發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-16 03:21

  本文選題：高速公路爬坡路段 + 爬坡車道　； 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)高速公路在快速建設(shè)過程中,由于受地形、地貌、地質(zhì)條件,環(huán)境保護(hù),工程施工等因素限制,經(jīng)常采用較長(zhǎng)的縱坡或組合坡段,從而形成了爬坡路段。在爬坡路段,因大型車爬坡能力不足造成大小車之間的速度差變大,小型車加、減速頻率和變道超車需求增大,極易發(fā)生追尾、側(cè)碰等交通事故,對(duì)道路交通安全的影響很大,設(shè)置爬坡車道是解決以上問題的有效手段之一,但增設(shè)爬坡車道的施工難度與建設(shè)費(fèi)用均較大,不正確的決策不但不能改善爬坡路段的交通問題,還可能造成巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。因此,制定科學(xué)合理的決策依據(jù),具有重要的實(shí)際意義。通過解讀現(xiàn)有爬坡車道設(shè)置依據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn),我國(guó)主要從通行效率方面界定設(shè)置標(biāo)準(zhǔn),缺乏安全方面的有效性驗(yàn)證,且存在界定不夠具體、部分條件未量化等問題,因此,本文借鑒國(guó)外的研究方法,結(jié)合我國(guó)實(shí)際情況,從交通安全方面系統(tǒng)研究高速公路爬坡車道的設(shè)置效果,通過論證其設(shè)置合理性和有效性,確�？茖W(xué)、合理地設(shè)置爬坡車道,以提升高速公路的交通安全水平。為完善我國(guó)爬坡車道設(shè)置依據(jù),本文首先從道路條件、交通條件兩個(gè)方面分析爬坡路段交通安全的影響因素,并選取基于非事故安全評(píng)價(jià)理論的交通沖突技術(shù)進(jìn)行安全評(píng)價(jià),以交通沖突率為安全評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),以爬坡車道設(shè)置前后的沖突率降低幅度作為爬坡車道設(shè)置有效性的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)。然后,選取寧杭高速東廬山段為典型爬坡路段,通過進(jìn)行實(shí)地交通調(diào)查獲取仿真基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合我國(guó)爬坡路段的交通實(shí)況,建立不同道路、交通條件組合下的仿真模型獲得沖突數(shù)據(jù),確定爬坡車道設(shè)置位置和設(shè)置長(zhǎng)度,并對(duì)比設(shè)置爬坡車道前后沖突率降低幅度,將結(jié)果利用K-means聚類分析的方法分為優(yōu)、良、中、差四類。最后,爬坡車道設(shè)置效果為優(yōu)、良時(shí)的道路交通條件為完善爬坡車道的設(shè)置依據(jù)提出建議。
[Abstract]:In the process of rapid construction of expressway in China, due to the constraints of topography, geomorphology, geological conditions, environmental protection, engineering construction and other factors, long longitudinal slope or combined slope section is often used, thus forming a climbing section. In the slope climbing section, the speed difference between the large and small cars becomes larger because of the insufficient climbing capacity of the large vehicles. The increase of the speed and deceleration frequency of small cars and the increasing demand for overtaking by changing lanes are very easy to occur such traffic accidents as rear-end and side bumps, which have a great impact on road traffic safety. Setting up a climbing lane is one of the effective methods to solve the above problems. However, the construction difficulty and construction cost of adding a climbing lane are great. The incorrect decision can not only improve the traffic problem of the climbing road, but also cause huge economic losses. Therefore, the establishment of scientific and reasonable decision-making basis, has important practical significance. Based on the analysis of the existing uphill lane setup, it is found that our country mainly defines the setting standard from the aspect of traffic efficiency, lacks the validity verification of safety, and has some problems, such as the definition is not specific, some conditions are not quantified, and so on. Based on the research methods of foreign countries and the actual situation of our country, this paper systematically studies the setting effect of freeway climbing lane from the aspect of traffic safety, proves its rationality and effectiveness, and ensures that the climbing lane can be set up scientifically and reasonably. In order to improve the level of highway traffic safety. In order to improve the basis for setting up uphill lanes in our country, this paper first analyzes the influencing factors of traffic safety in uphill sections from two aspects: road conditions and traffic conditions, and selects the traffic conflict technology based on the theory of non-accident safety evaluation to carry out safety evaluation. The traffic conflict rate is taken as the safety evaluation index, and the decrease of the collision rate before and after the setting up of the climbing lane is taken as the evaluation index of the effectiveness of the climbing lane setting. Then, select the east Lushan section of Ninghang Expressway as the typical climbing road, through the field traffic investigation to obtain the simulation basic data, combined with the traffic conditions of the slope climbing section of our country, establish different roads. The simulation model under the traffic condition combination obtains the conflict data, determines the location and length of the climbing lane, and compares the reduction extent of the collision rate before and after setting up the climbing lane. The results are classified into excellent, good and moderate by K-means clustering analysis. The difference is four categories. Finally, the effect of lane setting is excellent, and the traffic conditions of good road are suggested to improve the setting of climbing lane.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U412.366

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