本文選題：兩相位交叉口 + 混合交通流��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：交叉口作為城市道路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的重要樞紐,在路網(wǎng)中起著至關(guān)重要的作用,交叉口處機(jī)動(dòng)車及非機(jī)動(dòng)車的正常通行是整個(gè)交通路網(wǎng)能夠高效運(yùn)作的關(guān)鍵。然而我國(guó)城市交叉口處存在著嚴(yán)重的人機(jī)混行現(xiàn)象,這一現(xiàn)象在兩相位交叉口尤為突出。由于相位設(shè)置簡(jiǎn)單,不同方向的車流與過(guò)街行人沖突廣泛存在,該沖突阻礙了道路交通的正常運(yùn)行,降低了交叉口的通行能力,增加了車輛與行人的延誤,降低了路網(wǎng)的運(yùn)行效率�；谠搯�(wèn)題,本文針對(duì)兩相位交叉口處行人與機(jī)動(dòng)車的混行現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行研究,將有助于認(rèn)識(shí)城市交叉口處行人與機(jī)動(dòng)車運(yùn)行的復(fù)雜特性,對(duì)提高城市路網(wǎng)的運(yùn)行效率具有重要意義。論文的主要研究工作如下:(1)通過(guò)引入左轉(zhuǎn)-直行干擾規(guī)則,建立了基于元胞自動(dòng)機(jī)的單沖突點(diǎn)左轉(zhuǎn)-直行機(jī)動(dòng)車沖突模型。隨后針對(duì)左轉(zhuǎn)車輛的實(shí)際運(yùn)行軌跡對(duì)其規(guī)則進(jìn)行改進(jìn),提出了更符合實(shí)際情況的雙沖突點(diǎn)左轉(zhuǎn)-直行沖突模型。用MATLAB對(duì)其進(jìn)行仿真后,得到機(jī)動(dòng)車到達(dá)率對(duì)機(jī)動(dòng)車流量及機(jī)動(dòng)車出行時(shí)間的影響,通過(guò)比較發(fā)現(xiàn)改進(jìn)后的模型在流量與出行時(shí)間方面均有所改善,隨后利用美國(guó)HCM2000手冊(cè)中給出的延誤公式計(jì)算車輛延誤值,并與仿真方法所得延誤值進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。(2)在雙沖突點(diǎn)左轉(zhuǎn)-直行沖突模型的基礎(chǔ)上加入行人因素,建立了兩相位交叉口處行人-機(jī)動(dòng)車沖突干擾模型。車輛采用Nasch模型更新,行人采用格子氣模型更新,引入行人-機(jī)動(dòng)車干擾沖突機(jī)制將車輛與行人模型進(jìn)行耦合。用MATLAB進(jìn)行仿真,分析討論了行人到達(dá)率及機(jī)動(dòng)車到達(dá)率對(duì)機(jī)動(dòng)車流量及出行時(shí)間的影響,及行人干擾下的車輛運(yùn)行時(shí)空?qǐng)D。(3)結(jié)合實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)上述行人-機(jī)動(dòng)車干擾模型進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。對(duì)北京市某交叉口進(jìn)行了視頻拍攝調(diào)查,并提取了有效數(shù)據(jù),通過(guò)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)模型參數(shù)進(jìn)行了標(biāo)定,模擬仿真后得出轉(zhuǎn)向車輛的延誤時(shí)間,將其與車輛的實(shí)測(cè)延誤進(jìn)行比較。結(jié)論表明,仿真結(jié)果與實(shí)際結(jié)果基本一致,所提出的模型具有較高的準(zhǔn)確度和可靠性。
[Abstract]:As an important hub of urban road traffic network, intersections play an important role in the road network. The normal passage of motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles at intersections is the key to the efficient operation of the entire traffic network. However, there is a serious phenomenon of man-machine mixing at urban intersections in China, which is especially prominent in two-phase intersections. Because of the simple phase setting, the conflict between traffic flow and pedestrians in different directions is widespread, which hinders the normal operation of road traffic, reduces the traffic capacity of intersection, and increases the delay between vehicles and pedestrians. The operation efficiency of the road network is reduced. Based on this problem, this paper studies the phenomenon of pedestrian and motor vehicle in two-phase intersection, which will be helpful to understand the complex characteristics of pedestrian and motor vehicle operation in urban intersection. It is of great significance to improve the operation efficiency of urban road network. The main research work of this paper is as follows: (1) by introducing the left turn-straight interference rule, a single conflict point left turn-straight vehicle conflict model based on cellular automata is established. Then the rules of the left-turn vehicle are improved according to the actual running track of the vehicle, and a double-conflict left-to-straight conflict model is proposed which is more suitable for the actual situation. The effect of vehicle arrival rate on vehicle flow and vehicle travel time is obtained by MATLAB simulation. It is found that the improved model has improved both in terms of flow and travel time. Then the vehicle delay value is calculated by using the delay formula given in HCM2000 manual, and compared with the delay value obtained by simulation method. The pedestrian factor is added on the basis of the model of double-conflict point left-turn direct conflict. A pedestrian-vehicle conflict interference model at two-phase intersection is established. Nasch model is updated for vehicle, lattice model is used for pedestrian, and pedestrian model is coupled with pedestrian model by introducing pedestrian vehicle interference conflict mechanism. The effects of pedestrian arrival rate and vehicle arrival rate on vehicle flow and travel time are analyzed and discussed by MATLAB simulation. Combined with the measured data, the above pedestrian-vehicle interference model was verified. A video survey was carried out on a certain intersection in Beijing, and effective data were extracted. The model parameters were calibrated by measured data, and the delay time of steering vehicle was obtained by simulation and simulation, and the delay time of steering vehicle was compared with the measured delay of vehicle. The results show that the simulation results are in good agreement with the actual results, and the proposed model has high accuracy and reliability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U491.23

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本文編號(hào)：2031103