本文選題：土壓平衡式盾構(gòu)機 + 刀盤　； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,作為地下隧道的主要挖掘工具,盾構(gòu)機正在我國鐵道、公路、地鐵工程的建設(shè)中發(fā)揮著難以替代的作用。由于盾構(gòu)機的掘進(jìn)效率在很大程度上受到其刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,因此對各型盾構(gòu)機的刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析與優(yōu)化設(shè)計就有著非常重要的意義。本文以蘭州地鐵線路施工所用某型土壓平衡式盾構(gòu)機的刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)為研究對象,通過對其在正常工況、最大推力工況以及靜啟動脫困工況下靜強度、剛度、疲勞強度、固有頻率等力學(xué)性能參數(shù)的分析,提出了針對其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)優(yōu)化的建議。本文首先應(yīng)用ANSYS Workbench軟件分析了刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)在正常工況下的力學(xué)性能。根據(jù)所得出的等效應(yīng)力、總變形量與名義疲勞壽命云圖,判定出該型盾構(gòu)機刀盤上靜強度與疲勞強度最弱的部位位于牛腿靠近面板背面的外角點位置,而其剛度相對較弱的部位則位于兩塊未開出渣口面板的外邊緣。其次,針對現(xiàn)用刀盤存在的不足提出了改進(jìn)設(shè)計方案。通過對改進(jìn)后的刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在刀盤開口率從35%變至37%的情況下,該刀盤強度最弱部位在正常工況下的靜強度與名義疲勞壽命可分別提升37%與221%,而面板外邊緣處的變形量則可降低約15%。第三,在靜力學(xué)分析的基礎(chǔ)上對改進(jìn)前后的刀盤進(jìn)行了動力學(xué)分析,得到了刀盤的振型云圖、前六階固有頻率、幅值最大處的頻率以及最大幅值。計算表明改進(jìn)前后刀盤的低階固有頻率由原來的35.58 Hz增大至36.89 Hz,Z軸方向上的最大幅值由47.93 mm減小至46.05 mm。最后,采用多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化法對刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)的主要尺寸進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計。通過以改進(jìn)后刀盤的最大等效應(yīng)力σi max、總變形量emax和刀盤質(zhì)量m為目標(biāo)函數(shù),而以其面板上第二至第五環(huán)筋板的壁厚t2、t3、t4、t5和橢圓形牛腿內(nèi)孔的半徑r為設(shè)計變量,在利用ANSYS Workbench軟件中的Design Explorer模塊對刀盤尺寸進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計后,刀盤強度最弱部位在正常工況下的靜強度與名義疲勞壽命均可分別得到進(jìn)一步的提升。上述研究結(jié)果為蘭州地鐵掘進(jìn)施工所用某型土壓平衡式盾構(gòu)機刀盤結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as the main excavation tool of underground tunnel, shield machine is playing an irreplaceable role in the construction of railway, highway and subway engineering in China. Because the tunneling efficiency of shield machine is greatly affected by its cutter head structure, it is of great significance to analyze and optimize the structure of the cutter head of each type of shield machine. In this paper, the cutter head structure of a kind of earth pressure balance shield machine used in the construction of Lanzhou metro line is taken as the research object, and its static strength, stiffness and fatigue strength under normal working condition, maximum thrust condition and static start-up and relief condition are analyzed. Based on the analysis of mechanical properties such as natural frequency, suggestions for improving and optimizing its structure are put forward. In this paper, the mechanical properties of cutter head structure under normal working condition are analyzed by ANSYS Workbench software. According to the equivalent stress, total deformation and nominal fatigue life of the shield machine, it is determined that the weakest part of static strength and fatigue strength on the cutter head of the shield machine is located at the outer corner of the corbel near the back of the panel. The relatively weak stiffness is located on the outer edge of two uncut slags. Secondly, an improved design scheme is put forward in view of the shortcomings of the current cutter head. By analyzing the structure of the improved cutter head, it is found that when the opening rate of the cutter head changes from 35% to 37%, The static strength and nominal fatigue life of the weakest part of the cutter can be increased by 37% and 221% respectively under normal working conditions, while the deformation at the outer edge of the panel can be reduced by about 15%. Thirdly, on the basis of static analysis, the dynamic analysis of the improved cutter head is carried out, and the vibration pattern of the cutter head, the first six natural frequencies, the frequency of the maximum amplitude and the maximum amplitude are obtained. The calculation shows that the low order natural frequency of the improved cutter head increases from 35.58 Hz to 36.89 Hz from 47.93 mm to 46.05 mm. Finally, the multi-objective optimization method is used to optimize the main dimensions of the cutter head structure. Taking the maximum equivalent stress 蟽 I max, total deformation emax and mass m of the cutter head as the objective function, and taking the thickness of the second to fifth ring stiffened plate on its face as the design variable, and the radius r of the inner hole of the oval leg as the design variable, the maximum equivalent stress 蟽 I max, the total deformation amount emax and the mass m of the cutter head are taken as the design variables. After the design Explorer module of ANSYS Workbench software is used to optimize the size of the cutter head, the static strength and nominal fatigue life of the weakest part of the cutter head under normal working conditions can be further improved. The above results provide a reference for the optimum design of the cutter head structure of a kind of earth pressure balance shield machine used in the construction of Lanzhou Metro tunneling.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U455.39

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