【摘要】：橡膠類改性劑對(duì)瀝青性能的改善比較全面,不僅能夠提升瀝青的高溫抗變形能力,而且對(duì)瀝青低溫柔韌性的改善作用也非常明顯;而聚乙烯類改性劑雖然能夠大幅提升瀝青的硬度,降低路面在高溫、車輛荷載作用下的變形,但對(duì)瀝青低溫性能的改善作用有限�？紤]到兩類改性劑的各自特點(diǎn),以及當(dāng)前廢舊聚合物所引發(fā)的日益嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,本文以廢輪胎橡膠粉(WTR)和再生低密度聚乙烯(RPE)為改性劑,制備了WTR/RPE復(fù)合改性瀝青,并對(duì)其加工工藝、性能以及作用機(jī)理進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究。本文的主要內(nèi)容如下:首先,利用正交試驗(yàn)方法研究了加工工藝對(duì)WTR/RPE復(fù)合改性瀝青的針入度、軟化點(diǎn)、延度等常規(guī)性能的影響,結(jié)果表明加工工藝對(duì)WTR/RPE復(fù)合改性瀝青的性能有重要影響。此外,通過(guò)對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行直觀分析,得到了不同工藝參數(shù)對(duì)WTR/RPE復(fù)合改性瀝青各項(xiàng)性能的影響規(guī)律,并確定了高速剪切攪拌法制備WTR/RPE復(fù)合改性瀝青的最佳工藝。其次,從常規(guī)性能、流變性能、老化性能三個(gè)方面對(duì)WTR/RPE復(fù)合改性瀝青的性能進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果表明復(fù)合改性后,WTR和RPE在復(fù)合改性瀝青中形成了聚合物網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu),瀝青的高溫性能和抗老化能力得到了明顯的改善;然而WTR/RPE復(fù)合改性對(duì)瀝青低溫性能的影響有待商榷,因?yàn)橄鄬?duì)于基質(zhì)瀝青,盡管WTR/RPE復(fù)合改性瀝青有較好的低溫柔性,但其低溫時(shí)的應(yīng)力分散能力較差。最后,采用熒光顯微鏡、紅外光譜、熱重和示差掃描量熱分析等微觀手段分析了WTR/RPE和瀝青的相互作用機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明WTR和RPE對(duì)瀝青的復(fù)合改性既包含物理改性也包含化學(xué)改性;加入瀝青后,WTR與RPE相互粘附,在瀝青相中形成了均勻連續(xù)的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu),不僅使RPE的粒徑變小、分散程度增加,而且也改善了RPE與瀝青相的相容性;另外,經(jīng)WTR/RPE復(fù)合改性后,瀝青的熱穩(wěn)定性得到了明顯的改善,其各組分的熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)更趨于一致。
[Abstract]:Rubber modifier can not only improve asphalt performance at high temperature, but also improve asphalt flexibility at low temperature. Although polyethylene modifier can greatly improve the hardness of asphalt and reduce the deformation of pavement under high temperature and vehicle load, the improvement of asphalt performance at low temperature is limited. Considering the characteristics of the two modifiers and the increasingly serious environmental problems caused by the waste polymer, WTR / RPE composite modified asphalt was prepared with waste tire rubber powder (WTR) and recycled low density polyethylene (RPE) as modifiers. The processing technology, properties and action mechanism were studied experimentally. The main contents of this paper are as follows: firstly, the effects of processing technology on the penetration, softening point and ductility of WTR / RPE composite modified asphalt are studied by orthogonal test. The results show that the processing technology has an important effect on the properties of WTR / RPE composite modified asphalt. In addition, the effects of different technological parameters on the properties of WTR / RPE composite modified asphalt were obtained by analyzing the test results directly, and the optimum process of preparing WTR / RPE composite modified asphalt by high speed shear stirring method was determined. Secondly, the performance of WTR / RPE composite modified asphalt was evaluated from three aspects: conventional performance, rheological property and aging property. The results showed that the composite modification of WTR and RPE formed polymer network structure in the composite modified asphalt, and the high temperature performance and aging resistance of the asphalt were improved obviously, but the influence of WTR / RPE composite modification on the low temperature performance of the asphalt was discussed. Compared with the base asphalt, WTR / RPE composite modified asphalt has better low temperature flexibility, but its stress dispersion ability is poor at low temperature. Finally, the interaction mechanism between WTR / RPE and asphalt was analyzed by means of fluorescence microscope, infrared spectrum, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that the composite modification of asphalt by WTR and RPE includes both physical modification and chemical modification, and after adding asphalt, WTR adheres to RPE and forms a uniform and continuous network structure in the asphalt phase, which not only makes the particle size of RPE smaller, The degree of dispersion increased and the compatibility between RPE and asphalt phase was improved. In addition, the thermal stability of asphalt was obviously improved after modified by WTR / RPE, and the thermodynamic properties of each component were more consistent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U414

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