本文選題：多糖 + 納米顆粒��； 參考：《大連海事大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,各地高速公路建設飛速發(fā)展。但是,高速公路的建設也不同程度地影響和破壞了生態(tài)環(huán)境,高速公路綠化是可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的具體內(nèi)容,承擔著保護和恢復高速公路周邊自然生態(tài)環(huán)境的責任,為了充分發(fā)揮綠色植被的功能,高速公路綠化帶的治理更要降低對環(huán)境的污染。制備具有緩釋效果的納米農(nóng)藥以提高農(nóng)藥的利用率,減輕對環(huán)境的污染和對人類的危害,顯得尤為重要。天然多糖由于其具有高度穩(wěn)定、安全、無毒、可生物降解的特點,在藥物遞送系統(tǒng)領域中受到越來越多的關注,已成為制備納米載體的最理想的材料。本文的課題實驗主要包括兩部分。第一部分為載體的制備及性能研究。選取殼聚糖與海藻酸鈉兩種多糖材料為原料,通過靜電自組裝的方法制備了載藥的納米膠囊。利用Nano-Size、傅里葉紅外變化光譜(FTIR)、掃描電鏡等方法對得到的納米顆粒進行表征,并測定了其抑菌性能。通過響應面分析方法,研究了影響納米顆粒制備的關鍵影響因素,成功制備了粒徑可控,溶液均一的納米顆粒;抑菌試驗表明殼聚糖納米顆粒具有良好的抑菌效果。第二部分為載藥微膠囊的制備及性能研究。選用了具有光譜殺菌效果的阿維菌素作為藥物模型,選用具有天然安全的卵磷脂作為表面活性劑,通過改變殼聚糖濃度及藥物的濃度,添加表面活性劑等方法,研究了制備條件對載藥膠囊包封率及緩釋效果的影響。通過高效液相色譜法以及紫外分光光度計的方法,建立了阿維菌素0.1μg/L-100mg/L的檢測方法,可以準確方便的檢測阿維菌素的濃度;通過傅里葉變換光譜(FTIR),Nano-Size,顯微鏡等對載藥膠囊的表面形態(tài)、粒徑及分布等進行了表征,制備得到了粒徑在2μm左右、分布均勻的載藥膠囊,藥物包封率高達93%;與原藥相比,該制劑阿維菌素釋放速度顯著降低,72小時內(nèi)累積釋放量僅為41%,實現(xiàn)了藥物的緩釋效果,達到了實驗預期目標。
[Abstract]:With the development of our social economy, highway construction is developing rapidly. However, the construction of freeway also affects and destroys the ecological environment to some extent, the highway greening is the concrete content of the sustainable development strategy, and bears the responsibility of protecting and restoring the natural ecological environment around the expressway. In order to give full play to the function of green vegetation, the treatment of highway green belt should reduce the pollution to the environment. It is very important to prepare nanometer pesticides with slow release effect to improve the utilization rate of pesticides, reduce environmental pollution and harm to human beings. Due to its high stability, safety, non-toxicity and biodegradability, natural polysaccharides have attracted more and more attention in the field of drug delivery systems, and have become the most ideal materials for the preparation of nano-carriers. The experiment of this paper mainly includes two parts. The first part is the preparation and performance study of the carrier. Chitosan and sodium alginate were used as raw materials to prepare drug-loaded nano-capsules by electrostatic self-assembly. The nanoparticles were characterized by Nano-Size, FTIR and SEM, and their bacteriostatic properties were determined. The key factors affecting the preparation of nanoparticles were studied by response surface analysis, and the nanoparticles with controllable particle size and uniform solution were successfully prepared, and the bacteriostatic test showed that chitosan nanoparticles had good bacteriostatic effect. The second part is about the preparation and properties of drug-loaded microcapsules. Abamectin with spectral bactericidal effect was selected as drug model, and lecithin with natural safety was selected as surfactant. By changing the concentration of chitosan and drug, adding surfactant, etc. The effects of preparation conditions on encapsulation efficiency and sustained release efficiency of drug-loaded capsules were studied. By means of high performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectrophotometer, a method for the detection of avermectin 0.1 渭 g / L-100 mg / L was established, which can be used to detect the concentration of avermectin accurately and conveniently. The surface morphology, particle size and distribution of drug-loaded capsules were characterized by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), Nano-Sizeand microscope. The encapsulation efficiency of drug-loaded capsules with a particle size of about 2 渭 m and uniform distribution was as high as 93%. The release rate of abamectin significantly decreased the cumulative release of abamectin within 72 hours was only 41. The drug release effect was achieved and the expected goal of the experiment was achieved.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U418.9

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