:13
【摘要】：交通仿真必須依靠詳實(shí)的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),正確的基礎(chǔ)路網(wǎng)設(shè)置方法和合適的運(yùn)動(dòng)模型參數(shù)標(biāo)定,才能真實(shí)的再現(xiàn)和模擬交通現(xiàn)象。目前的相關(guān)研究大部分是針對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)模型進(jìn)行標(biāo)定的,而且基本上是基于較早版本進(jìn)行的,注重相關(guān)理論研究。對(duì)如何進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)完善的獲得具有可驗(yàn)證性交通數(shù)據(jù)的交通調(diào)查,如何進(jìn)行正確的基礎(chǔ)仿真設(shè)置操作研究較少,且尚無(wú)對(duì)中國(guó)混合交通系統(tǒng)一些特定問(wèn)題進(jìn)行仿真設(shè)置的系統(tǒng)總結(jié)。一線工作人員缺少一套可直接用于指導(dǎo)仿真實(shí)踐的系統(tǒng)實(shí)用的交通仿真參數(shù)標(biāo)定方法。本文針基于較高的軟件版本,在交通調(diào)查設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施、基礎(chǔ)仿真設(shè)置方法、運(yùn)動(dòng)模型標(biāo)定方法三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究,希望系統(tǒng)總結(jié)一套實(shí)用的優(yōu)化設(shè)置方法,為一線交通仿真工作人員所用。交通調(diào)查設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施。通過(guò)大量的調(diào)查實(shí)踐,系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了為交通仿真系統(tǒng)提供數(shù)據(jù)的交通調(diào)查方法。在調(diào)查準(zhǔn)備及儀器布設(shè)方法上,提出采用視頻攝像法與人工調(diào)查相結(jié)合的方法,并詳細(xì)介紹了調(diào)查中不同路況需要的人員、設(shè)備,及其安排與布設(shè)。針對(duì)仿真中需要的流量、車速、信號(hào)配時(shí)等數(shù)據(jù)給出了的實(shí)用的數(shù)據(jù)采集方法,使交通調(diào)查可以順利采集到交通仿真系統(tǒng)所需數(shù)據(jù)。通過(guò)本方法采集的數(shù)據(jù)具有可驗(yàn)證性,避免了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采集誤差無(wú)法糾正的問(wèn)題。基礎(chǔ)仿真設(shè)置方法。針對(duì)道路渠化及交通標(biāo)志、交通流、交通管制、延誤檢測(cè)四個(gè)方面在軟件中的標(biāo)定設(shè)置方法進(jìn)行研究。在道路渠化、交通標(biāo)志方面研究了機(jī)非混行道路在仿真中的分割方法;連接器的原理及連接方法;左轉(zhuǎn)待時(shí)區(qū)在仿真中的設(shè)置。在交通流方面主要對(duì)多性能車道的路徑?jīng)Q策進(jìn)行研究;以及仿真中的車速分布設(shè)置進(jìn)行研究。在交通管制方面對(duì)信號(hào)配時(shí)及交叉口沖突進(jìn)行研究。在延誤檢測(cè)方面主要對(duì)延誤檢測(cè)區(qū)段及仿真開(kāi)始時(shí)路網(wǎng)填充時(shí)段的舍去進(jìn)行研究。針對(duì)目前中國(guó)混合交通的一些特殊問(wèn)題,如電動(dòng)自行車和自行車高低速混合行駛的問(wèn)題,自行車左轉(zhuǎn)二次過(guò)街問(wèn)題,行人信號(hào)的遲起早斷問(wèn)題,一一給出了設(shè)置方法和應(yīng)注意的問(wèn)題。運(yùn)動(dòng)模型標(biāo)定方法。主要針對(duì)機(jī)動(dòng)車的駕駛行為模型參數(shù)進(jìn)行標(biāo)定,對(duì)非機(jī)動(dòng)車的情況進(jìn)行了定性分析。運(yùn)動(dòng)模型參數(shù)標(biāo)定方面所引用的數(shù)學(xué)方法與較多研究相同,但研究對(duì)象不同。大多數(shù)學(xué)者分析了跟車模型的參數(shù)以及部分車道變換模型參數(shù),本論文對(duì)全部的車道變換模型參數(shù)(最大減速度、-1 m/s2的距離、可接受的減速度、消失前的等待時(shí)間、安全距離折減系數(shù)、協(xié)調(diào)剎車的最大減速度),橫向行為參數(shù)、信號(hào)控制參數(shù)(降低系數(shù)、開(kāi)始于停車線上游、開(kāi)始于停車線下游)進(jìn)行研究,研究情況更加全面。通過(guò)取值分析并進(jìn)行正交試驗(yàn),最終確定參數(shù)的取值范圍,達(dá)到了標(biāo)定的目的。本文基于較高版本的仿真軟件,通過(guò)對(duì)交通調(diào)查方法,基礎(chǔ)仿真設(shè)置方法,運(yùn)動(dòng)模型標(biāo)定方法三個(gè)方面上的研究,得到一套實(shí)用的VISSIM仿真優(yōu)化設(shè)置方法,在方法中兼顧了目前中國(guó)混合交通的特色,并用實(shí)例證明了標(biāo)定方法的有效性。與以往相關(guān)研究相比,該方法總結(jié)了可進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證的交通調(diào)查方法,正確的基礎(chǔ)路網(wǎng)設(shè)置方法,注重系統(tǒng)實(shí)用,總結(jié)分析了較多以前研究中簡(jiǎn)化了的具體操作問(wèn)題,其作用可相當(dāng)于一線交通仿真人員的操作手冊(cè)。對(duì)于推動(dòng)交通仿真工作的普及,推動(dòng)交通仿真工作精度的進(jìn)一步提升,具有積極意義。
[Abstract]:The traffic simulation must rely on the detailed investigation data, the correct basic road network setting method and the appropriate motion model parameter calibration, can the real reappear and simulate the traffic phenomenon. The current related research is mostly based on the calibration of the motion model, and is basically based on the earlier version, paying attention to the related theory research. There is little research on how to obtain the traffic data with verifiable traffic data and how to carry out the correct basic simulation setting operation, and there is no systematic summary of the simulation setting of some specific problems in China's mixed traffic system. Based on the high software version, this paper studies the traffic investigation design and implementation, the basic simulation setting method and the motion model calibration method in three aspects. It is hoped that the system will summarize a set of practical optimization methods for the one line traffic simulation staff. Through a large number of investigation and practice, this paper systematically summarizes the traffic investigation method which provides data for the traffic simulation system. In the investigation preparation and equipment layout methods, the method of combining video camera with artificial investigation is put forward, and the personnel, equipment, arrangement and layout of different road conditions in the investigation are introduced in detail. The practical data acquisition methods are given in the actual data, such as traffic, speed, signal timing and other data, so that the traffic investigation can be successfully collected to the data required for the traffic simulation system. The data collected through this method are verifiable and avoid the problem that the field acquisition error can not be corrected. The basic simulation setting method is aimed at road channelization. The method of calibration setting in four aspects of traffic signs, traffic signs, traffic flow, traffic control and delay detection is studied. In the aspect of road channelization and traffic signs, the segmentation method of the non mixed road in the simulation is studied, the principle and connection method of the connector, the setting of the left turn to the time zone in the simulation, and the main traffic flow in the aspect of traffic flow. Research on path decision of performance lane; research on speed distribution setting in simulation. Research on signal timing and intersection conflict in traffic control. In the aspect of delay detection, we mainly study the delay detection section and the filling period of road network at the start of simulation. Some special problems, such as the problem of high and low speed mixed driving of electric bicycles and bicycles, two times on the left turn of bicycles and the delay of pedestrian signal, give the setting method and the problem that should be paid attention to one by one. The calibration method of the motion model is mainly used to calibrate the driving behavior model parameters of the motor vehicle, and to the non motor vehicle. The mathematical method cited in the parameter calibration of the motion model is the same as that of more research, but the research object is different. Most scholars have analyzed the parameters of the car heel model and the parameters of the partial lane change model. The total number of lane change models (maximum subtraction, -1 m/s2 distance) is acceptable. The speed reduction, the waiting time before the disappearance, the safety distance reduction coefficient, the maximum reducing speed of the brake, the lateral behavior parameters, the signal control parameters (the reduction coefficient, the upstream of the parking line, the downstream of the parking line) are studied and the research situation is more comprehensive. The value of the parameters is determined by the value analysis and the orthogonal test. In this paper, based on the higher version of the simulation software, through the research on three aspects of the traffic investigation method, the basic simulation setting method and the motion model calibration method, a set of practical VISSIM simulation optimization setting method is obtained. In the method, the characteristics of the mixed traffic in China are also taken into account, and the example is proved by an example. Compared with the previous research, the method summarizes the traffic investigation method which can be verified by the data, the correct basic road network setting method, the system practicality, and the analysis of the simplified operation problems in the previous studies, which can be used as the operation manual of the front-line traffic simulator. It is of positive significance to promote the popularization of traffic simulation and further improve the accuracy of traffic simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491
[Abstract]:The traffic simulation must rely on the detailed investigation data, the correct basic road network setting method and the appropriate motion model parameter calibration, can the real reappear and simulate the traffic phenomenon. The current related research is mostly based on the calibration of the motion model, and is basically based on the earlier version, paying attention to the related theory research. There is little research on how to obtain the traffic data with verifiable traffic data and how to carry out the correct basic simulation setting operation, and there is no systematic summary of the simulation setting of some specific problems in China's mixed traffic system. Based on the high software version, this paper studies the traffic investigation design and implementation, the basic simulation setting method and the motion model calibration method in three aspects. It is hoped that the system will summarize a set of practical optimization methods for the one line traffic simulation staff. Through a large number of investigation and practice, this paper systematically summarizes the traffic investigation method which provides data for the traffic simulation system. In the investigation preparation and equipment layout methods, the method of combining video camera with artificial investigation is put forward, and the personnel, equipment, arrangement and layout of different road conditions in the investigation are introduced in detail. The practical data acquisition methods are given in the actual data, such as traffic, speed, signal timing and other data, so that the traffic investigation can be successfully collected to the data required for the traffic simulation system. The data collected through this method are verifiable and avoid the problem that the field acquisition error can not be corrected. The basic simulation setting method is aimed at road channelization. The method of calibration setting in four aspects of traffic signs, traffic signs, traffic flow, traffic control and delay detection is studied. In the aspect of road channelization and traffic signs, the segmentation method of the non mixed road in the simulation is studied, the principle and connection method of the connector, the setting of the left turn to the time zone in the simulation, and the main traffic flow in the aspect of traffic flow. Research on path decision of performance lane; research on speed distribution setting in simulation. Research on signal timing and intersection conflict in traffic control. In the aspect of delay detection, we mainly study the delay detection section and the filling period of road network at the start of simulation. Some special problems, such as the problem of high and low speed mixed driving of electric bicycles and bicycles, two times on the left turn of bicycles and the delay of pedestrian signal, give the setting method and the problem that should be paid attention to one by one. The calibration method of the motion model is mainly used to calibrate the driving behavior model parameters of the motor vehicle, and to the non motor vehicle. The mathematical method cited in the parameter calibration of the motion model is the same as that of more research, but the research object is different. Most scholars have analyzed the parameters of the car heel model and the parameters of the partial lane change model. The total number of lane change models (maximum subtraction, -1 m/s2 distance) is acceptable. The speed reduction, the waiting time before the disappearance, the safety distance reduction coefficient, the maximum reducing speed of the brake, the lateral behavior parameters, the signal control parameters (the reduction coefficient, the upstream of the parking line, the downstream of the parking line) are studied and the research situation is more comprehensive. The value of the parameters is determined by the value analysis and the orthogonal test. In this paper, based on the higher version of the simulation software, through the research on three aspects of the traffic investigation method, the basic simulation setting method and the motion model calibration method, a set of practical VISSIM simulation optimization setting method is obtained. In the method, the characteristics of the mixed traffic in China are also taken into account, and the example is proved by an example. Compared with the previous research, the method summarizes the traffic investigation method which can be verified by the data, the correct basic road network setting method, the system practicality, and the analysis of the simplified operation problems in the previous studies, which can be used as the operation manual of the front-line traffic simulator. It is of positive significance to promote the popularization of traffic simulation and further improve the accuracy of traffic simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U491
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