本文選題：信號(hào)交叉口 + 直左沖突��； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市道路的信號(hào)交叉口對(duì)于城市安全運(yùn)行至關(guān)重要。作為重要的道路節(jié)點(diǎn),在交叉口處有大量的交通參與者匯集在一起,非常容易發(fā)生交通沖突與交通事故。目前得研究大多是在定性的安全評(píng)價(jià)分析,缺少事故數(shù)據(jù),基于交通沖突技術(shù)的研究也大多是宏觀的分析安全問(wèn)題,多數(shù)是沖突類型、機(jī)理等。對(duì)于沖突發(fā)生與沖突嚴(yán)重程度的判定需要從微觀上更進(jìn)一步研究。針對(duì)上述問(wèn)題,本文以信號(hào)交叉口的直行車與左轉(zhuǎn)車的沖突(直左沖突)為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行分析。首先,對(duì)交通沖突的理論以及信號(hào)交叉口的直行車、左轉(zhuǎn)車、直左沖突的交通特性進(jìn)行分析,對(duì)比各種沖突判別方法的優(yōu)劣,選擇減速度作為判定沖突是否發(fā)生的指標(biāo)。在判定發(fā)生了沖突之后,進(jìn)一步利用減速度進(jìn)行沖突嚴(yán)重程度的劃分。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的沖突觀測(cè)方法的局限性,提出用視頻圖像處理技術(shù)來(lái)獲得車輛的軌跡。為獲取指標(biāo)的有效數(shù)據(jù),首先進(jìn)行了合理的沖突觀測(cè)錄像,再利用Tracker軟件對(duì)調(diào)查的視頻圖像進(jìn)行直左交互作用中的車輛運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡信息提取。并且對(duì)產(chǎn)生的誤差進(jìn)行分析,確保數(shù)據(jù)的精確性。劃分了兩車交互時(shí)的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài),明顯沖突、干擾情況、無(wú)沖突。根據(jù)可插入間隙理論,對(duì)于干擾情況下的數(shù)據(jù),將左轉(zhuǎn)車優(yōu)先通過(guò)沖突點(diǎn),作為左轉(zhuǎn)車的接受間隙,選擇WU方法,確定沖突發(fā)生的減速度臨界值。在將所有數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行沖突發(fā)生判斷后,根據(jù)減速度的判別標(biāo)準(zhǔn),將沖突劃分為三個(gè)等級(jí),一般沖突、中等沖突、嚴(yán)重沖突,通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)模擬得到指標(biāo)的分布,獲得第一個(gè)拐點(diǎn),并且確定各個(gè)等級(jí)的臨界值,驗(yàn)證了利用視頻技術(shù)進(jìn)行沖突判定的有效性,實(shí)現(xiàn)了圖像處理的交通沖突的自動(dòng)判別。在沖突判定的結(jié)果基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步探索了研究沖突的實(shí)際意義。
[Abstract]:The signalized intersections of urban roads are very important for the safe operation of cities. As an important road node, there are a large number of traffic participants at the intersection, which is prone to traffic conflicts and traffic accidents. At present, most of the researches are based on qualitative safety evaluation and analysis, and lack of accident data. The research based on traffic conflict technology is also mostly macro-analysis of safety issues, mostly conflict types, mechanisms and so on. The determination of conflict occurrence and severity needs to be further studied microscopically. In order to solve the above problems, this paper analyzes the conflict between the direct vehicle and the left-turn vehicle at the signalized intersection. Firstly, the theory of traffic conflict and the traffic characteristics of direct vehicle, left turn vehicle and straight left conflict at signalized intersection are analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages of various conflict discrimination methods are compared, and the deceleration is selected as the index to judge whether the conflict occurs or not. After the conflict is judged, the severity of the conflict is further divided by using deceleration. In view of the limitation of the traditional conflict observation method, a video image processing technique is proposed to obtain the vehicle trajectory. In order to obtain the effective data of the target, a reasonable conflict observation video is made, and then the vehicle motion track information is extracted from the investigated video image by using Tracker software in the direct to left interaction. And the error is analyzed to ensure the accuracy of the data. The motion states of the two vehicles are divided into two parts: obvious conflict, interference and no conflict. According to the theory of pluggable clearance, for the data in the case of interference, the left-turn vehicle passes through the conflict point first, as the acceptance gap of the left-turn vehicle, and chooses the Wu method to determine the critical value of the deceleration speed of the conflict. After judging the conflict of all the data, according to the criterion of deceleration, the conflict is divided into three levels: general conflict, moderate conflict, serious conflict. The distribution of indicators is obtained through data simulation, and the first inflection point is obtained. At the same time, the critical value of each level is determined, which verifies the validity of conflict determination using video technology, and realizes the automatic identification of traffic conflicts in image processing. Based on the results of conflict determination, the practical significance of the study of conflict is further explored.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：U495;TP391.41

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